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Opportunities to search for extraterrestrial intelligence with the FAST

Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020年第5期20卷 193-204页

作者： Di Li Vishal Gajjar Pei Wang Andrew Siemion Zhi-Song Zhang hai-Yan Zhang You-Ling Yue Yan Zhu Cheng-Jin Jin Shi-Yu Li Sabrina Berger Bryan Brzycki Jeff Cobb Steve Croft Daniel Czech david DeBoer Julia DeMarines Jamie Drew J.emilio enriquez Nectaria Gizani eric J.Korpela howard Isaacson Matthew Lebofsky Brian Lacki david h.e.macmahon Morgan Nanez Chen-hui Niu Xin Pei Danny C.Price Dan Werthimer Pete Worden Yunfan Gerry Zhang Tong-Jie Zhang FAST Collaboration CAS Key Laboratory of FAST National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Astronomy University of California BerkeleyBerkeley CA 94720USA SeTI Institute Mountain ViewCA 94043USA Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP Radboud UniversityNijmegenNetherlands University of Malta Institute of Space Sciences and AstronomyMalta Space Sciences Laboratory University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeley CA 94720USA Breakthrough Initiatives NASA Research ParkMoffett Field CA 94043USA hellenic Open University School of Science&TechnologyParodos AristotelousPerivola PatronGreece University of Southern Queensland QLD 4350Australia Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Centre for Astrophysics&Supercomputing Swinburne University of TechnologyHawthornVIC 3122Australia Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Institute of Astronomical Science Dezhou UniversityDezhou 253023China

The discovery of ubiquitous habitable extrasolar planets,combined with revolutionary advances in instrumentation and observational capabilities,has ushered in a renaissance in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence(SeTI).Large scale SeTI activities are now underway at numerous international *** Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST)is the largest single-aperture radio telescope in the world,and is well positioned to conduct sensitive searches for radio emission indicative of *** is one of the five key science goals specified in the original FAST project plan.A collaboration with the Breakthrough Listen Initiative was initiated in 2016 with a joint statement signed both by *** Yan,the then director of National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences(NAOC),and *** Worden,Chairman of the Breakthrough Prize *** this paper,we highlight some of the unique features of FAST that will allow for novel SeTI *** identify and describe three different signal types indicative of a technological source,namely,narrow band,wide-band artificially dispersed and modulated ***,we propose observations with FAST to achieve sensitivities never before *** nearby exoplanets,such as TeSS targets,FAST will be sensitive to an eIRP of 1.9×1011 W,well within the reach of current human *** the Andromeda Galaxy,FAST will be able to detect any Kardashev type II or more advanced civilization there.

关键词： Search for extraterrestrial Intelligence Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope

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Mitochondrial recruitment in myelin:an anchor for myelin dynamics and plasticity?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1401-1402页

作者： Jean-david M.Gothié Timothy e.Kennedy Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery Montreal Neurological InstituteMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada

Optimal propagation of neuronal electrical impulses depends on the insulation of axons by myelin,produced in the central nervous system by *** is an extension of the oligodendrocyte plasma membrane,which wraps around an axon to form a compact multi-layered *** is composed of a substantially higher proportion of lipids compared to other biological membranes and enriched in a small number of specialized proteins.

关键词： plasticity insulation dynamics

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hepatitis B virus genotypes in precision medicine of hepatitis Brelated hepatocellular carcinoma:Where we are now

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1097-1103页

作者： Caecilia h C Sukowati Sri Jayanti Turyadi Turyadi david h Muljono Claudio Tiribelli eijkman Research Center for Molecular Biology Research Organization for HealthNational Research and Innovation Agency of IndonesiaJakarta 10340Indonesia Liver Cancer Unit Fondazione Italiana Fegato ONLUSTrieste 34149Italy Faculty of Medicine Hasanuddin UniversityMakassar 90245South SulawesiIndonesia Faculty of Medicine and health University of SydneySydney 2050Australia

hepatitis B virus(hBV)infection is a major player in chronic hepatitis B that may lead to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma(hCC).hBV genetics are diverse where it is classified into at least 9 genotypes(A to I)and 1 putative genotype(J),each with specific geographical distribution and possible different clinical outcomes in the *** diversity may be associated with the precision medicine for hBV-related hCC and the success of therapeutical approaches against hCC,related to different pathogenicity of the virus and host *** editorial discusses recent updates on whether the classification of hBV genetic diversity is still valid in terms of viral oncogenicity to the hCC and its precision medicine,in addition to the recent advances in cellular and molecular biology technologies.

