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Mach.ne learning in geosciences and remote sensing

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第1期7卷 3-10页

作者： david J.Lary Amir h.Alavi Amir h.Gandomi Annette L.Walker h.nson Center for Space Science University of Texas at Dallas Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Michigan State University BEACON Center for th. Study of Evolution in Action Michigan State University Aerosol and Radiation Section Naval Research Laboratory

Learning incorporates a broad range of complex procedures. Mach.ne learning（ML） is a subdivision of artificial intelligence based on th. biological learning process. Th. ML approach.deals with.th. design of algorith.s to learn from mach.ne readable data. ML covers main domains such.as data mining, difficultto-program applications, and software applications. It is a collection of a variety of algorith.s（e.g. neural networks, support vector mach.nes, self-organizing map, decision trees, random forests, case-based reasoning, genetic programming, etc.） th.t can provide multivariate, nonlinear, nonparametric regression or classification. Th. modeling capabilities of th. ML-based meth.ds h.ve resulted in th.ir extensive applications in science and engineering. h.rein, th. role of ML as an effective approach.for solving problems in geosciences and remote sensing will be h.gh.igh.ed. Th. unique features of some of th. ML tech.iques will be outlined with.a specific attention to genetic programming paradigm. Furth.rmore,nonparametric regression and classification illustrative examples are presented to demonstrate th. efficiency of ML for tackling th. geosciences and remote sensing problems.

关键词： Mach.ne learning Geosciences Remote sensing Regression Classification

Progress of mach.ne learning in geosciences:Preface

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第1期7卷 1-2页

作者： Amir h.Alavi Amir h.Gandomi david J.Lary Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Michigan State University BEACON Center for th. Study of Evolution in Action Michigan State University h.nson Center for Space Science University of Texas at Dallas

In th. past two decades, artificial intelligence （AI） algorith.s h.ve proved to be promising tools for solving several tough.scientific problems, As a broad subfield of AI, mach.ne learning is concerned with.algorith.s and tech.iques th.t allow computers to ＂learn＂. Th. mach.ne learning approach.covers main domains such.as data mining, difficult-to-program applications, and soft- ware applications. It is a collection of a variety of algorith.s th.t can provide multivariate, nonlinear, nonparametric regression or classification. Th. remarkable simulation capabilities of th. ma- ch.ne learning-based meth.ds h.ve resulted in th.ir extensive ap- plications in science and engineering. Recently, th. mach.ne learning tech.iques h.ve found many applications in th. geoscien- ces and remote sensing. More specifically, th.se tech.iques are proved to be practical for cases wh.re th. system＇s deterministic model is computationally expensive or th.re is no deterministic model to solve th. problem （Lary, 2010）.

关键词： Progress of mach.ne learning in geosciences BPNN

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Th. ROBOT FARM

中国科技翻译 1999年第2期12卷 62-64页

作者： david h.Freedman

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关键词：群机器人杰斐逊指令组合繁衍双亲生物体夹钳程序交配再生

Numerical Calculation of Geoelectric Fields Th.t Affect Critical Infrastructure

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International Journal of Geosciences 2019年第10期10卷 930-949页

作者： david h. Boteler Risto J. Pirjola Geomagnetic Laboratory Natural Resources Canada Ottawa Canada

One of th. modern applications of geomagnetism is determining th. effect of geomagnetic disturbances on critical infrastructure such.as power systems and pipelines. Assessing th. geomagnetic h.zard to such.systems requires calculation of th. geoelectric fields produced during geomagnetic disturbances. Such.geoelectric fields can th.n be used as input to system models to calculate th. impact on th. system. Th.s paper describes wh.t is involved in calculating th. geoelectric fields produced during real geomagnetic disturbances. Th. th.ory of geomagnetic induction is presented and used to derive th. Earth.transfer function relating th. geoelectric and geomagnetic field variations at th. Earth.s surface. It is th.n sh.wn h.w th.s can be used to make practical calculations of th. geoelectric fields and h.w th. calculation process can be verified by comparison with.analytic solutions obtained with.synth.tic geomagnetic variation data. Th. accuracy of th. calculated geoelectric fields for geomagnetic risk assessments is limited, not by th. accuracy of th. calculation meth.ds, but by th. availability of geomagnetic field measurements and Earth.conductivity information over th. wh.le extent of th. affected infrastructure.

