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Atomic Dispersed h.tero‑Pairs for Enh.nced Electrocatalytic CO_(2)Reduction

Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第1期16卷 55-67页

作者： Zh.oyong Jin Meiqi Yang Yilong Dong Xingch.ng Ma Ying Wang Jiandong Wu Jinch.ng Fan Dewen Wang Rongsh.n Xi Xiao Zh.o Tianyi Xu Jingxiang Zh.o Lei Zh.ng david J.Singh.Weitao Zh.ng Xiaoqiang Cui State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOEElectron Microscopy CenterJilin UniversityChangchun 130012People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Ph.tonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials Ministry of Educationand College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Normal UniversityHarbin 150025People’s Republic of China College of Ch.mistry Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012People’s Republic of China Department of Ph.sics and Astronomy and Department of Ch.mistry University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA

Electroch.mical carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)involves a variety of intermediates with.h.gh.y correlated reaction and ad-desorption energies,h.ndering optimization of th. catalytic *** example,increasing th. binding of th.*COOh.to th. active site will generally increase th.*CO desorption *** th.s relationsh.p may be expected to dramatically improve th. intrinsic activity of CO_(2)RR,but remains an unsolved ***,we addressed th.s conundrum by constructing a unique atomic dispersed h.tero-pair consisting of Mo-Fe di-atoms anch.red on N-doped carbon *** system sh.ws an unprecedented CO_(2)RR intrinsic activity with.TOF of 3336 h.1,h.gh.selectivity toward CO production,Faradaic efficiency of 95.96%at−0.60 V and excellent *** calculations sh.w th.t th. Mo-Fe diatomic sites increased th.*COOh.intermediate adsorption energy by bridging adsorption of*COOh.*** th. same time,d-d orbital coupling in th. Mo-Fe di-atom results in electron delocalization and facilitates desorption of*CO ***,th. undesirable correlation between th.se steps is *** work provides a promising approach.specifically th. use of di-atoms,for breaking unfavorable relationsh.ps based on understanding of th. catalytic mech.nisms at th. atomic scale.

关键词： CO_(2)reduction reaction Atomic dispersed catalyst h.tero-diatomic pair Ad-desorption energy Linear scaling relation

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Impact of pre- and peri-operative risk factors on length.of stay and h.spital readmission following minimally-invasive partial neph.ectomy

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 72-79页

作者： Vanessa A.Lukas Rah.l Dutta Ash.k K.h.mal Matvey Tsivian Timoth. E.Craven Nich.las A.Deebel david D.Th.el Ram Anil Path.k Brigh.m and Women's h.spital Division of UrologyDepartment of Surgery75 Francis StreetBostonMAUSA Atrium h.alth.Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center Department of Urology1 Medical Center BlvdWinston-SalemNCUSA Mayo Clinic Florida Department of Urology4500 San Pablo RoadJacksonvilleFLUSA

Objective:We conducted an analysis of th. American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database for minimally-invasive partial neph.ectomy cases reported with.th. goal to identify pre-and peri-operative variables associated with.length.of stay(LOS)greater th.n 3 days and readmission with.n 30 ***:Records from 2008 to 2018 for“laparoscopy,surgical;partial neph.ectomy”for prolonged LOS and readmission coh.rts were *** analysis with.Ch.-square,t-tests,and multivariable logistic regression analysis with.odds ratios(ORs),p-values,and 95%confidence intervals assessed statistical ***:Totally,20306 records for LOS greater th.n 3 days and 15854 for readmission with.n 30 days were *** and multivariable analysis exh.bited similar *** LOS greater th.n 3 days,undergoing non-elective surgery(OR=5.247),transfusion of greater th.n four units with.n 72 h.prior to surgery(OR=5.072),pre-operative renal failure or dialysis(OR=2.941),and poor pre-operative functional status(OR=2.540)exh.bited th. strongest statistically significant *** h.spital readmission with.n 30 days,loss in body weigh. greater th.n 10%in 6 month. prior to surgery(OR=2.227)and bleeding disorders(OR=2.081)exh.bited strongest statistically significant ***:Multiple pre-and peri-operative risk factors are independently associated with.prolonged LOS and h.spital readmission with.n 30 days of surgery using th. American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program *** th. risks factors th.t can potentially be improved prior to minimally-invasive partial neph.ectomy is crucial to informing patient selection,optimization strategies,and patient education.

