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Quantification of perfluorinated compounds in atmospheric particulate shows potential connection with environmental event

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 237-247页

作者： Hua Tang ying Wang Shengling Si Hongli Li david da yong chen National Institute of Metrology 18 BeisanhuandongluChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100029China School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Si Chuan Zhong Ce Biao Wu Technology Co.Ltd. Sichuan 610052China department of Chemistry University of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z1BCCanada

A method of quantification of perfluorinated compounds(PFCs)from atmospheric particulate matter(APM)is described.A single step pretreatment method,selective pressurized liquid extraction(SPLE),was developed to reduce the high matrix background and avoid contamination from commonly used multiple sample pretreatment steps.An effective sorbent was selected to purify the PFCs during SPLE,followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC–MS/MS),for quantification of PFCs.Conditions affecting the SPLE efficiency,including temperature,static extraction time,and number of extraction cycles used,were studied.The optimum conditions were found to be 120℃,10 min,and 3 cycles,respectively.LC-MS/MS method was developed to obtain the optimal sensitivity specific to PFCs.The method detection limits(MdLs)were 0.006 to 0.48 ng/g for the PFCs studied and the linear response range was from 0.1 to 100 ng/g.To ensure accurate values were obtained,each step of the experiment was evaluated and controlled to prevent contamination.The optimized method was tested by performing spiking experiments in natural particulate matter matrices and good rates of recovery and reproducibility were obtained for all target compounds.Finally,the method was successfully used to measure 16 PFCs in the APM samples collected in Beijing over five years from 2015 to 2019.It is observed that some PFCs follow the trend of total PFC changes,and can be attributed to the environment influencing events and policy enforcement,while others don't seem to change as much with time of the year or from year to year.

关键词： Selective pressurized liquid extraction Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry Perfluorinated compounds Atmospheric particulate matter Pollution control

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Potential of capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry for the characterization and monitoring of amine-derivatized naphthenic acids from oil sands process-affected water

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第11期28卷 203-212页

作者： Matthew S.MacLennan Cai Tie Kevin Kovalchik Kerry M.Peru Xinxiang Zhang John V.Headley david d.y.chen department of Chemistry University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada. State Key Laboratory of Bioactiue Substance and Function of Natural Medicines Institute of Materia Medica Peking Union Medical College &Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing 100050 China Water Science and Technology directorate Science and Technology Branch Environment and Climate Change Canada SaskatoonSK S7N 3H5 Canada College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry（CE–MS） was used for the analysis of naphthenic acid fraction compounds（NAFCs） of oil sands process-affected water（OSPW）. A standard mixture of amine-derivatized naphthenic acids is injected directly onto the CE column and analyzed by CE–MS in less than 15 min. Time of flight MS analysis（TOFMS）, optimized for high molecular weight ions, showed NAFCs between 250 and 800 m/z. With a quadrupole mass analyzer, only low-molecular weight NAFCs（between 100 and 450 m/z） are visible under our experimental conditions. derivatization of NAFCs consisted of two-step amidation reactions mediated by 1-ethyl-3-（3-dimethylaminopropyl）carbodiimide（EdC）, or mediated by a mixture of EdC and N-hydroxysuccinimide, in dimethyl sulfoxide, dichloromethane or ethyl acetate. The optimum background electrolyte composition was determined to be 30%（V/V） methanol in water and 2%（V/V） formic acid. NAFCs extracted from OSPW in the Athabasca oil sands region were used to demonstrate the feasibility of CE–MS for the analysis of NAFCs in environmental samples, showing that the labeled naphthenic acids are in the mass range of 350 to 1500 m/z.

