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Asymptotic Marginal Tax Rate of Individual Income Tax in China

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Economic and Political Studies 2014年第2期2卷 121-138页

作者： ZHENYA LIU WU YANG david dickinson the School of Finance Renmin University of China he Department of Economics University of Birmingham the School of International Trade and Economics Central University of Finance and Economics of China the Department of Economics University of Birmingham

This paper examines the asymptotic marginal rate of individual income tax which maximizes China's social welfare through numerical simulation based on the elasticity of China's labor supply, income distribution and the social objectives of redistribution in accordance with the optimal direct taxation theory. Taking advantage of the optimal direct taxation model with consideration of the income effect, it comes to the conclusion that combined with China's reality, the asymptotic marginal rate of individual labor income tax in China should be between 35% and 40%.

关键词： reform of individual income tax asymptotic marginal tax rate optimal direct taxation theory

Erratum to:Analysis on the influence factors of Bitcoin’s price based on VEC model

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Financial Innovation 2017年第1期3卷 98-98,103页

Erratum After publication of the original article(Zhu et al.2017),the author has noticed some error with the figure citation in Results and Discussion section,under the title‘VEC model’and‘Impulse response function’.Details are as follows:(1)“Finally we test VEC stability condition,Fig.1 is the AR roots graph,and all the spots are in the unit circle so the model is stable.”

关键词： circle roots price

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患者需要知道什么样的药物信息?

英国医学杂志中文版 2004年第2期7卷 117-118页

作者： david dickinson D K Raynor James G Kennedy Silvia Bonaccorso Jeffrey L Sturchio 翟晓梅 Consumation 53 Hosack Road London SW17 7QW consultant in consumer information design Pharmacy Practice and Medicines Management Group University of LeedsLeeds LS2 9JT professor of pharmacy practice medicines and their users

提供和交换准确可靠的药物信息是医患关系的一部分,不过谁应该提供这些信息?我们邀请患者、临床医生和制药工业的代表来回答这个问题。

关键词：药物信息副作用注意事项眼药方法

Arabidopsis Kinesins HINKEL and TETRASPORE Act Redundantly to Control Cell Plate Expansion during Cytokinesis in the Male Gametophyte

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Molecular Plant 2008年第5期1卷 794-799页

作者： Sung-Aeong Oh Valerie Bourdon Madhumita Das 'Pal Hugh dickinson david Twell Department of Biology University of Leicester University Road Leicester LE1 7RH UK Department of Plant sciences University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OXl 3RB UK Present address: Division of Plant Biosciences Kyungpook National University Daegu 702-701 South Korea

Asymmetric cell division at pollen mitosis I （PMI） is required to specify the differential fate of the daughter vegetative and generative cells. Cytokinesis at PMI displays specialized features, and it has been suggested that there might be distinct molecular pathways underpinning different modes of cytokinesis in plants. Activation of the NACK- PQR MAP kinase signaling pathway, which is essential for somatic cell cytokinesis in tobacco, depends upon the NACK1 and NACK2 kinesin-related proteins. Their Arabidopsis orthologs, HINKEL （HIK） and TETRASPORE （TES）, were reported to be essential for cytokinesis in somatic cells and in microsporocytes, respectively. More recently, HIK and TES were shown to have a functionally redundant role in female gametophytic cytokinesis. We report here that HIK and TES are co-expressed in microspores and developing pollen, and, through analysis of microspore and pollen development in double heterozygore mutants, the occurrence of cell plate expansion defects during cytokinesis at PMI. The data demonstrate a functionally redundant role for HIKand TES in cell plate expansion during male gametophytic cytokinesis, extending the concept that different modes of cytokinesis are executed by a common signaling pathway, but reinforcing the individuality of gametophytic cytokinesis in its requirement for either TES or HIK.

