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Understanding temporal stability:a long-term analysis of USdA ARS watersheds

International Journal of digital Earth 2021年第10期14卷 1243-1254页

作者： Evan J.Coopersmith Michael H.Cosh Patrick J.Starks david d.bosch Chandra Holifield Collins Mark Seyfried Stan Livingston John Prueger Soil Insight LLCWashington D.C.USA USdA-Agricultural Research Service Beltsville Agricultural Research CenterHydrology and Remote Sensing LaboratoryBeltsvilleUSA USdA-Agricultural Research Service-Grazinglands Research Laboratory El RenoUSA USdA-Agricultural Research Service-Southeast Watershed Research Laboratory TiftonUSA USdA-Agricultural Research Service-Southwest Watershed Research Center TucsonUSA USdA-Agricultural Research Service-Northwest Watershed Research Laboratory BoiseUSA USdAAgricultural Research Service-National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory West LafayetteUSA USdA-Agricultural Research Service-National Laboratory for Agriculture and Environment AmesUSA

The *** of Agriculture’s Agricultural Research Service(USdAARS)maintains seven in situ soil moisture networks throughout the continental United States,some since *** networks are crucial for understanding the spatial and temporal extent of droughts in their historical context,parameterization of hydrologic models,and local agricultural decision ***,the estimates from these networks are dependent upon their ability to provide reliable soil moisture information at a large *** is also not known how many network stations are sufficient to monitor watershed scale ***,the objectives of this research were to:(1)determine how temporally stable these networks are,including the relationships between various sensors on a year-to-year and seasonal basis,and(2)attempt to determine how many sensors are required,within a network,to approximate the full network *** data from seven in situ,it is concluded that approximately 12 soil moisture sensors are sufficient in most environments,presuming their locations are distributed to capture the hydrologic heterogeneity of the *** is possible to install a temporary network containing a suitable number of sensors for an appropriate length of time,glean stable relationships between locations,and retain these insights moving forward with fewer sensor resources.

关键词： Soil moisture temporal stability in situ networks

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Soil mineral nitrogen dynamics in fallow periods in a rainfed semiarid Mediterranean agricultural system

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Pedosphere 2023年第4期33卷 622-637页

作者： Awais SHAKOOR Àngela d.bosch-SERRA Antonio LIdON damián GINESTAR Jaime BOIXAdERA University of Lleida Department of Environment and Soil SciencesAvda.Alcalde Rovira Roure 191Lleida E-25198(Spain) Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaCamino de Vera s/n.Valencia E-46022(Spain) Institute for Multidisciplinary Mathematics Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaCamino de Vera s/n.Valencia E-46022(Spain) department of Agriculture LivestockFisheries and FoodGovernment of CataloniaAvda.Alcalde Rovira Roure 191Lleida E-25198(Spain)

Rainfed agricultural systems in semiarid Mediterranean environments are subject to erratic but often heavy rainfall *** an agronomic practice,fallow periods can be included even within the existing European Union common policy for crop *** study aimed to quantify the effects of previous mineral fertilization on soil mineral nitrogen(N_(min))content and potential nitrate leaching during no-till fallow periods of crop *** Leaching Estimation and Chemistry Model(LEACHM)was used for soil N_(min)prediction after *** fallow periods,N_(min)measured in the soil profile increased by an average of 125 kg N ha^(-1),whereas the model showed an average increase of 95 kg N ha^(-1).The amount of nitrogen(N)leached was estimated to be 11–38 kg N ha^(-1).The N balance simulated using LEACHM might differ from the actual *** calibrated LEACHM underestimated soil N_(min)after a drought period followed by soil water replenishment,probably due to a pulse in soil C and N mineralization caused by the wetting of dry soil,but overestimated soil N_(min)after occasional rainy spells when soil quickly became saturated,probably due to occasional nitrous oxide emissions not being fully accounted for by the model and specific preferential water flow,which might lead to greater nitrate leaching than that simulated by LEACHM using the convection-dispersion *** results show that soil N_(min)measurements after fallow periods cannot be well predicted by *** findings of this study provide a support for fertilization planning for crop rotation systems including a fallow period to avoid overfertilization in the following cropping season and reduce N environmental impacts.