关键词： Minimally-invasive partial neph.ectomy Th. American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Length.f stay h.spital readmission

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Synth.sis,Structures,and Ch.roptical Properties of NBN-Doped h.licenes with.Boron Atoms in th. Inner Rims

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Precision Ch.mistry 2024年第1期2卷 28-39页

作者： Weiwen Zh.ang Yujian Liu Ziqi Deng Yu Guo Ph.lip C.Y.Ch.w david Lee Ph.llips Wei Jiang Zh.oh.i Wang Junzh. Liu State Key Laboratory of Synth.tic Ch.mistry HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of ChemistryThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Mech.nical Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina

Th. precise synth.sis of h.licenes with.topologically defined length.and specific h.teroatomic perturbation in th. screw-like conjugated skeletons plays an emerging role in th. manipulation of ch.ral ***,selective,and programmable routes to h.licenes or h.teroh.licenes are h.gh.y desirable yet ch.llenging for structure-ch.roptical property relationsh.p ***,we report th. synth.sis and ch.racterization of NBN-doped h.licenes with.boron atoms in th. inner rims,enabled by th. h.gh.y regioselective one-pot borylation of rationally designed precursors with.namely,fold-in or pan-out *** incorporation of nonbonded boron and nitrogen atoms resulted in narrow-band emission and improved optical properties for th. single-stranded carbon *** addition,numbers and arrangement modes of fused six-membered rings h.ve distinct effects on configurational stability and ch.roptical properties,revealing th.t BN-[6]h.with.strong circular dich.oism is a promising candidate for ch.ral *** combination of experimental and th.oretical studies on th.se h.lical structures migh. provide insigh.s into th. design of h.lically ch.ral small-molecule-based sensors or emitters.

关键词： Nitrogen-boron h.licenes Borylation Ch.roptical properties Narrow-band emission

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A novel diagnostic gene region for distinguish.ng between two pest fruit flies:Bactrocera tryoni(Froggatt)and Bactrocera neoh.meralis(h.rdy)(Diptera:Teph.itidae)

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1285-1295页

作者： Melissa L.Starkie Elizabeth.V.Fowler Alexander M.Piper Xiaoch.ng Zh. Pauline Wyatt david Gopurenko Matt N.Krosch.Francesca Strutt Karen F.Armstrong h.mish.Patrick Mark K.Sch.tze Mark J.Blacket Department of Agriculture and Fish.ries BiosecurityBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Agriculture Victoria AgriBioBundooraVictoriaAustralia Department of Primary Industries Wagga Wagga Agricultural InstituteWagga WaggaNew South WalesAustralia Forensic Services Group Queensland Police ServiceBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of Pest-management and Conservation Lincoln UniversityLincolnNew Zealand Better Border Biosecurity(B3 B3nz.org.nz)LincolnNew Zealand

Bactrocera tryoni and Bactrocera neoh.meralis are morph.logically similar sibling pest fruit fly species th.t possess different biological attributes,geograph.c distributions,and h.st *** need to differentiate between th. two species is critical for accurate pest status assessment,management,biosecurity,and maintenance of reference *** morph.logically similar,adults may be separated based on subtle ch.racters;h.wever,some ch.racters exh.bit intraspecific variability,creating overlap between th. two ***,th.re is currently no single molecular marker or rapid diagnostic assay th.t can reliably distinguish.between *** and ***;th.refore,ambiguous samples remain *** we report th. first molecular marker th.t can consistently distinguish.between *** and *** diagnostic region consists of two adjacent single nucleotide polymorph.sms(SNPs)with.n th. pangolin(pan)gene *** confirmed th. genotypes of each.species are consistent across th.ir distributional range,th.n developed a tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system(ARMS)PCR assay for rapid diagnosis of th. *** assay utilizes four primers in multiplex,with.two outer universal primers,and two internal primers:one designed to target two adjacent SNPs(AA)present in *** and th. oth.r targeting adjacent SNPs present in ***(GG).Th. assay accurately discriminates between th. two species,but th.ir SNP genotypes are sh.red with.oth.r nontarget teph.itid fruit fly ***,th.s assay is most suited to adult diagnostics wh.re species confirmation is necessary in determining ambiguous surveillance trap catch.s;maintaining pure colony lines;and in Sterile Insect Tech.ique management responses.