关键词： HINKEL TETRASPORE HIK

Small RNA Pathways Are in the Angiosperm Male Present and Functional Gametophyte

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Molecular Plant 2009年第3期2卷 500-512页

作者： Robert Grant-Downton Said Hafidh david Twell Hugh G. dickinson Department of Plant Sciences South Parks Rd Oxford OX1 3RB UK Department of Biology University of Leicester University Road Leicester LE1 7RH UK

Small non-coding RNAs are essential for development of the sporophyte, the somatic diploid phase of flowering plants. They are integral to key cellular processes such as defense, generation of chromatin structure, and regulation of native gene expression. Surprisingly, very little is known of their presence and function in the male haploid phase of plant development （male gametophyte/pollen grain）, where dramatic cell fate changes leading to gametogenesis occur over just two mitotic divisions. We show that critical components of small RNA pathways are expressed throughout pollen development, but in a pattern that differs from the sporophyte. We also demonstrate that mature pollen accumulates a range of mature microRNAs, the class of small RNA most frequently involved in post-transcriptional regulation of endogenous gene expression. Significantly, these miRNAs cleave their target transcripts in developing pollen-a process that seemingly contributes to the purging of key regulatory transcripts from the mature pollen grain. Small RNAs are thus likely to make a hitherto unappreciated contribution to male gametophyte gene expression patterns, pollen development, and gametogenesis.

关键词： Pollen plant germline small RNA microRNA epigenetics

Reflections on a Science and Technology Agenda for 21st Century Disaster Risk Reduction Based on the Scientific Content of the 2016 UNISDR Science and Technology Conference on the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–203

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2016年第1期7卷 1-29页

作者： Amina Aitsi-Selmi Virginia Murray Chadia Wannous Chloe dickinson david Johnston Akiyuki Kawasaki Anne-Sophie Stevance Tiffany Yeung Public Health England the UNISDR Science and Technology Conference on the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 the UNISDR Scientific and Technical Advisory Group(STAG) United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction Joint Centre for Disaster Research GNS Science/Massey University University of Tokyo International Council for Science Hong Kong Jockey Club Disaster Preparedness and Response Institute Overseas Training Fellow

The first international conference for the post-2015 United Nations landmark agreements(Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030, Sustainable Development Goals, and Paris Agreement on Climate Change) was held in January 2016 to discuss the role of science and technology in implementing the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030. The UNISDR Science and Technology Conference on the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 aimed to discuss and endorse plans that maximize science's contribution to reducing disaster risks and losses in the coming 15 years and bring together the diversity of stakeholders producing and using disaster risk reduction(DRR) science and technology. This article describes the evolution of the role of science and technology in the policy process building up to the Sendai Framework adoption that resulted in an unprecedented emphasis on science in the text agreed on by 187 United Nations member states in March 2015 and endorsed by the United Nations General Assembly in June 2015. Contributions assembled by the Conference Organizing Committee and teams including the conference concept notes and the conference discussions that involved a broad range of scientists and decision makers are summarized in this article. The conference emphasized how partnerships and networks can advance multidisciplinary research and bring together science, policy, and practice; how disaster risk is understood, and how risks are assessed and early warning systems are designed; what data, standards, and innovative practices would be needed to measure and report on risk reduction; what research and capacity gaps exist and how difficulties in creating and using science for effective DRR can be overcome. The Science and Technology Conference achieved two main outcomes:(1) initiating the UNISDR Science and Technology Partnership for the implementation of the Sendai Framework; and(2) generating discussion and agre

关键词： Disaster risk reduction Sendai Framework implementation Science and Technology Conference Science-policy interface

Cold adaptation does not alter ATP homeostasis during cold exposure in Drosophila melanogaster

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第4期13卷 471-481页

作者： Caroline M.WILLIAMS James R.ROCCA Arthur S.EDISON david B.ALLISON Theodore J.MORGAN Daniel A.HAHN Department of Integrative Biology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA Departments of Entomology and Nematology University of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA Biochemistry University of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Facility McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA Departments of Genetics and Biochemistry Complex Carbohydrate Research CenterUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthIndiana University BloomingtonBloomingtonIndianaUSA Division of Biology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA

In insects and other ectotherms,cold temperatures cause a coma resulting from loss of neuromuscular function,during which ionic and metabolic homeostasis are progressively *** adaptation improves homeostasis during cold exposure,but the ultimate targets of selection are still an open *** acclimation and adaptation remodels mitochondrial metabolism in insects,suggesting that aerobic energy production during cold exposure could be a target of ***,we test the hypothesis that cold adaptation improves the ability to maintain rates of aerobic energy production during cold exposure by using^(31)P NMR on live *** lines of Drosophila melanogaster artificially selected for fast and slow recovery from a cold coma,we show that cold exposure does not lower ATP levels and that cold adaptation does not alter aerobic ATP production during cold ***-hardy and cold-susceptible lines both experienced a brief transition to anaerobic metabolism during cooling,but this was rapidly reversed during cold exposure,suggesting that oxidative phosphorylation was sufficient to meet energy demands below the critical thermal minimum,even in cold-susceptible *** thus reject the hypothesis that performance under mild low temperatures is set by aerobic ATP supply limitations in ***,excluding oxygen and capacity limitation as a weak link in energy *** work suggests that the modulations to mitochondrial metabolism resulting from cold acclimation or adaptation may arise from selection on a biosynthetic product(s)of those pathways rather than selection on ATP supply during cold exposure.

关键词： chill coma energetics insect oxygen limitation thermal tolerance

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细胞内可控过氧化氢的产生和荧光成像

细胞内可控过氧化氢的产生和荧光成像

A Nonlinear Electrical Resonator as a Simple Touch-Sensitive Switch with Memory

中国光学学会2011年学术大会

作者：郭亨长 Hossein Aleyasin Scott Howard Bryan C dickinson Renee Haskew-Layton Demirhan Kobat Vivian S Lin david Rivera Christopher J Chang Rajiv R Ratan 许春辉 Burke Medical Research Institute Weill Medical College of Cornell University785 Mamaroneck AvenueWhite Plains School of Applied Physics & Engineering Cornell UniversityIthaca Department of Chemistry University of CaliforniaBerkeley Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of CaliforniaBerkeley School of Applied Physics & Engineering Cornell University

过氧化氢(H2O2)在过去一直被认为是以氧气为代谢的生物产生的有害物质,H2O2导致的氧化应激与衰老、肿瘤、糖尿病等多种疾病的病理有关1-4。近几年的研究发现,H2O2作为细胞内第二信使对生理学和病理学的研究都起着重要作用1,2。适量的H2O... 详细信息

过氧化氢(H2O2)在过去一直被认为是以氧气为代谢的生物产生的有害物质,H2O2导致的氧化应激与衰老、肿瘤、糖尿病等多种疾病的病理有关1-4。近几年的研究发现,H2O2作为细胞内第二信使对生理学和病理学的研究都起着重要作用1,2。适量的H2O2能激发细胞信号传导,从而有助于细胞生长和增殖、伤口修复、神经保护和血管功能的调节等。

关键词：活性氧过氧化氢氧化应激双光子荧光成像

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Circuits and Systems 2013年第1期4卷 1-5页

作者： Lars Q. English Mauro david Lifschitz Sunil Acharya a.t.Q Services LLC Carlisle USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Dickinson College Carlisle USA

We introduce a novel switching mechanism that relies on the bistability of a simple nonlinear electrical resonator which incorporates a varactor diode as its capacitive element. The switching action can be made fast and is self-contained in that no further circuitry is necessary. Unlike a flip-flop, whose state is flipped by applying a TTL pulse, this nonlinear switch can be engaged external to the circuit via magnetic, inductive or capacitive coupling;in this way, the switch becomes intrinsically touch-sensitive. Alternatively, the switching action can also be accomplished using frequency-shift-keying (FSK) modulation, which holds the promise of fast manipulation of the memory state. We demonstrate the potential application of these ideas by constructing a touch-sensitive LED lattice.

关键词： Nonlinear Switch Electrical Resonator Bistability Touch Sensitivity