关键词： Capillary electrophoresis Mass spectrometry Electrospray ionization Carbodiimide Oil sands process-affected water Naphthenic acids

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The anti-inflammatory effects of exercise on autoimmune diseases:A 20-year systematic review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 353-367,I0001页

作者： Beibei Luo dao Xiang Xiaorong Ji Xuan chen Rui Li Shuxin Zhang yujun Meng david C.Nieman Peijie chen School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Human Performance Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China department of diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Naval Medical CenterShanghai 200433China National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Human Performance Laboratory Appalachian State UniversityNorth Carolina Research CampusKannapolisNC 28081USA Research Institute for doping Control Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

Background:The anti-inflammatory effect of exercise may be an underlying factor in improving several autoimmune diseases.The aim of this systematic review was to examine the evidence on the role of exercise training in mitigating inflammation in adolescents and adults with autoimmune disease.Methods:PubMed,Web of Science,and Embase databases were systematically reviewed for related studies published between January 1,2003,and August 31,2023.All randomized and non-randomized controlled trials of exercise interventions with autoimmune disease study participants that evaluated inflammation-related biomarkers were included.The quality of evidence was assessed using the Tool for the assEssment of Study qualiTy and reporting in EXercise scale and Cochrane bias risk tool.Results:A total of 14,565 records were identified.After screening the titles,abstracts,and full texts,87 were eligible for the systematic review.These studies were conducted in 25 different countries and included a total of 2779 participants(patients with autoimmune disease,in exercise or control groups).Overall,the evidence suggests that inflammation-related markers such as C-reactive protein,interleukin 6,and tumor necrosis factor a were reduced by regular exercise interventions.Regular exercise interventions combined with multiple exercise modes were associated with greater benefits.Conclusion:Regular exercise training by patients with autoimmune disease exerts an anti-inflammatory influence.This systematic review provides support for the promotion and development of clinical exercise intervention programs for patients with autoimmune disease.Most patients with autoimmune disease can safely adopt moderate exercise training protocols,but changes in inflammation biomarkers will be modest at best.Acute exercise interventions are ineffective or even modestly but transiently pro-inflammatory.

关键词： Autoimmune diseases Cytokines Inflammation Physical activity Training

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Interface optimization and defects suppression via Na F introduction enable efficient flexible Sb_(2)Se_(3) thin-film solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 165-175,I0006页

作者： Mingdong chen Muhammad Ishaq donglou Ren Hongli Ma Zhenghua Su Ping Fan david Le Coq Xianghua Zhang Guangxing Liang Shuo chen Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong ProvinceCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060GuangdongChina State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and MaterialsSchool of ResourcesEnvironment and MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004GuangxiChina CNRS ISCR(Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)UMR 6226Universitéde RennesRennes F-35000France

Sb_(2)Se_(3) with unique one-dimensional(1d) crystal structure exhibits exceptional deformation tolerance,demonstrating great application potential in flexible devices.However,the power conversion efficiency(PCE) of flexible Sb_(2)Se_(3) photovoltaic devices is temporarily limited by the complicated intrinsic defects and the undesirable contact interfaces.Herein,a high-quality Sb_(2)Se_(3) absorber layer with large crystal grains and benign [hkl] growth orientation can be first prepared on a Mo foil substrate.Then NaF intermediate layer is introduced between Mo and Sb_(2)Se_(3),which can further optimize the growth of Sb_(2)Se_(3)thin film.Moreover,positive Na ion diffusion enables it to dramatically lower barrier height at the back contact interface and passivate harmful defects at both bulk and heterojunction.As a result,the champion substrate structured Mo-foil/Mo/NaF/Sb_(2)Se_(3)/CdS/ITO/Ag flexible thin-film solar cell delivers an obviously higher efficiency of 8.03% and a record open-circuit voltage(V_(OC)) of 0.492 V.This flexible Sb_(2)Se_(3) device also exhibits excellent stability and flexibility to stand large bending radius and multiple bending times,as well as superior weak light photo-response with derived efficiency of 12.60%.This work presents an effective strategy to enhance the flexible Sb_(2)Se_(3) device performance and expand its potential photovoltaic applications.