关键词： hepatitis B virus hepatocellular carcinoma Genotypes Pathogenesis Precision medicine

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A systematic scoping review of study methodology for randomized controlled trials investigating probiotics in athletic and physically active populations

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2024年第1期13卷 61-71页

作者： Alex e.Mohr david B.Pyne Geovana Silva Fogaça Leite Deborah Akins Jamie Pugh College of health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA Research Institute for Sport and exercise University of CanberraCanberraACT 2617Australia Laboratory of Functional Fermented Food Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo 05508-030Brazil Research Institute for Sport and exercise Sciences Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool L33AFUK

Background:The purported ergogenic and health effects of probiotics have been a topic of great intrigue among researchers,practitioners,and the lay public *** has also been an increased research focus within the realm of sports science and exercise medicine on the athletic gut ***,compared to other ergogenic aids and dietary supplements,probiotics present unique study *** objectives of this systematic scoping review were to identify and characterize study methodologies of randomized controlled trials investigating supplementation with probiotics in athletes and physically active ***:Four databases(MeDLINe,CINAhL,Cochrane CeNTRAL,and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)were searched for randomized controlled studies involving healthy athletes or physically active *** intervention with probiotics and inclusion of a control and/or placebo group were *** peer-reviewed articles in english were considered,and there were no date *** were extracted and presented in tabular form to detail study protocols,characteristics,and *** in randomized controlled trials was determined with the RoB 2.0 ***:A total of 45 studies were included in the review,with 35 using a parallel group design and 10 using a cross-over *** half the studies used a single probiotic and the other half a multi-strain *** probiotic dose ranged from 2×10^(8)to 1×10^(11)colony forming units daily,and the length of intervention was between 7 and 150 *** than half the studies directly assessed gastrointestinal symptoms,gut permeability,or the gut *** sex ratio of participants was heavily weighted toward males,and only 3 studies exclusively investigated ***-level adverse events were reported in only 2 studies,although the methodology of reporting varied *** risk of bias was generally low,although details on randomization were lacking in some s

关键词： exercise experimental methodology Gastrointestinal symptoms Gut microbiota Probiotic supplementation

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Instance Segmentation of Characters Recognized in Palmyrene Aramaic Inscriptions

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Computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2869-2889页

作者： Adéla hamplová Alexey Lyavdansky TomášNovák Ondrej Svojše david Franc Arnošt Veselý Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague(CULS) Faculty of Economics and ManagementDepartment of Information EngineeringPrague16500Czech Republic National Research University higher School of economics(hSe) Faculty of HumanitiesInstitute for Oriental and Classical StudiesMoscow101000The Russian Federation

This study presents a single-class and multi-class instance segmentation approach applied to ancient Palmyrene inscriptions,employing two state-of-the-art deep learning algorithms,namely YOLOv8 and Roboflow *** goal is to contribute to the preservation and understanding of historical texts,showcasing the potential of modern deep learning methods in archaeological *** research culminates in several key findings and scientific *** comprehensively compare the performance of YOLOv8 and Roboflow 3.0 in the context of Palmyrene character segmentation—this comparative analysis mainly focuses on the strengths and weaknesses of each algorithm in this *** also created and annotated an extensive dataset of Palmyrene inscriptions,a crucial resource for further research in the *** dataset serves for training and evaluating the segmentation *** employ comparative evaluation metrics to quantitatively assess the segmentation results,ensuring the reliability and reproducibility of our findings and we present custom visualization tools for predicted segmentation *** study advances the state of the art in semi-automatic reading of Palmyrene inscriptions and establishes a benchmark for future *** availability of the Palmyrene dataset and the insights into algorithm performance contribute to the broader understanding of historical text analysis.

关键词： Optical character recognition instance segmentation Palmyrene ancient languages computer vision

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Late Ordovician Mass extinction: earth, fire and ice

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 51-65页

作者： david A.T.harper Palaeoecosystems Group Department of Earth SciencesDurham University

The Late Ordovician Mass extinction was the earliest of the ‘big’ five extinction events and the earliest to affect the trajectory of metazoan life. Two phases have been identified near the start of the hirnantian period and in the middle. It was a massive taxonomic extinction, a weak phylogenetic extinction and a relatively benign ecological extinction. A rapid cooling, triggering a major ice age that reduced the temperature of surface waters, prompted a drop in sea level of some 100 m and introduced toxic bottom waters onto the shelves. These symptoms of more fundamental planetary processes have been associated with a range of factors with an underlying driver identified as volcanicity. Volcanic eruptions, and other products, may have extended back in time to at least the Sandbian and early Katian, suggesting the extinctions were more protracted and influential than hitherto documented.

