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Hybrid LES/RANS Simulations of Compressible Flow in a Linear Cascade of Flat Blade Profiles

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第5期33卷 1839-1850页

作者： Jaromír PRIHODA Petr STRAKA david SIMURDA Petr SIDLOF Jan LEPICOVSKY Institute of Thermomechanics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Dolejskova 1402/518200 Prague 5Czech Republic Aerospace Research and Test Centre Beranovych 13019905 PragueCzech Republic Technical University of Liberec Faculty of MechatronicsStudentska 246117 Liberec 1Czech Republic

The paper reports on 3D numerical simulations of unsteady compressible airflow in a blade cascade consisting of flat profiles using a hybrid LES/RANS approach including a transition *** a first step towards simulation of blade flutter in turbomachinery,various incidence angle offsets of the middle blade were *** simulations were run for the flow regime characterized by outlet isentropic Mach number M_(is)=0.5and zero *** results of the LES/RANS simulations(pressure and Mach number distributions)were compared to a baseline RANS model,and to experimental data measured in a high-speed wind *** numerical results show that both methods overpredict flow separation taking place at the leading *** this regard,the hybrid LES/RANS method does not provide superior results compared to the traditional RANS ***,the LES/RANS results also capture vortex shedding from the blunt trailing *** frequency of the trailing edge vortex shedding in CFD simulations matches perfectly the spectral peak recorded during wind tunnel measurements.

关键词： numerical simulation blade cascade hybrid LES/RANS

A review of therapeutic agents for breast cancer with potentially radiosensitizing properties

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Radiation Medicine and Protection 2024年第2期5卷 75-82页

作者： Zhongwei Zhang david Lim Zhihui Feng Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine School of Public HealthCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China Centre for Improving Palliative Aged and Chronic Care Through Clinical Research and TranslationFaculty of HealthUniversity of Technology SydneyNSW2007Australia

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignant tumor in women worldwide and the leading cause of cancer *** for breast cancer is readily accepted and widely used in clinical *** limitations with radiotherapy include treatment resistance,side effects,and complications caused by high doses of *** search has been on to locate an efficacious *** review summarizes six currently approved pharmaceuticals that have also been investigated for off-label use as radiosensitizers in breast cancer.

关键词： Breast cancer Radiotherapy Radiosensitizer Therapeutic agents

Colon and rectal cancer:An emergent public health problem

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第7期30卷 644-651页

作者： Marina Pinheiro david Nascimento Moreira Michele Ghidini LAQV REQUIMTEDepartment of ChemistryFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of Porto4050-313 PortoPortugal Unidade de Saúde Pública Unidade Local de Saúde Barcelos/EsposendeBarcelinhos 4755-069BragaPortugal Medical Oncology Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilan 20122Italy

Colorectal cancer ranks third globally,with a high mortality *** the United States,and different countries in Europe,organized population screenings exist and include people between 50 and 74 years of *** screenings have allowed an early diagnosis and consequently an improvement in health *** and rectal cancer(CRC)is a disease of particular interest due to the high global burden associated with it and the role attributed to prevention and early diagnosis in reducing morbidity and *** study is a review of CRC pathology and includes the most recent scientific evidence regarding this pathology,as well as a diagnosis of the epidemiological situation of ***,the recommendation from a public health perspective will be discussed in detail taking into account the context and the most current recommendations.

关键词： Colon and rectal neoplasia Colon and rectal tumor Mortality Morbidity

Impact of cancer diagnosis on life expectancy by area-level socioeconomic groups in New South Wales, Australia: a population-based study

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第8期21卷 692-702页

作者： Md Mijanur Rahman Michael david david Goldsbury Karen Canfell Kou Kou Paramita Dasgupta Peter Baade Xue Qin Yu The Daffodil Centre The University of Sydney A Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSW School of Medicine and Dentistry Griffith University Cancer Council Queensland

