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extraction of Bitumen from Tar Sands Using Supercritical Fluid

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Extraction of Bitumen from Tar Sands Using Supercritical Flu...

鄱阳湖沙湖越冬白鹤的数量分布及其与食物和水深的关系

7th World Congress on Recovery, Recycling and Re-integration

作者： james Toth Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Washington 99352 United States of America

Oil sand deposits in North America contain some 1.3 trillion barrels of bitumen, of which approximately 250 billion barrels are considered potentially recoverable using current technology. However recovery of the non-polar organic compounds in the bitumen requires water as the working solvent. Over 4 barrels of water are required to recover 1 barrel of bitumen. This paper shows how supercritical fluid extraction of the bitumen may greatly reduce water consumption, thereby extending the useful life of aquifers.

关键词： bitumen, recovery, supercritical fluid extraction

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湿地科学 2013年第3期11卷 305-312页

作者：吴建东李凤山 james Burnham 江西鄱阳湖国家级自然保护区管理局江西南昌330038 International Crane Foundation Baraboo Wisconsin 53913 USA University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA

为了摸清白鹤（Grus leucogeranus）的食物刺苦草（Vallisneria spinulosa）的资源状况和水深对白鹤活动的影响，于1999~2010年期间，对在鄱阳湖国家级自然保护区沙湖越冬的白鹤数量分布及其与食物刺苦草块茎和水深的关系进行了研究。... 详细信息

为了摸清白鹤（Grus leucogeranus）的食物刺苦草（Vallisneria spinulosa）的资源状况和水深对白鹤活动的影响，于1999~2010年期间，对在鄱阳湖国家级自然保护区沙湖越冬的白鹤数量分布及其与食物刺苦草块茎和水深的关系进行了研究。在沙湖设置固定植物样线，每隔50～100m记录刺苦草及其块茎的数量和生物量，在视野能覆盖整个沙湖的制高点，定点观测白鹤的数量、分布和白鹤所处的水深。在这12a越冬期间，沙湖白鹤的多年总平均数量为46只，其中2002年、2006年和2009年冬季超过90只。11月至翌年1月是白鹤在沙湖比较稳定的时期，超过50只，其中12月是白鹤数量最多的月份，达到120只。白鹤在沙湖的中部偏南地带活动，北部和南端的数量很少。从栖息的植被带来看，白鹤几乎全部在以苦草（Vallisneria spp．）和眼子菜（Potamogeton spp．）为优势沉水植物的区域活动。沙湖刺苦草块茎的平均干重为5．92g／m2，2005年、2006年和2008年的干重接近或者超过12g／m2，2010年最少，仅为0．10g／m2。在1999-2010年期间，沙湖白鹤数量与刺苦草块茎干重不相关，隆冬12月至翌年1月的白鹤平均数量与刺苦草块茎干重的相关系数为r=0．231。在沙湖，有58．15％的白鹤在水深为5～27cm的环境中活动；其次，有30．63％的白鹤是在水深为40-45cm的环境中活动。而没有白鹤在旱地和水深及至腹部（46-50cm）的环境中活动。2010年鄱阳湖特大洪水对白鹤的影响比较大，发现有白鹤到草地上觅食的现象。

关键词：白鹤数量食物刺苦草水深鄱阳湖沙湖

Use of calendula cream balm to medicate the feet of diabetic patients:Case series

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2016年第1期3卷 102-112页

作者： S.e.Cioinac DATeR Dialysis Hospital Dialysis Center BentivoglioAUSL BolognaBolognaItaly