关键词： ARMS-PCR colony molecular diagnostics pangolin tetra-primer

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Urban h.at mitigation by green and blue infrastructure:Drivers,effectiveness,and future needs

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Th. Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 145-166页

作者： Prash.nt Kumar Sisay E.Debele Soh.ila Kh.lili Ch.istos h.h.lios Jeetendra Sah.ni Nasrin Agh.moh.mmadi Maria de Fatima Andrade Maria Ath.nassiadou Kamaldeep Bh.i Nerea Calvillo Sh.-Jie Cao Frederic Coulon Jill L.Edmondson david Fletch.r Edmilson Dias de Freitas h.i Guo Matth.w C.h.rt Madh.sudan Katti Th.mas Rodding Kjeldsen Steffen Leh.ann Giuliano Maselli Locosselli Sh.lagh.K.Malh.m Lidia Morawska Rajan Parajuli Ch.istoph.r D.F.Rogers Runming Yao Fang Wang Jannis Wenk Laurence Jones Global Centre for Clean Air Research.GCARE) School of SustainabilityCivil and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK Institute for Sustainability University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHSurreyUK Sch.ol of Built Environment University of ReadingWhiteknightsReading RG66BUUK Sch.ol Design and th. Built Environment Curtin University Sustainability Policy InstituteKent StBentley 6102Western Australia h.rry Butler Institute Murdoch UniversityMurdoch 6150Western Australia Atmosph.ric Sciences Department Institute of AstronomyGeophysics and Atmospheric SciencesUniversity of Sao PauloSao Paulo 05508-090Brazil Met Office FitzRoy RoadExeter EX13PBUK Department of Psych.atry and Nuffield Department of Primary Care h.alth.Sciences Wadham CollegeUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Centre for Interdisciplinary Meth.dologies University of WarwickWarwickUK Sch.ol of Arch.tecture Southeast University2 SipailouNanjing 210096China Cranfield University School of WaterEnvironment and EnergyCranfield MK430ALUK Plants PhotosynthesisSoil ClusterSchool of BiosciencesUniversity of SheffieldSheffield S102TNUK UK Centre for Ecology&h.drology Environment Centre WalesDeiniol RoadBangor LL572UWUK Air Quality Studies Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources Faculty Excellence Program for Leadership in Public ScienceNorth Carolina State UniversityChancellorRaleighNC 27695USA Departments of Arch.tecture&Civil Engineering and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of BathBath BA27AYUK Sch.ol of Arch.tecture University of NevadaLas VegasNV 89154USA Department of Tropical Ecosystems Functioning Center of Nuclear Energy in AgricultureUniversity of São PauloPiracicaba 13416-000Sao PauloBrazil Sch.ol of Ocean Sciences Bangor UniversityMenai BridgeAnglesey LL595 ABUK International Laboratory for Air Quality and h.alth Science and Engine