关键词： Ordovician LOMe paleoecology palaeobiogeography biotas

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One-dimensional monotone nonautonomous dynamical systems

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第2期67卷 281-314页

作者： david Cheban Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied MathematicsMoldova State UniversityChisinau 2009Moldova

This work is devoted to the study of the dynamics of one-dimensional monotone nonautonomous(cocycle) dynamical systems. A description of the structures of their invariant sets, omega limit sets,Bohr/Levitan almost periodic and almost automorphic motions, global attractors, and pinched and minimalsets is given. An application of our general results is given to scalar differential and difference equations.

关键词： one-dimensional dynamics pinched and minimal sets global attractors monotone nonautonomous cocycle almost periodic solutions scalar differential/difference equations

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Kerogen Kinetic Distributions and Simulations Provide Insights into Petroleum Transformation Fraction (TF) Profiles of Organic-Rich Shales

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Journal of earth Science 2024年第3期35卷 747-757页

作者： david A.Wood DWA energy Limited Lincoln LN59JPUnited Kingdom

Two hundred and fifty single first-order Arrhenius reactions are simulated to generate S2 pyrograms at three heating rates 25,15,and 5°C·*** activation energy(e)and pre-exponential factor(A)of the reactions simulated follow a long-established trend of those variable values displayed by shales and *** characteristics of the transformation fraction(TF)profiles(product generation window temperatures)of the simulated single reactions are compared to the TF profiles of recorded shale pyrograms generated by multiple reactions with different e-A values lying near the defined e-A *** similarities and differences are observed between the TF profile values of the two *** similarities support the spread of e-A values involved in shale pyrogram best *** differences are most likely explained by the complexity of the multiple kerogen first-order and second-order reactions contributing to the recorded shale pyrograms versus the simplicity and crispness of the single first-order reactions *** results also justify the validity of using the previously described“variable e-A pyrogram-fitting method”of multi-heating-rate shale pyrograms enabling optimizers to choose multiple reactions from an unlimited range of e-A *** contrast,further doubt is cast on the validity of the constant-A pyrogram-fitting method used by the easy%Ro technique,in that a distribution of reactions with a single A value is unlikely to represent the complex variety of kerogen macerals observed in shale *** profiles generated by the variable e-A pyrogram-fitting method lie close to the established e-A trend and are likely to provide more realistic TF generation window temperatures than TF profiles generated by the constant-A pyrogram-fitting method.

关键词： transformation fraction profiles simulated S2 pyrograms multiple heating rates kerogen/shale kinetics S2 pyrogram fitting techniques kerogen petroleum research.

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Analysis of ancient mass extinction recoveries in marine environments: generating strategies for managing outcomes of the current mass extinction

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 8-10页

作者： david J.Bottjer Department of earth Sciences University of Southern California

The defining feature of a mass extinction and its associated recovery is the global amount of extinction that occurred[1]. however, there is finer-scale detail to the story, as seen in the ongoing modern mass extinction(the sixth mass extinction), which exhibits variable effects among marine ecosystems and environments, and hence geographic areas [1].

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Gastroesophageal reflux following peroral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia:Bumps in the road to success

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第29期30卷 3461-3464页

作者： david Itskoviz Stephen david howard Malnick Kaplan Medical Center Institute of Gastroenterology and HepatologyHebrew University Medical School of JerusalemRehovot 76100Israel Kaplan Medical Center Department of Internal Medicine CHebrew University Medical School of JerusalemRehovot 76100Israel

Achalasia can significantly impair the quality of *** clinical presentation typically includes dysphagia to both solids and liquids,chest pain,and *** can be delayed in patients with atypical presentations,and they might receive a wrong diagnosis,such as gastroesophageal reflux disease(GeRD),owing to overlapping symptoms of both *** the cause of achalasia is poorly understood,its impact on the motility of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction is well *** treatment modalities have been utilized,with the most common being surgical heller myotomy with concomitant fundoplication and pneumatic balloon ***,peroral endoscopic myotomy(POeM)has gained popularity as an effective treatment for achalasia,despite a relatively high incidence of GeRD occurring after treatment compared to other *** magnitude of post-POeM GeRD depends on its definition and is influenced by patient and procedure-related *** longterm sequelae of post-POeM GeRD are yet to be determined,but it appears to have a benign course and is usually manageable with clinically available *** risk factors for post-POeM GeRD and modifying the POeM procedure in selected patients may improve the overall success of this technique.

关键词： Achalasia Per-oral endoscopic myotomy Gastroesophageal reflux Pneumatic dilatation heller myotomy Proton pump inhibitor Acidic fermentation

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