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Simultaneous vs staged treatment of urolithiasis in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2014年第11期2卷 698-704页

作者： Boyd R Viers Matthew K Tollefson david e Patterson Matthew T Gettman Amy e Krambeck Mayo Clinic Department of Urology Rochester MN 55902 United States

AIM: To assess the outcomes of men treated for urolithiasis at the time of radical ***: From 1991 to 2010, 22 patients were retrospectively identified who were treated simultaneously(n = 10) at radical prostatectomy, or(n = 12) within 120 d prior to prostatectomy, for urolithiasis. Clinical characteristics were reviewed including: type of prostatectomy and stone surgery, location and amount of stone burden, perioperative change in hemoglobin and creatinine, stent frequency, total hospital d, stone-free rates, additional stone procedures and complications. Long-term functional outcomes including stress urinary incontinence and bladder neck contracture were reported. Differences between cohorts(simultaneous vs staged treatment) were assessed. ReSULTS: Among men undergoing radical prostatectomy, primary stone procedures included 12 ureteroscopy, 6 shock wave lithotripsy, 2 open nephrolithotomyand 2 percutaneous nephrolithotomy. In staged shock wave lithotripsy there were 4 complications and 3 additional procedures vs 1(P = 0.5) and 0(P = 0.2) in the simultaneous cohort. Meanwhile in staged ureteroscopy there were 5 complications and 1 additional procedure vs 1(P = 0.2) and 1(P = 0.9) in the simultaneous cohort. Additional procedures for residual stones was greater among patients with asymptomatic upper tract calculi 3(60%) relative to patients with symptomatic stones 2(13%; P = 0.02). Likewise, patients with proximal or multiple calculi had a greater total hospital days 5.5 vs 4.1(P = 0.04), additional procedures 6 vs 0(P = 0.04) and lower stone-free rates 39% vs 89%(P = 0.02) relative to men with distal stones. Finally, there was no difference in the incidence of bladder neck contracture(P = 0.4) or stress urinary incontinence(P = 0.7) between ***: Ureteroscopic treatment of symptomatic distal urolithiasis at radical prostatectomy appears to be safe and efficacious with a low rate of adverse postoperative outcomes.

关键词： Urolithiasis Kidney stone Prostate cancer Radical prostatectomy

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The impact of height-adjustable desks and classroom prompts on classroom sitting time,social,and motivational factors among adolescents

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第1期12卷 97-105页

作者： Bronwyn Sudholz Ana Marıa Contardo Ayala Anna Timperio david W.Dunstan david e.Conroy Gavin Abbott Bernie Holland Lauren Arundell Jo Salmon Pomegranate Community Mental Health St John of God Social OutreachBallaratVIC 3350Australia Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition(IPAN) School of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesDeakin UniversityGeelongVIC 3128Australia Physical Activity Laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneVIC 3004Australia Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research Australian Catholic UniversityMelbourneVIC 3000Australia Department of Kinesiology Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60611USA The Australian Council for Health and Physical education and Recreation AbbotsfordVIC 3067Australia

Purpose:This quasi-experimental study examined the impact of height-adjustable desks in combination with prompts to break up prolonged sitting time during class time and identified social and motivational factors associated with breaking up sitting time among ***’perceptions of strategies were also ***:Over 17 weeks,1 classroom in a government secondary school in Melbourne,Australia,was equipped with 27 height-adjustable desks and prompts(posters and desk stickers)to break up classroom sitting *** received professional development in the use of the desks and *** group of adolescents(n=55)had 2-5 lessons/week using the height-adjustable desks in an intervention classroom,and a comparison group matched by year level and subject(n=50)was taught in traditional“seated”*** wore an activPAL monitor at baseline(T0),4 weeks(T1),and 17 weeks(T2)and completed a survey at T0 and *** teachers participated in interviews at *** sizes were calculated(d).Results:Linear mixed models found that,compared to the traditional“seated”classrooms,the adolescents in the intervention classroom had significantly lower sitting time(T1:-9.7 min/lesson,d=-0.96;T2:-6.7 min/lesson,d=-0.70)and time spent in sitting bouts>15 min(T2:-11.2 min/lesson,d=-0.62),and had significantly higher standing time(T1:7.3 min/lesson,d=0.84;T2:5.8 min/lesson,d=0.91),number of breaks from sitting(T1:1.3 breaks/lesson,d=0.49;T2:1.8 breaks/lesson,d=0.67),and stepping time(T1:2.5 min/lesson,d=0.66).Intervention classroom adolescents reported greater habit strength(d=0.58),self-efficacy for breaking up sitting time(d=0.75),and indicated that having a teacher/classmate remind them to stand as helpful(d=0.50).Conclusion:This intervention shows promise for targeting sitting behaviors in the classroom and indicates that incorporating social and motivational strategies may further enhance outcomes.