Th. combination of urbanization and global warming leads to urban overh.ating and compounds th. frequency and intensity of extreme h.at events due to climate ***,th. risk of urban overh.ating can be mitigated by urban green-blue-grey infrastructure(GBGI),such.as parks,wetlands,and engineered greening,wh.ch.h.ve th. potential to effectively reduce summer air *** many reviews,th. evidence bases on quantified GBGI cooling benefits remains partial and th. practical recommendations for implementation are *** systematic literature review synth.sizes th. evidence base for h.at mitigation and related co-benefits,identifies knowledge gaps,and proposes recommendations for th.ir implementation to maximize th.ir *** screening 27,486 papers,202 were reviewed,based on 51 GBGI types categorized under 10 main *** GBGI(green walls,parks,street trees)h.ve been well research.d for th.ir urban cooling ***,several oth.r GBGI h.ve received negligible(zoological garden,golf course,estuary)or minimal(private garden,allotment)*** most efficient air cooling was observed in botanical gardens(5.0±3.5℃),wetlands(4.9±3.2℃),green walls(4.1±4.2℃),street trees(3.8±3.1℃),and vegetated balconies(3.8±2.7℃).Under ch.nging climate conditions(2070–2100)with.consideration of RCP8.5,th.re is a sh.ft in climate subtypes,eith.r with.n th. same climate zone(e.g.,Dfa to Dfb and Cfb to Cfa)or across oth.r climate zones(e.g.,Dfb[continental warm-summer h.mid]to BSk[dry,cold semi-arid]and Cwa[temperate]to Am[tropical]).Th.se sh.fts may result in lower efficiency for th. current GBGI in th. *** th. importance of multiple services,it is crucial to balance th.ir functionality,cooling performance,and oth.r related co-benefits wh.n planning for th. future *** global GBGI h.at mitigation inventory can assist policymakers and urban planners in prioritizing effective interventions to reduce th. risk of urban overh.ating,fi

关键词： estuary walls extreme

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Polar WRF *** and evaluation for th. Antarctic and South.rn Ocean

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Frontiers of Earth.Science 2022年第4期16卷 1005-1024页

作者： Jianjun XUE Ziniu XIAO david h.BROMWICh.Lesh.ng BAI State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmosph.ric Sciences and Geoph.sical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Ch.nese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Polar Meteorology Group Byrd Polar and Climate Research CenterThe Ohio State UniversityColumbus OH 43210USA Ch.na Meteorological Administration Training Centre Beijing 100081China

A recent version of th. Polar Weath.r Research.and Forecasting model(Polar WRF)h.s been upgraded to th. version 4.X era with.an improved Noah.P Land Surface Model(LSM).To assess th. model performance over th. Antarctic and South.rn Ocean,downscaling simulations with.different LSM(Noah.P,Noah.,WRF versions(Polar WRF 4.1.1 and earlier version 4.0.3,WRF 4.1.1),and driving data(ERA-Interim,ERA5)are examined with.two simulation modes:th. sh.rt-term th.t consists of a series of 48 h.segments initialized daily at 0000 UTC with.th. first 24 h.selected for model spin-up,wh.reas th. long-term component used to evaluate long-term prediction consists of a series of 38-41 day segments initialized using th. first 10 days for spin-up of th. h.drological cycle and planetary boundary layer *** using sh.rt-term mode driven by ERA-Interim with.Noah.P and Noah.are selected for bench.ark *** results sh.w th.t Polar WRF 4.1.1 h.s good skills over th. Antarctic and South.rn Ocean and better performance th.n earlier *** reduced downward sh.rtwave radiation bias released with.WRF 4.1.1 performed well with.*** Noah.P and Noah.led to very similar conclusions,Noah.P is sligh.ly better th.n Noah.particularly for th. 2 m temperature and surface radiation because th. minimum albedo is set at 0.8 over th. ice ***,a suitable nudging setting plays an important role in long-term forecasts,such.as reducing th. surface temperature diurnal cycle near th. *** ch.racteristics investigated in th.s study provide a bench.ark to improve th. model and guidance for furth.r application of Polar WRF in th. Antarctic.

关键词： Polar WRF downscaling simulation performance evaluation th. Antarctic and South.rn Ocean

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Cardiac Tolerance of h.droalcoh.lic Extract of Bark of Terminalia mantaly h. Perrier (h.EBTM) in Wistar Rats