Introduction:Different products are used on the foot injuries of diabetic patients with more or less effective *** officinalis,which is used for its effective antihaemorrhagic properties,also known to the ancient Romans,who used it directly on injuries,is used as a topical anti-inflammatory,healing,and antiseptic treatment,although this is scarcely *** is no study in the literature to demonstrate the effectiveness of calendula cream in the prevention and cure of foot injuries on diabetic *** presentation:Bio Calendula,***,cream balm by Naturwaren was recommended to 4 patients diagnosed with diabetes and various injuries(micro traumas)on their lower and upper limbs,which showed all the signs and symptoms of ongoing infection:lesions with pus,swollen,red edges,localised heat,and *** cream was to be applied twice daily,after cleansing with very mild soaps or bath&shower gel,and warm water,WITHOUT rubbing the cleanser onto the *** cream was to be applied with a gentle massage,until fully absorbed,WITHOUT covering the *** is well known that incorrect treatment to even small foot injuries on diabetic patients can lead to serious complications,including infections that can in turn lead to ***:As shown in the photographs taken over different periods during the use of the cream balm,the results are excellent;the healing process is easy to see and the progress of the infection process has been blocked,reducing itching,redness,pain,dryness,the disappearance of various scars,regrowth of hair on the legs,no intolerance and great patient *** studies of RCTs(Random Trial Controls)could help clinics in understanding whether or not this cream is suitable for injured limbs to prevent the worsening of the infection which would in turn lead to suffering for the patient and increased healthcare costs.

关键词： Calendula officinalis Diabetic foot Medication

An Agenda for Reforming economic Theory

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Frontiers of economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2019年第2期14卷 149-167页

作者： Joseph e.Stiglitz Business School Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (Department of Economics) and School of International and Public AffairsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027USA The Roosevelt Institute

In this article, Nobel Prize Laureate Joseph Stiglitz argues that the standard macro-economic paradigm has failed not only to predict the crisis but also to provide insights into the design of a regulatory framework that would make a recurrence less likely. He points out that many of the underlying assumptions of the standard paradigm always seemed implausible and many of its predictions, such as those concerning the micro-economic behavior of the constituents (firms and households), are inconsistent with the empirical evidence. He then identifies a number of key modeling challenges, what he views as key ingredients that have to be incorporated in any model that is going to describe economic fluctuations or be the basis of a well-designed regulatory or monetary framework.

关键词： macro-economic models market failures financial crises systemic risk regulatory framework

estimating Chinese Trade Relationships with the Silk Road Countries

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China & World economy 2016年第1期24卷 85-103页

作者： e. Mine Cinar economist Department of Economics Loyola University Chicago USA

In this paper we discuss the extent to which countries in the Jormer Silk Roaa regions are either reaching or failing to reach their trading potential with China. We estimate a gravity model of trade using a Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood estimator, and estimate trade potential using in-sample, out-of-sample and counterfactual approaches. We compare trade potential using these three methods for Silk Road country trades with China. Next, we compare the estimated trade potential to actual trade, and find that most Silk Road countries are underperforming in their trade with China. However, trade performance against potential improved for most countries over the years 1990-2013. Our results suggest that China＇s former Silk Road trading partners have yet to realize the full potential benefits of China＇s economic growth but that the gap may be narrowing.

关键词： China gravity models of trade international trade Silk Road

Rapid Incoherent Control of A Simple Quantum System via Two-Step Optimization

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Rapid Incoherent Control of A Simple Quantum System via Two-...

Seasonal variation for the antidiabetic activity of Loranthus micranthus methanol extract

第二十七届中国控制会议

作者： Lam james Department of Mechanical engineering The University of Hong Kong

A rapid incoherent control scheme for driving a simple qubit system from an initial mixed state to an arbitrary target pure state is *** scheme consists of two main steps:rapid purification of the initial mixed state and time optimal transition from the conditional state to the target *** first step rapidly purifies the initial mixed state into an almost-pure state of the simple qubit system through continuous measurements and feedback control by the protocol proposed in Jacobs 2003 Physical Review A 67 030301（R） .The second step finds a set of suitable time optimal controls to drive the simple qubit system from the conditional state to the target *** switching time between the first step and the second step is determined by the expected purity and the resultant state is an almost-pure state with a high fidelity with the target *** rapid incoherent control scheme provides an alternative quantum engineering strategy for the rapid preparation of arbitrary pure states of a simple qubit system.