关键词： Adolescent School Sedentary behavior Sitting Standing

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Machine-learning informed prediction of high-entropy solid solution formation:Beyond the Hume-Rothery rules

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 1288-1295页

作者： Zongrui Pei Junqi Yin Jeffrey A.Hawk david e.Alman Michael C.Gao National energy Technology Laboratory AlbanyOR 97321USA ORISe 100 ORAU WayOak RidgeTN 37830USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN 37831USA Leidos Research Support Team AlbanyOR 97321USA

The empirical rules for the prediction of solid solution formation proposed so far in the literature usually have very compromised *** rules with seemingly good predictability were,however,tested using small data *** on an unprecedented large dataset containing 1252 multicomponent alloys,machine-learning methods showed that the formation of solid solutions can be very accurately predicted(93%).The machine-learning results help identify the most important features,such as molar volume,bulk modulus,and melting temperature.

关键词： temperature prediction alloys

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Understanding fluorine-free electrolytes via small-angle X-ray scattering

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2022年第7期31卷 340-346,I0009页

作者： Kun Qian Zhou Yu Yuzi Liu david J.Gosztola Randall e.Winans Lei Cheng Tao Li Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Northern Illinois UniversityDeKalbIL 60115USA Materials Science Division and Joint Center for energy Storage Research Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA X-ray Science Division and Joint Center for energy Storage Research Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA

Fluorine-free electrolytes have attracted great attention because of its low-cost and environmental friendliness. However, so far, little is known about the solution structures of these electrolytes. Here,we compare the solvation phenomenon of sodium tetraphenylborate(NaBPh_(4)) salt dissolved in organic solvents of propylene carbonate(PC), 1,2-dimethoxyethane(DMe), acetonitrile(ACN) and tetrahydrofuran(THF). Small-angle X-ray scattering(SAXS) reveals a unique two-peak structural feature in this saltconcentrated PC electrolyte, while solutions using other solvents only have one scattering *** dynamics(MD) simulations further reveal that there are anion-based clusters in addition to the short-range charge ordering in the concentrated NaBPh4/PC electrolyte. Raman spectroscopy confirms the existence of considerable contact ion pairs(CIPs). This work emphasizes the importance of global and local structural analysis, which will provide valuable clues for understanding the structureperformance relationship of electrolytes.

关键词： Fluorine-free electrolytes Sodium-ion batteries Small-angle X-ray scattering Solvation structures Sodium tetraphenylborate

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Prevalence of diverticulosis in recurrent Clostridium difficile infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第3期16卷 345-347页

作者： Michael J Lipp Odelya e Pagovich david Rabin Albert D Min Brett B Bernstein Division of Digestive Diseases Beth Israel Medical Center Division of Medicine Beth Israel Medical Center

AIM:To re-evaluate the theory that colonic diverticulosis is associated with relapse of Clostridium difficile associated disease (CDAD) in light of data suggesting increasing rates of CDAD infection and ***: Charts were reviewed for patients with recurrent CDAD who had also had a prior colonoscopy or flexible sigmoidoscopy. An age and gender matched control group was used to compare the prevalence of ***: Twenty-two patients met the study criteria, and the prevalence of diverticulosis in patients with CDAD relapse was 23% compared to 32% in age and sex matched controls (P=0.44). A significant proportion of patients with CDAD relapse had comorbidities associated with immune ***: Diverticulosis does not appear to be associated with CDAD relapse.