关键词： crop rotation Latin Hypercube-One factor at a Time(LH-OAT)method Leaching Estimation and Chemistry Model(LEACHM) mineral fertilizer nitrogen balance nitrogen environmental impacts nitrogen leaching soil water

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Making bridges between preclinical and clinical insights into age-related cognitive decline

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2321-2322页

作者： david VC Brito Clévio Nóbrega Algarve Biomedical Center-Research Institute(ABC-RI) Campus GambelasFaroPortugal Algarve Biomedical Center-(ABC) Campus GambelasFaroPortugal Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences(FMCB) University of AlgarveGambelas CampusFaroPortugal

With people living longer,the societal impact of age-related cognitive decline is becoming more pronounced(Crimmins,2015).Thus,it is increasingly important to comprehend the cognitive shifts linked to aging-whether th... 详细信息

关键词： bridges becoming insight

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Women in visual neural regeneration research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 489-490页

作者： Tonia S.Rex david J.Calkins Vanderbilt Eye Institute Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA

The year 2024 marks the 60^(th)anniversary of Title IX and 25 years since the New York Times revealed bias against female faculty members at the Massachusetts Institute of *** take an opportunity here to examine the state of gender bias in a relatively new yet already prominent field,neural regeneration in the visual system,for which there is a well-defined context useful for this *** National Eye Institute(NEI)provided the first round of research funding for its Audacious Goals Initiative(AGI)on visual neural regeneration in 2013 and the last round in ***,we focus on this *** sources included PubMed,the National Science Foundation(NSF),the NEI,the Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research and data from the major professional organization for eye and vision research,the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology(ARVO).

关键词： neural visual Times

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The East Anatolia-Lesser Caucasus ophiolite:An exceptional case of large-scale obduction,synthesis of data and numerical modelling

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第1期11卷 83-108页

作者： Y.Rolland M.Hässig d.bosch O.Bruguier R.Melis G.Galoyan G.Topuz L.Sahakyan A.Avagyan M.Sosson Universitéde Nice Sophia Antipolis UMR GéoazurCNRSIRDObservatoire de la Côte d’Azur250 Rue Albert Einstein06560Sophia AntipolisFrance EdYTEM Universitéde Savoie e CNRSUMR 5204Le Bourget du LacFrance department of Earth Sciences University of GenevaRue des Maraîchers 131205 GenevaSwitzerland University Montpellier Géosciences MontpellierUMR-CNRS-UM25243Place Eugene Bataillon34095 MontpellierFrance Institute of Geological Sciences National Academy of Sciences24a Baghramyan AvenueYerevan 0019Armenia Istanbul Teknik Universitesi Avrasya Yer Bilimleri Enstitüsü34469 IstanbulTurkey

We present new,geological,metamorphic,geochemical and geochronological data on the East Anatolian-Lesser Caucasus *** data are used in combination with a synthesis of previous data and numerical modelling to unravel the tectonic emplacement of ophiolites in this *** these data allow the reconstruction of a large obducted ophiolite nappe,thrusted for>100 km and up to 250 km on the Anatolian-Armenian *** ophiolite petrology shows three distinct magmatic series,highlighted by new isotopic and trace element data:(1)The main Early Jurassic Tholeiites(ophiolite s.s.)bear LILEenriched,subduction-modified,MORB chemical *** and petrology of the Tholeiite series substantiates a slow-spreading oceanic environment in a time spanning from the Late Triassic to the Middle-Late ***,gabbros and plagiogranites were exhumed by normal faults,and covered by radiolarites,while minor volumes of pillow-lava flows infilled the rift *** towards a subduction-modified geochemical signature suggests emplacement in a marginal basin above a subduction zone.(2)Late Early Cretaceous alkaline lavas conformably emplaced on top of the *** have an OIB *** lavas are featured by large pillow lavas interbedded a carbonate *** show evidence for a large-scale OIB plume activity,which occurred prior to ophiolite obduction.(3)Early-Late Cretaceous calc-alkaline lavas and *** magmatic rocks are found on top of the obducted nappe,above the post-obduction erosion *** series shows similar Sr-Nd isotopic features as the Alkaline series,though having a clear supra-subduction *** are thus interpreted to be the remelting product of a mantle previously contaminated by the OIB *** of data from the Lesser Caucasus to western Anatolia shows a progression from back-arc to arc and fore-arc,which highlight a dissymmetry in the obducted oceanic lithosphere from East to *** metamo