Objective: Improvement in cancer survival over recent decades has not been accompanied by a narrowing of socioeconomic disparities. This study aimed to quantify the loss of life expectancy(LOLE) resulting from a cancer diagnosis and examine disparities in LOLE based on area-level socioeconomic status(SES).Methods: Data were collected for all people between 50 and 89 years of age who were diagnosed with cancer, registered in the NSW Cancer Registry between 2001 and 2019, and underwent mortality follow-up evaluations until December 2020. Flexible parametric survival models were fitted to estimate the LOLE by gender and area-level SES for 12 common ***: Of 422,680 people with cancer, 24% and 18% lived in the most and least disadvantaged areas, respectively. Patients from the most disadvantaged areas had a significantly greater average LOLE than patients from the least disadvantaged areas for cancers with high survival rates, including prostate [2.9 years(95% CI: 2.5±3.2 years) vs. 1.6 years(95% CI: 1.3±1.9 years)] and breast cancer [1.6 years(95% CI: 1.4±1.8 years) vs. 1.2 years(95% CI: 1.0±1.4 years)]. The highest average LOLE occurred in males residing in the most disadvantaged areas with pancreatic [16.5 years(95% CI: 16.1±16.8 years) vs. 16.2 years(95% CI: 15.7±16.7 years)] and liver cancer [15.5 years(95% CI: 15.0±16.0 years) vs. 14.7 years(95% CI: 14.0±15.5 years)]. Females residing in the least disadvantaged areas with thyroid cancer [0.9 years(95% CI: 0.4±1.4 years) vs. 0.6 years(95% CI: 0.2±1.0 years)] or melanoma [0.9 years(95% CI: 0.8±1.1 years) vs. 0.7 years(95% CI: 0.5±0.8 years)] had the lowest average ***: Patients from the most disadvantaged areas had the highest LOLE with SES-based differences greatest for patients diagnosed with cancer at an early stage or cancers with higher survival rates, suggesting the need to prioritise early detection and reduce treatment-related barriers and survivorship challenges to improve life expec

关键词： Cancer diagnosis area-level socioeconomic status flexible parametric model life expectancy loss of life expectancy

Mitochondrial recruitment in myelin:an anchor for myelin dynamics and plasticity?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1401-1402页

作者： Jean-david M.Gothié Timothy E.Kennedy Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery Montreal Neurological InstituteMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada

Optimal propagation of neuronal electrical impulses depends on the insulation of axons by myelin,produced in the central nervous system by *** is an extension of the oligodendrocyte plasma membrane,which wraps around an axon to form a compact multi-layered *** is composed of a substantially higher proportion of lipids compared to other biological membranes and enriched in a small number of specialized proteins.

关键词： plasticity insulation dynamics

Quantification of perfluorinated compounds in atmospheric particulate shows potential connection with environmental event

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 237-247页

作者： Hua Tang Ying Wang Shengling Si Hongli Li david Da Yong Chen National Institute of Metrology 18 BeisanhuandongluChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100029China School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Si Chuan Zhong Ce Biao Wu Technology Co.Ltd. Sichuan 610052China Department of Chemistry University of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z1BCCanada

A method of quantification of perfluorinated compounds(PFCs)from atmospheric particulate matter(APM)is described.A single step pretreatment method,selective pressurized liquid extraction(SPLE),was developed to reduce the high matrix background and avoid contamination from commonly used multiple sample pretreatment *** effective sorbent was selected to purify the PFCs during SPLE,followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC–MS/MS),for quantification of *** affecting the SPLE efficiency,including temperature,static extraction time,and number of extraction cycles used,were *** optimum conditions were found to be 120℃,10 min,and 3 cycles,***-MS/MS method was developed to obtain the optimal sensitivity specific to *** method detection limits(MDLs)were 0.006 to 0.48 ng/g for the PFCs studied and the linear response range was from 0.1 to 100 ng/*** ensure accurate values were obtained,each step of the experiment was evaluated and controlled to prevent *** optimized method was tested by performing spiking experiments in natural particulate matter matrices and good rates of recovery and reproducibility were obtained for all target ***,the method was successfully used to measure 16 PFCs in the APM samples collected in Beijing over five years from 2015 to *** is observed that some PFCs follow the trend of total PFC changes,and can be attributed to the environment influencing events and policy enforcement,while others don't seem to change as much with time of the year or from year to year.