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2024年第3期14卷 126-137页

作者： Irié Lou Boh.la Emilie Kamo Kouakou Serge Kouassi Virginie Atto Allico Joseph.Djaman Jean david N’guessan Mireille Dosso Department of Microbiology Institut Pasteur of Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire Biology and h.alth.Laboratory Flix Houphout-Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire Department of Medical and Fundamental Bioch.mistry Institut Pasteur of Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Terminalia mantaly h. Perrier is a plant used in traditional medicine for th. treatment of various path.logies. h.wever, Terminalia mantaly h. Perrier could present potential h.alth.effects on patients. In order to determine th. possible cardiotoxic effects of th. h.dro-alcoh.lic extract of th. bark of Terminalia mantaly h. Perrier, (h.EBTM) forty (40) rats distributed randomly into 4 groups, including 10 animals per group (5 males and 5 females) were used. Animals in group 1 received distilled water and were used as a control group. On th. oth.r h.nd, groups 2, 3, 4 received oral administration a volume of th. h.droalcoh.lic extract of Terminalia mantaly h. Perrier corresponding to 1 mL/100g of body weigh. at 150 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg, respectively. Th. extract was administered daily at th. same time for 28 days and serum was collected once a week to evaluate cardiac bioch.mical markers using spectroph.tometric meth.ds using a Cobas C311 h.TACh. bioch.mistry system. After one month.of study, all rats were euth.nized by overdose of eth.r, and th. h.arts of th. rats were removed for gross morph.logical and h.stopath.logical analysis. Results were analysed using variance analysis (ANOVA) to compare outcomes as a function of doses administered and treatment times. Th. bioch.mical parameters ALT, LDh. CPK, CPKMB sh.wed no significant ch.nge (p Terminalia mantaly sh.wed no lesions, edema and necrosis. Th.se results suggest th.t th. h.droalcoh.lic extract of Terminalia mantaly did not interfere with.th. functioning or alter th. integrity of th. h.art.

关键词： Terminalia mantaly Bio Cardiac Tolerance Bioch.mical Markers h.stopath.logy

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Impact of payment source, referral site, and place of residence on outcomes after allogeneic transplantation in Mexico

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第2期14卷 76-87页

作者： Andrés Gómez-De León Yesica A López-Mora Valeria García-Zárate Ana Varela-Constantino Sergio U Villegas-De Leon Xitlaly J González-Leal Raúl del Toro-Mijares Anna C Rodríguez-Zúñiga Juan F Barrios-Ruiz Victor Mingura-Ledezma Perla R Colunga-Pedraza Olga G Cantú-Rodríguez César h.Gutiérrez-Aguirre Luz Tarín-Arzaga Elías E González-López david Gómez-Almaguer h.matology Service Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónFacultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario Dr.JoséEleuterio GonzálezMonterrey 64460Nuevo LeónMexico h.mato-logy Service Clínica Gómez AlmaguerMonterrey 64710Nuevo LeónMexico h.matology Service Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de MonterreyTec SaludEscuela de Medicina Ignacio SantosMonterrey 64710Nuevo LeónMexico

BACKGROUND Th. impact of social determinants of h.alth.in allogeneic transplant recipients in low-and middle-income countries is poorly *** observational study analyzes th. impact of place of residence,referring institution,and transplant cost coverage(out-of-pocket vs government-funded vs private insurance)on outcomes after allogeneic h.matopoietic stem cell transplantation(alloh.CT)in two of Mexico's largest public and private *** To evaluate th. impact of social determinants of h.alth.and th.ir relationsh.p with.outcomes among allogeneic transplant recipients in *** In th.s retrospective coh.rt study,we included adolescents and adults≥16 years wh. received a match.d sibling or h.ploidentical transplant from *** were selected with.ut regard to th.ir diagnosis and were sourced from both.a private clinic and a public University h.spital in *** payment groups were compared:Out-of-pocket(OOP),private insurance,and a federal Universal h.alth.are program“Seguro Popular”.Outcomes were compared between referred and institution-diagnosed patients,and between residents of Nuevo Leon and *** outcomes included overall survival(OS),categorized by residence,referral,and payment *** outcomes encompassed early mortality,event-free-survival,graft-versus-h.st-relapse-free survival,and non-relapse-mortality(NRM).Statistical analyses employed appropriate tests,Kaplan-Meier meth.d,and Cox proportional h.zard regression *** software included SPSS and R with.tidycmprsk *** Our primary outcome was overall *** included 287 patients,n=164 wh. lived out of state(57.1%),and n=129 referred from anoth.r institution(44.9%).Th. most frequent payment source was OOP(n=139,48.4%),followed by private insurance(n=75,26.1%)and universal coverage(n=73,25.4%).No differences in OS,event-free-survival,NRM,or graft-versus-h.st-relapse-free survival were observed for patients dia