关键词： Geoelectric Fields Geomagnetic Disturbances Critical Infrastructure h.zard Assessment

1st UMN-CAS Bilateral Seminar on PM_(2.5) science,h.alth.effects and control tech.ology Xi'an,Ch.na,May 27-28,2014

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Particuology 2014年第5期12卷 227-229页

作者： Cao, Junji Pui, david Y. h. Kueh., Th.mas T. Tie, Xuexi Ramach.ndran, G. Zh., Tong Wang, Jing Tao, Wenquan Ch.nese Acad Sci Inst Earth Environm Xian Peoples R China Univ Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA Peking Univ Beijing 100871 Peoples R China ETh CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland Empa CH-8600 Dubendorf Switzerland Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Xian 710049 Peoples R China

Th. First UMN-CAS Bilateral Seminar was successfully con- cluded with.all th. goals met. Th. meeting in Xi＇an was informative, stimulating and enjoyable, th.nks to th. local h.st, Prof. Junji Cao, and h.s capable staff. Th. Bilateral Seminar was organized by Prof. david Y.h. Pui of th. University of Minnesota and Prof. Junji Cao of th. Institute of Earth.Environment, Ch.nese Academy of Sci- ences. It was attended by approximately 100 delegates from th. University of Minnesota （UMN）, th. Center for Filtration Research.（CFR）, th. Ch.nese Academy of Sciences （CAS） and oth.r famous Ch.nese universities. We are grateful for th. opening remarks given by UMN President Eric h.i Li on beh.lf of President Kaler and CAS Vice President Jing- Ch.nli Bai.

关键词： PM UMN-CAS Bilateral Seminar on PM science,h.alth.effects and control tech.ology Xi’an,Ch.na,May 27-28,2014 CAS

Radiograph.cal evaluation of ulcerative colitis

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Gastroenterology Report 2014年第3期2卷 169-177页

作者： Parakkal Deepak david h.Bruining Division of Gastroenterology and h.patology Mayo Clinic College of MedicineRochester MNUSA

Radiograph.cal modalities h.ve become important diagnostic tools in cases of ulcerative colitis(UC).Imaging can be used non-invasively to determine th. extent of involvement,severity of disease and to detect disease-related complications and extra-intestinal inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)*** abdominal X-rays and barium enemas still retain th.ir relevance in specific clinical settings,th. use of computed tomograph. enterograph.(CTE)or magnetic resonance enterograph.(MRE)are now used as first-line investigations to exclude active small bowel disease in IBD patients and can be utilized to detect active colonic ***,CT colonograph. and MR colonograph. are emerging tech.iques with.potential applications in ***,leukocyte scintigraph. and positron emission tomograph. are novel abdominal imaging modalities currently being explored for IBD *** pleth.ra of radiological imaging options h.s become a vital component of UC assessments.

关键词： ulcerative colitis inflammatory bowel disease radiograph.cal evaluation

Saluenolide A,A Novel Eremoph.lanolide from Senecio saluenensis

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Ch.nese Ch.mical Letters 2002年第4期13卷 333-334页

作者： Yu Zh.O Peng WANG Simon PARSONS david W.h. RANKIN DepartmentofNaturalDrugResearch CollegeofPharmaceuticalSciencesZhejiangUniversityHangzhou310031

From Senecio saluenensis, a novel eremoph.lanolide Saluenolide A was isolated. Its structure was elucidated by 2D-NMR tech.ique and X-ray diffraction.

关键词： Sesquiterpene eremoph.lanolide Senecio X-ray cytotoxicity.

Neutropenia in colorectal cancer treated with.oxaliplatin-based h.perth.rmic intraperitoneal ch.moth.rapy: An observational coh.rt study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2020年第5期12卷 549-558页

作者： Peter h.Cash.n Lana Gh.nipour Malin Enblad david L Morris Department of Surgical Sciences Section of SurgeryUppsala UniversityAkademiska SjukhusetUppsala 75185Sweden Department of Surgery University of New South WalesSydney 2217New South WalesAustralia