关键词： Clostridium diff icile Diverticulosis Relapse Immune suppression Clostridium difficile associated disease

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A systematic scoping review of study methodology for randomized controlled trials investigating probiotics in athletic and physically active populations

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 61-71页

作者： Alex e.Mohr david B.Pyne Geovana Silva Fogaça Leite Deborah Akins Jamie Pugh College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA Research Institute for Sport and exercise University of CanberraCanberraACT 2617Australia Laboratory of Functional Fermented Food Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo 05508-030Brazil Research Institute for Sport and exercise Sciences Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool L33AFUK

Background:The purported ergogenic and health effects of probiotics have been a topic of great intrigue among researchers,practitioners,and the lay public *** has also been an increased research focus within the realm of sports science and exercise medicine on the athletic gut ***,compared to other ergogenic aids and dietary supplements,probiotics present unique study *** objectives of this systematic scoping review were to identify and characterize study methodologies of randomized controlled trials investigating supplementation with probiotics in athletes and physically active ***:Four databases(MeDLINe,CINAHL,Cochrane CeNTRAL,and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)were searched for randomized controlled studies involving healthy athletes or physically active *** intervention with probiotics and inclusion of a control and/or placebo group were *** peer-reviewed articles in english were considered,and there were no date *** were extracted and presented in tabular form to detail study protocols,characteristics,and *** in randomized controlled trials was determined with the RoB 2.0 ***:A total of 45 studies were included in the review,with 35 using a parallel group design and 10 using a cross-over *** half the studies used a single probiotic and the other half a multi-strain *** probiotic dose ranged from 2×10^(8)to 1×10^(11)colony forming units daily,and the length of intervention was between 7 and 150 *** than half the studies directly assessed gastrointestinal symptoms,gut permeability,or the gut *** sex ratio of participants was heavily weighted toward males,and only 3 studies exclusively investigated ***-level adverse events were reported in only 2 studies,although the methodology of reporting varied *** risk of bias was generally low,although details on randomization were lacking in some s

关键词： exercise experimental methodology Gastrointestinal symptoms Gut microbiota Probiotic supplementation

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Cluster size distribution of cancer cells in blood using stopped-flow centrifugation along scale-matched gaps of a radially inclined rail

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2015年第1期1卷 97-105页

作者： Macdara Glynn Charles Nwankire Kate Lemass david J.Kinahan Jens Ducrée Biomedical Diagnostics Institute National Centre for Sensor ResearchSchool of Physical SciencesDublin City UniversityIreland

There is increasing evidence that,in addition to their presence,the propensity of circulating tumour cells to form multi-cellular clusters bears significant information about both cellular resistance to chemotherapy and overall *** present a novel two-stage,stopped-flow,continuous centrifugal sedimentation strategy to measure the size distributions of events(defined here as cells or clusters thereof)in a blood *** off-chip removal of red blood cells,healthy white blood cells are sequestered by *** purified events are then resolved along a radially inclined rail featuring a series of gaps with increasing width,each connected to a designated outer collection *** isolation of candidate events independent of targetspecific epitopes is successfully demonstrated for HL60(epCAM positive)and sk-mel28(epCAM negative)cells using identical protocols and *** propensity to form clusters was quantified for a number of cell lines,showing a negligible,moderate or elevated tendency towards cluster *** show that the occupancy distribution of the collection bins closely correlates with the range of cluster sizes intrinsic to the specific cell line.