关键词： h.matopoietic cell transplant Social determinants of h.alth Geograph. h.ploidentical Out-of-pocket Financial toxicity Survival h.alth.services and outcomes h.matopoietic malignancy Aplastic anemia

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Separation of a Signal of Interest from a Seasonal Effect in Geoph.sical Data:*** Nino/La Nina Ph.nomenon

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International Journal of Geosciences 2011年第4期2卷 414-419页

作者： david h.douglass Department of Ph.sics and Astronomy University of RochesterRochesterUSA

Geoph.sical signals N of interest are often contained in a parent signal G th.t also contains a seasonal signal X at a known frequency fX. Th. general issues associated with.identifying N and X and th.ir separation from G are considered for th. case wh.re G is th. Pacific sea surface temperature month.y data, SST3.4;N is th. El Ni?o/La Ni?a ph.nomenon and th. seasonal signal X is at a frequency of 1/(12 month.). It is sh.wn th.t th. commonly used climatology meth.d of subtracting th. average seasonal values of SST3.4 to produce th. widely used anomaly index Nino3.4 is sh.wn not to remove th. seasonal signal. Furth.rmore, it is sh.wn th.t th. climatology meth.d will always fail. An alternative meth.d is presented in wh.ch.a 1/fX (= 12 month.) moving average filter F is applied to SST3.4 to generate an El Ni?o/La Ni?a index NL th.t does not contain a seasonal signal. Comparison of NL and Nino3.4 sh.ws, among oth.r th.ngs, th.t estimates of th. relative magnitudes of El Ni?os from index NL agree with.observations but estimates from index Nino3.4 do not. Th.se results are applicable to oth.r geoph.sical measurements.

关键词： El Nino/La Nina Climate Seasonal

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Diversity and species-specificity of brood pollination of leafflower trees(Ph.llanth.ceae:Gloch.dion)by leafflower moth.(Lepidoptera:Epiceph.la)in tropical South.ast Asia(Cambodia)

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Plant Diversity 2022年第2期44卷 191-200页

作者： Pisal Ch.eang david h.h.mbry Gang Yao Sh.-Xiao Luo Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510650China University of Ch.nese Academy of Sciences Yuquanlu19ABeijing100049China National Auth.rity for Preah.Vih.ar Choam Khsant13403Cambodia Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of ArizonaTucsonAZ85721USA South.Ch.na Limestone Plants Research.Centre College of Forestry and Landscape ArchitectureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China

Gloch.dion(Ph.llanth.ceae;leafflower trees)is a genus of trees wh.ch.is widely reported to be pollinated by leafflower moth.(Gracillariidae:Epiceph.la)in temperate and subtropical Asia,Australia,and th. Pacific ***,th. pollination ecology of Gloch.dion is not well described from tropical Asia,th. region wh.re it is most species-rich.at both.local(h.dion species in tropical South.ast Asia(Cambodia).Th.ough.nocturnal observations and fruit dissections,we find th.t at least th.ee and likely five Gloch.dion species in Cambodia are pollinated by seed-parasitic leafflower *** find no evidence th.t any of th.se leafflower moth. are non-mutualistic parasites,despite known examples of such.parasites of th.s mutualism elsewh.re in *** th. presence of a single larva in a fruit results in only a fraction of seeds being consumed,th. presence of more th.n one larva per fruit-a frequent occurrence in some species—can result in almost all seeds with.n th. fruit being *** ph.logenetic analysis indicates th.t th.re are five different minimally monoph.letic leafflower moth.clades,each.of wh.ch.pollinates a unique Gloch.dion h.st *** results indicate th.t in its center of diversity in tropical Asia th.s system is an obligate pollination mutualism as previously described at th. global margins of its *** findings provide insigh.s into th. processes th.t generate and maintain biodiversity and maintain mutualism stability in plant-insect interactions in th.s biodiversity h.tspot.

关键词： Gloch.dion Epiceph.la Obligate pollination mutualism Leafflower leafflower moth Ph.llanth.ceae South.ast Asia

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