关键词： Sb_(2)Se_(3) Flexible solar cells NaF intermediate layer Interface optimization defects suppression

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Geometric prior guided hybrid deep neural network for facial beauty analysis

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第2期9卷 467-480页

作者： Tianhao Peng Mu Li Fangmei chen yong Xu david Zhang The School of Computer Science and Technology Guizhou UniversityGuiyangChina department of Automation Moutai InstituteRenhuaiGuizhouChina The School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhenShenzhenChina The Information and Communication Engineering department Dalian Minzu UniversityDalianChina The School of data Science The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenShenzhenChina

Facial beauty analysis is an important topic in human society.It may be used as a guidance for face beautification applications such as cosmetic surgery.deep neural networks(dNNs)have recently been adopted for facial beauty analysis and have achieved remarkable performance.However,most existing dNN-based models regard facial beauty analysis as a normal classification task.They ignore important prior knowledge in traditional machine learning models which illustrate the significant contribution of the geometric features in facial beauty analysis.To be specific,landmarks of the whole face and facial organs are introduced to extract geometric features to make the decision.Inspired by this,we introduce a novel dual-branch network for facial beauty analysis:one branch takes the Swin Transformer as the backbone to model the full face and global patterns,and another branch focuses on the masked facial organs with the residual network to model the local patterns of certain facial parts.Additionally,the designed multi-scale feature fusion module can further facilitate our network to learn complementary semantic information between the two branches.In model optimisation,we propose a hybrid loss function,where especially geometric regulation is introduced by regressing the facial landmarks and it can force the extracted features to convey facial geometric features.Experiments performed on the SCUT-FBP5500 dataset and the SCUT-FBP dataset demonstrate that our model outperforms the state-of-the-art convolutional neural networks models,which proves the effectiveness of the proposed geometric regularisation and dual-branch structure with the hybrid network.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first study to introduce a Vision Transformer into the facial beauty analysis task.

关键词： deep neural networks face analysis face biometrics image analysis

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Barosinusitis due to routine weather changes:A cross-sectional analysis of public websites

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 18-23页

作者： James C.Campbell Julia E.Canick Philip G.chen Ralph Abi Hachem david W.Jang department of Head and Neck Surgery&Communication Sciences Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA duke University School of Medicine DurhamNorth CarolinaUSA department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Texas Health Science Center San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA

Background:Sinusitis is a common diagnosis that can be erroneously associated with routine weather‐related barometric pressure changes.In actuality,these pressure changes likely exacerbate migraine headaches,which can cause facial pain and pressure rather than true sinus inflammation.Objective:The present study sought to characterize the representation of both sinusitis and migraine in association with barometric pressure changes across websites on the Internet.Methods:An Internet search for relevant terms was conducted,and content of the resulting pages was assessed for associations between weather‐related pressure changes and either sinusitis or migraine.Variations in reported results across different subtypes of Internet sources were analyzed.The primary outcomes measured were(1)whether a given media source associated barometric weather changes with sinusitis,(2)whether that source associated barometric weather changes with migraine,and(3)treatment options offered by that source.Results:Of the 116 included webpages,36(31.03%)associated sinusitis and routine barometric pressure changes.Of these,10(27.77%)were otolaryngology practice sites.Sixty‐seven webpages(57.76%)associated migraine and routine barometric pressure changes.Of these,nonotolaryngology webpages were more likely to report this link.Conclusions:Otolaryngology practice sites were observed to be the most frequent professional medical resource reporting the unsubstantiated claim that routine barometric pressure changes are associated with sinusitis.Nonotolaryngology sources were more likely to link weather‐related pressure changes to migraine.These results suggest that opportunities exist for otolaryngology practice sites to educate patients about nonrhinogenic headache etiologies.

关键词： acute rhinosinusitis balloon sinus dilation headache migraine sinusitis

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毛细管电泳结合电喷雾质谱分析人类癌基因c-myb四链体核酸与活性天然产物的相互作用

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色谱 2020年第9期38卷 1069-1077页

作者：王双双杨云鹤凡珊珊李卉卉 david d.y.chen 南京师范大学常州创新发展研究院江苏常州213022 生物医药功能材料国家地方联合工程研究中心江苏省生物医药功能材料协同创新中心南京师范大学化学与材料科学学院江苏南京210023 department of Chemistry University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada

药物与靶点间的作用关系直接影响到药理和药效。药物-靶点结合能力、结合计量关系等信息是药物研发过程中必需的表征数据。人类癌基因c-myb在结直肠癌等多种癌症组织中存在过度表达,目前已成为结直肠癌、白血病等癌症疾病潜在的治疗靶... 详细信息