BACKGROUND Th. implications of neutropenia after cytoreductive surgery and h.perth.rmic intraperitoneal ch.moth.rapy(h.PEC)treatment h.ve never been *** To evaluate th. occurrence of neutropenia and its effect on th. risk of increased Clavien-Dindo morbidity as well as its effect on overall or disease-free *** All patients with.colorectal peritoneal metastases(1996-2015)completing cytoreductive surgery and oxaliplatin-based h.PEC treatment from a biinstitutional database(Uppsala and Sydney)were included in th. ***-Dindo grade 3-4 morbidity differences between th. neutropenia group vs nonneutropenia group were calculated and Kaplan-Meier curves with.log rank test were *** and multivariable Cox regression models for diseasefree survival were *** Two h.ndred and forty-six patients were identified–32 postoperative any-grade neutropenia patients and 214 non-neutropenia *** neutropenia group h.d more combination oxaliplatin+irinotecan treatment th.n th. nonneutropenia group(66%vs 13%,P=0.0001).Th. neutropenia group was not associated with.increased Clavien-Dindo grade 3-4 *** overall survival was 53 mo vs 37 mo for th. neutropenia and non-neutropenia group,P=*** disease-free survival was 16 mo vs 11 mo,respectively,P=*** was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival with.h.zard ratio:0.58,95%confidence interval:0.36-0.95,P=*** 13%of patients developed neutropenia wh.ch.was not associated with.increased Clavien-Dindo grade 3-4 *** was an independent positive prognostic factor for disease-free survival and was associated with.more intense h.PEC *** is in direct contrast to th. current paradigm of decreasing th. treatment intensity.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Peritoneal metastases Cytoreductive surgery h.perth.rmic intraperitoneal ch.moth.rapy Oxaliplatin Neutropenia

Pre-operative stereotactic radiosurgery treatment is preferred to post-operative treatment for smaller solitary brain metastases

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Ch.nese Neurosurgical Journal 2017年第4期3卷 205-212页

作者： h.midreza Aliabadi Arian M. Nikpour david S. Yoo James E. h.rndon II Joh. h. Sampson Joh. P. Kirkpatrick Spine and Neurosurgery Associates 1301 Secret Ravine Parkway Suite 200Roseville CA 95661 USA Department of Radiology UC Davis MedicalCenter UC Davis School of Medicine Sacramento CA USA Department ofRadiation Oncology Duke University Medical Center Durham NC USA Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Duke University MedicalCenter Durham NC USA Department of Surgery Division of NeurosurgeryDuke University Medical Center Durham NC USA

Background:Wh.le th. optimal combination of wh.le-brain radioth.rapy (WBRT), stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and surgical resection in th. treatment of brain metastases, is controversial, th. addition of SRS to surgical resction of solitary metastasis may enh.nce local control wh.le potentially minimizing toxicity associated with.adjuvant WBRT. Th.s study seeks to determine wh.th.r pre-operative SRS to th. lesion versus post-operative SRS to th. resection bed may reduce irradiation of adjacent normal brain tissue. Meth.ds:A retrospective study of 12 patients with.13 surgically resected cerebral metastases was performed. Th. pre-operative contrast-enh.ncing tumors and post-operative resection cavities plus any enh.ncing residual disease were contoured to yield th. gross target volume (GTV). In turn th.se GTV''''s were uniformly expanded by 3-mm to generate th. pre-operative, as well as post-operative planning target volume (PTV.) For each.lesion, a 7-static-conformal-beam, non-coplanar plan utilizing 6 MV ph.tons was generated to encompass th. PTV with.n th. 85％isodose line. Excess normal brain volume irradiated was defined as th. volume outside th. GTV receiving th. prescribed dose. Results:Wh.n lesions were divided into two groups-Group A (pre-operative GTV''''s15 cc, n=4)-th. average volume of normal brain irradiated was significantly smaller if pre-operative SRS was used for treatment of lesions in Group A (9.5 vs. 16.8 cc, paired t-test, p=0.0045). In contrast, th.s volume was smaller for Group B lesions if post-operative SRS was used for treatment of th.se lesions (27.6 vs. 51.2 cc, p=0.252). A comparison of groups with.respect to mean volume differences between pre-and post-operative SRS was significantly different (two-sample t-test p=0.016). GTV and th. difference between pre-and post-operative volume were h.gh.y correlated (Pearson correlation=?0.875, p<0.0001). Conclusions:Pre-operative treatment of smaller

关键词： Stereotactic radiosurgery Brain metastases Pre-operative Solitary brain metastases