关键词： Ophiolite Obduction Subduction Neotethys

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Alternative feedstock for the production of activated carbon with ZnCl_(2):Forestry residue biomass and waste wood

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2022年第4期5卷 299-309页

作者： dominik bosch Jan OBack david Gurtner Sara Giberti Angela Hofmann Anke Bockreis Josef Ressel Centre for Production of Activated Carbon from Municipal Residues Department of EnvironmentalProcess and Energy EngineeringMCI–The Entrepreneurial SchoolUniversitaetsstrasse 156020 InnsbruckAustria Unit of Environmental Engineering Department for InfrastructureUniversity of InnsbruckTechnikerstrasse 136020 InnsbruckAustria department of Environmental Process and Energy EngineeringMCI–The Entrepreneurial SchoolUniversitaetsstrasse 156020 InnsbruckAustria Institute for Chemical and Energy Engineering BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life ScienceGregor-Mendel-Strasse 331160 ViennaAustria department of Civil ChemicalEnvironmentaland Materials EngineeringUniversit`a di BolognaVia Zamboni 3340126 BolognaItaly

In order to substitute fossil resources in activated carbon(AC)production,recent efforts have focused on the utilization of renewable raw *** with important wood industries offer two potentially underestimated resource types:forestry residue biomass(FRB)and waste wood(WW).Although these materials are widely available(approx.130 mio.m3a-1 FRB,approx.50 ***^(-1) WW in the EU),they are mostly valorised through energy production,as they are high in ashes and may be contaminated with organics and heavy *** this study,both FRB and WW were treated via one-step pyrolysis for AC ***_(2) was applied as activating agent at pyrolysis temperatures varying from 400 to 600℃ and residence times between 1 and 3 ***,76 samples were prepared and characterized thoroughly via elemental analysis,N_(2)/CO_(2) ad/-desorption,thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).The produced carbons showed specific surface areas of up to 1430 m2g􀀀1 and a pore size distribution with a micropore share of up to 80%.The presence of oxygen-containing functional groups was confirmed via *** feedstock contamination can be mitigated,as minerals and heavy metals could be leached out(up to-99.15%)by an additional wash step and organic contamination undergoes thermal cracking during *** presented study could be a next step in upcycling considerable waste streams from the wood sector through localised and non-fossil-based AC production.

关键词： Sustainable resources Waste wood Forestry residue Activated carbon Chemical activation Pyrolysis Porosity Functionalized surface

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INTEGRATION OF THE MOdELS OF ANNAGNPS ANd REMM TO ASSESS RIPARIAN BUFFER SYSTEM FOR SEdIMENT REdUCTION

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2007年第1期22卷 60-69页

作者： Ronald BINGNER Randall WILLIAMS Richard LOWRANCE david.bosch Joe SHERIdAN Ph.d Agricultural Engineer USDA-Agricultural Research Science -National Sedimentation Laboratory P.O. Box 1157 Oxford MS 38655 USA Agricultural Engineer USDA-Agricultural Research Science -National Sedimentation Laboratory 2316 RAINWATER RD TIFTON GA 31793 Ph.d Ecologist USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Southeast Watershed Research Laboratory P.O. Box 748 2379 Rainwater Road Tifton Georgia 31793 USA Ph.d Research Hydraulic Engineer USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Southeast Watershed Research Laboratory P.O. Box 748 2316 RAINWATER RD Tifton Georgia 31793 Ph.d Research Hydraulic Engineer USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Southeast Watershed Research Laboratory P.O. Box 748 2316 RAINWATER RD Tifton Georgia 31793