药物与靶点间的作用关系直接影响到药理和药效。药物-靶点结合能力、结合计量关系等信息是药物研发过程中必需的表征数据。人类癌基因c-myb在结直肠癌等多种癌症组织中存在过度表达,目前已成为结直肠癌、白血病等癌症疾病潜在的治疗靶点。位于癌基因c-myb启动子区的一段富含鸟嘌呤(G)的dNA序列,通过阳离子的诱导可自发折叠形成分子内G-四链体,而小分子的特异性识别可以稳定该G-四链体,进而调节基因的转录和表达过程。该文采用压力辅助毛细管电泳前沿分析(PACE-FA)结合电喷雾质谱(ESI-MS)研究人类癌基因c-myb启动子G-四链体(G4)与天然产物分子间的相互作用。PACE-FA法在毛细管电泳前沿分析(CE-FA)过程中施加一个与分析物迁移同向的压力,在保证结果准确度的前提下,能够大大加快分析速度。同时结合ESI-MS,可快速解析结合分子与靶点的亲合力和化学计量关系。首先,利用ESI-MS快速筛选出3种有亲合力的天然产物,亲合力大小依次为:土荆皮乙酸>丁溴东莨菪碱>荷叶碱。考虑到溶液相中存在特异性与非特异性结合,接着用PACE-FA法准确分析溶液相中结合的特异性和结合常数。结果发现:丁溴东莨菪碱能够特异性结合靶点G4 dNA,结合比为1∶1,结合常数为1.18×10^5 L/mol;荷叶碱属于非特异性结合,而土荆皮乙酸并未与靶点G4 dNA形成复合物。该组合方法不仅分析速度快,而且能够提高亲和分析的准确度和特异性,有望应用于靶向药物先导结构的发现和作用机制评价。

关键词：毛细管电泳前沿分析电喷雾质谱相互作用 G-四链体天然产物

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Rumen microbial degradation of bromoform from red seaweed(Asparagopsis taxiformis)and the impact on rumen fermentation and methanogenic archaea

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 412-426页

作者： Pedro Romero Alejandro Belanche Elisabeth Jiménez Rafael Hueso Eva Ramos-Morales Joan King Salwen Ermias Kebreab david R.yáñez-Ruiz Estacion Experimental del Zaidin Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(CSIC)Profesor Albareda 1Granada 18008Spain department of Animal Production and Food Sciences University of ZaragozaMiguel Servet 177Saragossa 50013Spain Blue Ocean Barns Inc. Redwood CityCAUSA department of Animal Science University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95618USA

Background The red macroalgae Asparagopsis is an effective methanogenesis inhibitor due to the presence of halogenated methane(CH_(4))analogues,primarily bromoform(CHBr_(3)).This study aimed to investigate the degradation process of CHBr3 from A taxiformis in the rumen and whether this process is diet-dependent.An in vitro batch culture system was used according to a 2×2 factorial design,assessing two A taxiformis inclusion rates[0(CTL)and 2%dM diet(AT)]and two diets[high-concentrate(HC)and high-forage diet(HF)].Incubations lasted for 72 h and samples of headspace and fermentation liquid were taken at 0,0.5,1,3,6,8,12,16,24,48 and 72 h to assess the pattern of degradation of CHBr_(3) into dibromomethane(CH_(2)Br_(2))and fermentation parameters.Additionally,an in vitro experiment with pure cultures of seven methanogens strains(Methanobrevibacter smithii,Methanobrevibacter ruminantium,Methanosphaera stadtmanae,Methanosarcina barkeri,Methanobrevibacter millerae,Methanorhermobacter wolfei and Methanobacterium mobile)was conducted to test the effects of increasing concentrations of CHBr3(0.4,2,10and 50μmol/L).Results The addition of AT significantly decreased CH_(4) production(P=0.002)and the acetate:propionate ratio(P=0.003)during a 72-h incubation.The concentrations of CHBr_(3) showed a rapid decrease with nearly 90%degraded within the first 3 h of incubation.On the contrary,CH_(2)Br_(2) concentration quickly increased during the first 6 h and then gradually decreased towards the end of the incubation.Neither CHBr_(3) degradation nor CH_(2)Br_(2) synthesis were affected by the type of diet used as substrate,suggesting that the fermentation rate is not a driving factor involved in CHBr_(3)degradation.The in vitro culture of methanogens showed a dose-response effect of CHBr3 by inhibiting the growth of M.smithii,M.ruminantium,M.stadtmanae,M.barkeri,M.millerae,M.wolfei,and M.mobile.Conclusions The present work demonstrated that CHBr_(3) from A.taxiformis is quickly degraded to CH_(2)Br_(2)in the rumen and that the ferm