关键词： Incoherent control Qubit system Two-step optimization Rapid purification

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第3期3卷 196-199页

作者： Patience Ogoamaka Osadebe edwin Ogechukwu Omeje Philip Felix Uzor ernest Kenechukwu david Damian Chiedozie Obiorah Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Nigeria

Objective:To determine the season in which the eastern Nigeria mistletoe,Loranthus micranthus,parasitic on Persea americana possesses optimum antidiabetic activity and to determine the seasonal variation in the ***:The antidiabetic activities of the aqueous methanol extracts of the leaves of eastern Nigeria mistletoe,Loranthus micranthus, harvested in two seasons of the year,the onset of rainy season(April) and the peak of rainy season(July) were *** tests were carried out on six(6) groups(A-F) of alloxaninduced diabetic *** A and B received 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of the April sample extracts respectively while groups C and D received same doses of the July sample extracts. Group e and F which were the positive and negative controls received 10 mg/kg of glibenclamide and 2 ml/kg of 3%tween 20 *** blood glucose levels of the animals were monitored hourly with a glucometer for six *** phytochemical analysis of the plant extracts were also carried out by standard ***:The results showed that group A and B exhibited significant(Percentage reduction in the fasting blood sugar(FBS) level of the animals(38.9%and 39.2%respectively) with maximum reduction observed at the 5th and 6th hour respectively compared to glibenclamide(71.3%).Group C showed no significant (P>0.05) FBS reduction(15.9%) while group D exhibited highly significant(Peduction (47.5%) with the maximum reduction occurring after 6 *** phytochemical analysis of the crude methanol extracts revealed the presence of carbohydrates,glycosides,saponins, tannins,flavonoids,steroids,terpenoids,acidic compounds,resins and *** were present in different proportions in both ***:This study shows that there is a seasonal, dose-dependent variation in the chemical composition viz-a-viz the antidiabetic activity of the plant under *** activity is highest at the peak of the rainy season.

关键词： Antidiabetic activity Loranthus micranthus Methanol extract Phytochemical analysis Seasonal variation

Nonprecsion (Standard) Psychosocial Interventions for the Treatment of Mental Disorders

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2022年第4期24卷 457-473页

作者： Alan e.Kazdin Department of Psychology Yale UniversityNew HavenConnecticut06520-8205USA

Advances in precision treatment promise to greatly improve the extent to which therapies for mental disorders are better matched to patient *** the same,we need to ensure that more readily disseminable and available nonprecison treatments are further developed as *** treatments refer to standardized interven-tions that do not have to be individualized and are more readily *** for this call stems from the treatment gap,namely,the huge difference in the proportion of individuals who are in need of mental health services and who actually receive any form of *** prevalence rates for mental disorders worldwide are high and in low-,middle-,and high-income countries and the vast majority of individuals in need of services receive *** address the need,we need interventions that can reach large numbers of individuals and espe-cially target those individuals least likely to receive *** treatments that can be widely applied may be in a better position at present to reach people in need who otherwise receive no care.

关键词： Treatment of mental disorders nonprecision treatment closing the treatment gap

The Kazdin Method for Developing and Changing Behavior of Children and Adolescents

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2021年第4期23卷 429-442页

作者： Alan e.Kazdin Yale University New HavenConnecticut06517USA

The Kazdin Method is a version of parent management training in which parents are trained to alter the behaviors of their *** method draws on the principles and techniques of applied behavior *** techniques focus on antecedents(what comes before the behavior),behavior(crafting the precise behaviors one wishes to develop),and consequences(usually praise to increase the likelihood that the desired behaviors will be performed again).The key focus is repeated practice in changing parent and child *** article traces the evolution of my use of parent training to treat severe aggressive and antisocial behavior among clinically referred samples and also to help parents with the routine challenges of child *** supporting the effectiveness of the techniques are *** addition,the article discusses issues and myths that may be of concern with the approach such as the exclusive focus on behavior,the extent to which the effects endure,and the use of consequences to change *** are provide for parents and professionals for implementing the techniques and as well as for addressing topics of interest to parents in child and adolescent development.

关键词： Kazdin method changing parent child behavior