关键词： centrifugal microfluidics lab-on-a-disc cancer diagnostics cellular clustering

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Soil fungal and prokaryotic community structure exhibits differential short-term responses to timber harvest in the Pacific Northwest

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Pedosphere 2020年第1期30卷 109-125页

作者： Rachel e.DANIeLSON Megan L.MCGINNIS Scott M.HOLUB david D.MYROLD Department of Crop and Soil Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallis OR 97331-7306(USA) United State Forest Service Helena-Lewis and Clark National Forest2880 Skyway DriveHelena MT 59602(USA) Weyerhaeuser Company PO Box 275Springfield OR 97477(USA) Department of Land Airand Water ResourcesUniversity of CaliforniaDavis CA 95616USA

Conventional clear-cut timber harvest is a widespread industrial practice across the Pacific Northwest;however,information regarding how these practices impact soil microbial community structure at the regional scale is *** evidence of consistent and substantial impact of harvest on soil microbial functional profiles across the region(despite a range of environmental conditions),the objective of this study was to determine the extent to which harvest also influences the structure of prokaryotic and fungal soil microbial communities,and how generalized these trends are throughout the geographic *** soil samples were collected one year before and after harvest across nine second-growth Douglas-fir forests in the Pacific *** community DNA was extracted from the soils,and high-throughput targeted gene sequencing of the 16 S r RNA gene for prokaryotes and the internal transcribed spacer(ITS)gene for fungi was *** diversity was consistently and significantly higher after harvest;it was moderately so for fungal communities(+14.6%),but only marginally so for prokaryotic communities(+2.0%).Similarly,on average,a greater proportion of the variation in the community structure of fungi(20.1%)at each site was associated with forest harvest compared to that of prokaryotes(13.2%).Overall,the greatest influence of timber harvest on soil microbial communities appeared to be a relative depletion of ectomycorrhizal fungi,with a concomitant enrichment of saprotrophic *** the short-term responses of soil microbial communities across the region,particularly those of tree root-associated symbionts,may aid our understanding of the role soil microbial communities play in ecological succession.

关键词： clear-cut Douglas-fir forest ectomycorrhizal fungi forest soil microbial community microbial diversity root-associated symbiont saprotrophic fungi

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Conversion of Solar energy to Fuels by Inorganic Heterogeneous Systems

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催化学报 2011年第6期32卷 879-890页

作者： Kimfung LI david MARTIN Department of Chemical engineering University College LondonTorrington PlaceLondonWC1E 7JEUK

Over the last several years,the need to find clean and renewable energy sources has increased rapidly because current fossil fuels will not only eventually be depleted,but their continuous combustion leads to a dramatic increase in the carbon dioxide amount in *** of the Sun's radiation can provide a solution to both *** fuel can be generated by using solar energy to split water,and liquid fuels can be produced via direct CO2 *** would create an essentially free carbon or at least carbon neutral energy *** this tutorial review,the current progress in fuels' generation directly driven by solar energy is *** mechanisms are discussed with suggestions for future research.

关键词：固体超强碱氧化钙硝酸钾氧化铝氧化锆氢氧化钾硝酸钙

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Cytoplasmic dynein-2： from molecules to human diseases

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Frontiers in Biology 2013年第1期8卷 119-126页

作者： Vidyalakshmi RAJAGOPALAN Jonathan P. D'AMICO david e. WILKeS Department of Biological Sciences Indiana University South Bend South Bend IN 46634-7111 USA

The dynein motor protein family is involved in a wide variety of functions in eukaryotic cells. The axonemal dynein class and cytoplasmic dynein-1 subclass have been well characterized. However, the cytoplasmic dynein-2 subclass of the family has only recently begun to be understood. We describe the entire dynein family but focus on cytoplasmic dynein-2. Dynein-2 consists of a heavy, an intermediate, a light intermediate, and a light chain. The complex appears to function primarily as the retrograde motor for intraflagellar transport. This process is important for the formation and maintenance of cilia and flagella. Additionally, dynein-2 has roles in the control of ciliary length and in non-ciliary functions. Mutations in the human dynein-2 heavy chain lead to cilia-related diseases.

关键词： cilia dynein flagella intraflagellar transport microtubule

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