关键词： Bromoform metabolism dibromomethane metabolism Methane mitigation Methanogens Rumen microbiota Seaweed

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Organic heterojunction synaptic device with ultra high recognition rate for neuromorphic computing

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5614-5620页

作者： Xuemeng Hu Jialin Meng Tianyang Feng Tianyu Wang Hao Zhu Qingqing Sun david Wei Zhang Lin chen School of Microelectronics State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chips and SystemsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China National Integrated Circuit Innovation Center Shanghai 201203China

Traditional computing structures are blocked by the von Neumann bottleneck,and neuromorphic computing devices inspired by the human brain which integrate storage and computation have received more and more attention.Here,a flexible organic device with 2,7-dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene(C8-BTBT)and 2,9-didecyldinaphtho[2,3-b:2′,3′-f]thieno[3,2-b]thiophene(C10-dNTT)heterostructural channel having excellent synaptic behaviors was fabricated on muscovite(MICA)substrate,which has a memory window greater than 20 V.This device shows better electrical characteristics than organic field effect transistors with single organic semiconductor channel.Furthermore,the device simulates organism synaptic behaviors successfully,such as paired-pulse facilitation(PPF),long-term potentiation/depression(LTP/LTd)process,and transition from short-term memory(STM)to long-term memory(LTM)by optical and electrical modulations.Importantly,the neuromorphic computing function was verified using the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology(MNIST)pattern recognition,with a recognition rate nearly 100%without noise.This research proposes a flexible organic heterojunction with the ultra-high recognition rate in MNIST pattern recognition and provides the possibility for future flexible wearable neuromorphic computing devices.

关键词： organic heterojunction neuromorphic computing synapse behaviors optical modulation Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology(MNIST)pattern recognition

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Quantitative and qualitative subgenomic RNA profiles of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory samples: A comparison between Omicron BA.2 and non-VOC-d614G

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 218-227页

作者： Zigui chen Rita Way yin Ng Grace Lui Lowell Ling Agnes S.y.Leung Chit Chow Siaw Shi Boon Wendy C.S.Ho Maggie Haitian Wang Renee Wan yi Chan Albert Martin Li david Shu Cheong Hui Paul Kay Sheung Chan department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina department of Medicine and Therapeutics Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina department of Paediatrics Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious diseases Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants are notorious for their transmissibility,but little is known about their subgenomic RNA(sgRNA)expression.This study applied RNA-seq to delineate the quantitative and qualitative profiles of canonical sgRNA of 118 respiratory samples collected from patients infected with Omicron BA.2 and compared with 338 patients infected with non-variant of concern(non-VOC)-d614G.A unique characteristic profile depicted by the relative abundance of 9 canonical sgRNAs was reproduced by both BA.2 and non-VOCd614G regardless of host gender,age and presence of pneumonia.Remarkably,such profile was lost in samples with low viral load,suggesting a potential application of sgRNA pattern to indicate viral activity of individual patient at a specific time point.A characteristic qualitative profile of canonical sgRNAs was also reproduced by both BA.2 and non-VOC-d614G.The presence of a full set of canonical sgRNAs carried a coherent correlation with crude viral load(AUC¼0.91,95%CI 0.88–0.94),and sgRNA ORF7b was identified to be the best surrogate marker allowing feasible routine application in characterizing the infection status of individual patient.Further potentials in using sgRNA as a target for vaccine and antiviral development are worth pursuing.

关键词： Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 Non-VOC-d614G RNA-seq Subgenomic RNA(sgRNA)

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