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The Land- Potential Knowledge System (LandPKS): mobile apps and collaboration for optimizing climate change investments

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2016年第3期2卷 31-38页

作者： Jeffrey E.Herrick Adam Beh Edmundo Barrios Ioana Bouvier Marina Coetzee david dent Emile Elias Tomislav Hengl Jason W.Karl Hanspeter Liniger John Matuszak Jason CNeff Lilian Wangui Ndungu Michael Obersteiner Keith D.Shepherd Kevin C.Urama Rik van den Bosch Nicholas P.Webb U.S.Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service New Mexico State UniversityJornada Experimental Range MSC 3JERBox 30003Las CrucesNew Mexico 88003-8003 USA World Agroforestry Centre United Nations AvenueGigiriP.O.Box 30677Nairobi00100Kenya U.S.Agency for International Development 3014th StreetSW SA-44(Rm 848)WashingtonD.C.20024 USA Namibia University of Science and Technology 13 Storch StreetPrivate Bag 13388WindhoekNamibia Merchants of Light Ltd Forncett EndNorfolkEngland ISRIC-World Soil information Droevendaalsesteeg 36708PB WageningenThe Netherlands Center for the development and Environment University of BernHallerstrasse 103012BernSwitzerland U.S.Department of State/OES 2201 C St.NWWashingtonD.C.20520USA Environmental Studies Program University of Colorado at BoulderCampus Box 397BoulderColorado 80309 USA RCMRD SERVIR-Eastern&Southern AfricaP.O.Box 63200618 RuarakaNairobiKenya International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Schlossplatz 1 A-2361LaxenburgAustria African Development Bank Avenue Jean-Paul II01 BP 1387Abidjan 01Côte d’Ivoire

Massive investments in climate change mitigation and adaptation are projected during coming *** of these investments will seek to modify how land is *** return on both types of investments can be increased through an understanding of land potential:the potential of the land to support primary production and ecosystem services,and its resilience.A Land-Potential Knowledge System(LandPKS)is being developed and implemented to provide individual users with point-based estimates of land potential based on the integration of simple,geo-tagged user inputs with cloud-based information and *** system will rely on mobile phones for knowledge and information exchange,and use cloud computing to integrate,interpret,and access relevant knowledge and information,including local knowledge about land with similar *** system will initially provide management options based on long-term land potential,which depends on climate,to-pography,and relatively static soil properties,such as soil texture,depth,and *** mod-ules will provide more specific management information based on the status of relatively dynamic soil properties such as organic matter and nutrient content,and of *** paper includes a discus-sion of how this system can be used to help distinguish between meteorological and edaphic drought.

关键词： agriculture analytics crowdsourcing expert systems extension knowledge management land evaluation land-use planning mobile apps sustainability sustainable land management

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Improved Pregnancy Outcomes in a Prospective Study of Pregnant Women Enrolling in an Antenatal Clinic in Western Kenya

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Health 2014年第19期6卷 2651-2656页

作者： Ibrahim I. Daud Fredrick O. Opinya david Midem Moses Kigani Elizabeth A. Bukusi Zipporah Ng’ang’a Peter O. Sumba Arlene dent Rosemary Rochford Center for Global Health Research Kenya Medical Research Institute Kisumu Kenya College of Health Sciences Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya Chulaimbo Sub-District Hospital Kisumu Kenya Center for Microbiology Research Kenya Medical Research Institute Nairobi Kenya Center for Global Health and Diseases Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology SUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse NY USA

In areas of sub-Saharan Africa where malaria is endemic, pregnant women are at a greater risk of malaria than non-pregnant women leading to significant adverse consequences including anemia, intrauterine growth retardation, low birth weight (LBW), and pre-term delivery. The Kenya Ministry of Health adopted Intermittent Preventive Treatment (IPT) and use of insecticide-treated nets (ITN) as a National strategy for malaria prevention in pregnancy. In this report, we evaluated the prevalence of malaria, the anthropometric measures of birth outcomes and the reasons for loss to follow up among pregnant women participating in an ongoing cohort study in Western Kenya. A total of 175 HIV-negative pregnant women enrolled at antenatal clinic of Chulaimbo sub-District hospital were longitudinally evaluated in a monthly follow-up visits through antenatal visits (up to 4 per mother) and delivery. Thirty three percent and 15% of the pregnant women were malaria positive by real-time quantitative (Q)-PCR and microscopy respectively at enrolment, while 54% and 23% of the pregnant women had malaria by Q-PCR and microscopy respectively at any time during follow-up. Of the enrolled study participants, 65% delivered at Chulaimbo hospital. Overall, 39% (69) of the pregnant women were lost to follow-up. The major reasons for loss to follow up were relocation from the study area (26%) and delivery at alternative health facilities (25%). The mean birth weight of the newborn infants was 3202 g (range, 2000 g - 4000 g). Only 5.3% of the infants weighed less than 2500 g (low birth weight). The mean head circumference was 34 cm (range, 30 cm - 39 cm) with mean Apgar score (at 10 minutes) ± S.D. of 9.8 ± 0.97. In conclusion, we observed decreased adverse pregnancy outcomes among our study population. We recommend a larger study of all pregnant women attending the Chulaimbo hospital so as to assess whether effectiveness of malaria and anemia control programs lead to improved birth outcomes.

关键词： Pregnancy Birth Outcomes Malaria Kenya

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迁移的雪旺细胞指导周围神经桥内的轴突再生

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神经损伤与功能重建 2021年第9期16卷 F0003-F0003页

作者： Qing Min david B Parkinson Xin-Peng Dun 杜一星(编译) School of Pharmacy Hubei University of Science and TechnologyXianningHubei ProvincePeople's Republic of China Peninsula Medical School Faculty of HealthPlymouth UniversityPlymouthDevonUK The Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvincePeople's Republic of China 不详

周围神经系统内的雪旺细胞具有强大的再生潜力。目前的研究表明,周围神经相关的雪旺细胞具有促进多种组织修复的能力,包括周围神经间隙桥接、皮肤伤口愈合、指尖修复以及牙齿再生。专门修复的雪旺细胞的关键特征之一是它们变得高度能动... 详细信息

周围神经系统内的雪旺细胞具有强大的再生潜力。目前的研究表明,周围神经相关的雪旺细胞具有促进多种组织修复的能力,包括周围神经间隙桥接、皮肤伤口愈合、指尖修复以及牙齿再生。专门修复的雪旺细胞的关键特征之一是它们变得高度能动。它们不仅迁移到受损组织区域,成为组织再生的关键组成部分,还分泌信号分子来吸引巨噬细胞,支持神经元存活,促进轴突再生,激活局部间充质干细胞,并与其他细胞类型相互作用。目前,迁移性雪旺细胞在组织再生中的重要性在周围神经横断损伤的情况证据最为充分。神经横断后,来自近端和远端神经残端的雪旺氏细胞均迁移到神经桥中并形成雪旺细胞索以引导轴突再生。神经桥中雪旺细胞索的形成是横断损伤后周围神经成功修复的关键。本篇综述首先探讨了神经桥的形成以及神经桥中雪旺细胞迁移的行为,然后讨论迁移的雪旺细胞如何将再生轴突引导到远端神经中。我们还回顾了目前对可激活雪旺细胞迁移的信号以及雪旺细胞用于指导轴突再生的信号的理解。了解雪旺细胞迁移的分子机制可能为周围神经修复提供新的治疗策略。

关键词：轴突再生迁移神经桥雪旺细胞信号横断损伤

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