关键词： Selective pressurized liquid extraction Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry Perfluorinated compounds Atmospheric particulate matter Pollution control

A combined experimental and DEM investigation of grain interlocking in sheared granular assemblies

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 436-451页

作者： Rui Lu Qiang Luo Tengfei Wang david P.Connolly Tao Xie School of Civil Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Key Laboratory of High-Speed Railway Engineering(Southwest Jiaotong University) Ministry of EducationChengdu 610031China School of Civil Engineering University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK Department of Civil Engineering McMaster UniversityHamiltonONCanada

Compacted granular material,integral to geotechnical engineering,undergoes translation,rotation,and interlocking when subject to shear displacements or external *** present study focuses on the interlocking of heterogeneous granular materials,a complex behavior influenced by gradation,compaction,and varying particle geometry,and has consequently received limited attention in existing *** address this research gap,we conducted an analysis on the effect of grain interlocking on the shear resistance of granular assemblies,using a combination of laboratory testing and the discrete element method(DEM).Initially,large-scale direct shear tests were conducted on gravel−sand mixes with varying degrees of compaction and normal *** of the mixes also underwent subsequent shear reversal to explore the differences in grain interlocking between the two shearing processes on the shear *** analyzing the laboratory results,a mesoscopic scale investigation was performed by replicating the test using discrete element *** facilitate this,granular particle geometries were measured using 3D laser scanning based on the physical lab ***,based on these scans,discrete element R-block and ball models were utilized to construct both the coarse and fine particles within the *** vibro-compaction was employed to regulate the degree of *** results indicate that an increase in vertical pressure,coupled with a zero dilatancy angle,results in a rising stress ratio,indicative of grain *** interlocking exhibits a positive correlation with both the coarse content and the degree of compaction,and varies depending on the shear *** interlocking progresses,the shear band,induced by particle movement,expands and is associated with reduced particle rotation near the shear *** study further reveals a consistent positive correlation between interlocking and the principal orientation angle of strong normal c

关键词： Granular material Interlocking Shear resistance Direct shear Discrete element method Vibro-compaction

Navigating the controversy regarding antibiotic prophylaxis in acute variceal bleeding

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第18期30卷 2485-2487页

作者： david Aguirre-Villarreal Ignacio García-Juárez Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Transplant Unit Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránMexico City 14080Mexico

Antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with cirrhosis and acute variceal bleeding is part of the standard of care according to most clinical ***,with recent evidence arguing against antibiotic prophylaxis,the role of this... 详细信息

关键词： Cirrhosis Acute variceal bleeding Antibiotic prophylaxis Endoscopic band ligation Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Design multifunctional Mg–Zr coatings regulating Mg alloy bioabsorption

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1461-1478页

作者： Zohra Benzarti Sandesh Itani Josédavid Castro Sandra Carvalho Ana Sofia Ramos University of Coimbra CEMMPREARISEDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringRua Luís Reis Santos3030-788CoimbraPortugal Laboratory of Multifunctional Materials and Applications(LaMMA) Department of PhysicsFaculty of Sciences of SfaxUniversity of SfaxSoukra Road km 3.5B.P.1171Sfax3000Tunisia

Magnesium(Mg)alloys are widely used for temporary bone implants due to their favorable biodegradability,cytocompatibility,hemocompatibility,and close mechanical properties to ***,rapid degradation and inadequate strength limit their *** overcome this,the direct current magnetron sputtering technique is employed for surface coating in Mg-based alloys using various zirconium(Zr)*** approach presents a promising strategy for simultaneously improving corrosion resistance,maintaining biocompatibility,and enhancing strength without compromising *** leveraging Mg’s inherent biodegradability,it has the potential to minimize the need for secondary surgeries,thereby reducing costs and *** paper is a systematic study aimed at understanding the corrosion mechanisms of Mg–Zr coatings,denoted Mg-xZr(x=0–5 at.%).Zr-doped coatings exhibited columnar growth leading to denser and refined structures with increasing Zr *** analysis confirmed the presence of the Mg(00.2)basal plane,shifting towards higher angles(1.15°)with 5 at.%Zr doping due to lattice parameter changes(i.e.,decrease and increase of“c”and“a”lattice parameters,respectively).Mg–Zr coatings exhibited“liquidphilic”behavior,while Young’s modulus retained a steady value around 80 GPa across all ***,the hardness has significantly improved across all samples’coating,reaching the highest value of(2.2±0.3)GPa for 5 at.%*** testing in simulated body fluid(SBF)at 37℃ revealed a significant enhancement in corrosion resistance for Mg–Zr coatings containing 1.0–3.4 at.%*** with the 5 at.%Zr coating which exhibited a corrosion rate of 32 mm/year,these coatings displayed lower corrosion rates,ranging from 1 to 12 mm/*** synergistic enhancement in mechanical properties and corrosion resistance,achieved with 2.0–3.4 at.%Zr,suggests potential ability for reducing stress shielding and controlled degradation performance,and consequentl

关键词： Mg-Zr coatings Magnetron sputtering Nanoindentation Corrosion resistance Bone implants