The United States department of Agriculture (USdA) Annualized Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution model (AnnAGNPS) is used to help evaluate a watershed response to agricultural management practices to control water quality. However, AnnAGNPS version 3.5 does not contain features to estimate the effect of a riparian buffer (RB) system on water quality. The Riparian Ecosystem Management Model (REMM) is used to simulate the impact of riparian buffer systems on water quality. However, frequently the lack of measured upland loadings that are required by REMM simulation limits the application of REMM. To address this data gap, a study was conducted to integrate AnnAGNPS with REMM for RB system simulation. AnnAGNPS was used to simulate water and sediment loadings from an upland field into a three-zone RB system at the Gibbs Farm located in the Georgia coastal plain. These AnnAGNPS outputs were used as the inputs to REMM. REMM was used to simulate water and sediment movement along the riparian buffers. The AnnAGNPS simulated amount of annual runoff at the edge of the field was close to observed amounts (Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.92). It is believed that a substantial portion of sand was removed from the runoff one meter into the grass buffer where the samplers were located; therefore, sand was excluded from the AnnAGNPS simulation for comparison with observed sediment. Excluding sand, the AnnAGNPS predicted amount of annual sediment matches the observed amount fairly well (Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.46). In addition, based on evaluating the percent reduction of sediment at each zonal interface, the AnnAGNPS/REMM model well simulated the function of the RB system to reduce sediment.

关键词： AnnAGNPS REMM Watershed modeling Riparian buffer systems Runoff Sediment simulation

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design of functional biomaterials as substrates for corneal endothelium tissue engineering

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2022年第1期9卷 1018-1036页

作者： Begona M.bosch Elia bosch-Rue Marina Perpiñan-Blasco Roman A.Perez Bioengineering Institute of Technology(BIT) Universitat Internacional de CatalunyaBarcelona 08195Spain Basic Sciences department Universitat Internacional de CatalunyaBarcelona 08195Spain

Corneal endothelium defects are one of the leading causes of blindness *** actual treatment is transplantation,which requires the use of human cadaveric donors,but it faces several problems,such as global shortage of ***,new alternatives are being developed and,among them,cell therapy has gained interest in the last years due to its promising results in tissue ***,the direct administration of cells may sometimes have limited success due to the immune response,hence requiring the combination with extracellular mimicking *** this review,we present different methods to obtain corneal endothelial cells from diverse cell sources such as pluripotent or multipotent stem ***,we discuss different substrates in order to allow a correct implantation as a cell sheet and to promote an enhanced cell *** this reason,natural or synthetic matrixes that mimic the native environment have been *** matrixes have been optimized in terms of their physicochemical properties,such as stiffness,topography,composition and *** further enhance the matrixes properties,these can be tuned by incorporating certain molecules that can be delivered in a sustained manner in order to enhance biological ***,we elucidate future directions for corneal endothelial regeneration,such as 3d printing,in order to obtain patient-specific substrates.

关键词： corneal endothelium tissue engineering cell therapy biomaterials

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ESTIMATING CROSS-TRAINING CALL CENTER CAPACITY THROUGH SIMULATION

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2016年第4期25卷 448-468页

作者： david A. Munoz Nathaniel d. Bastian department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering The Pennsylvania State University

Call centers have grown world-wide during the past decade. One of the most important aspects considered by call center managers is the optimization of its operators, which implies covering the highly variable demand and f＇mding an efficient way to assign people to certain shifts in order to achieve a desirable service level and abandonment rate. Another challenge is determining which system setup is appropriate for the specific call center. Should we have a single-skill call center or multi-skill call center？ If we do have the latter, how many multi-skill agents should we have on staff？. In this case study, we generate and analyze discrete-event systems simulation-optimization models to test the behavior of a real-world call center under the actual configuration and under different levels of cross-training. The model results help call center managers by： 1） determining the optimal number of operators needed for different staff configtmations in order to achieve the targets for service level and abandonment; 2） providing information about the trade-off between the key measurements in the call center; and 3） providing useful information about the number of operators needed and used for each hour of operation to estimate the number of four-hour shifts required to achieve the performance targets. Our experimental f＇mdings from this case study suggest that a bi-skill call center is economically better in the long-rtm compared to a full-skill or single-skill call center. This case study augments the call center body of knowledge by providing additional managerial insights for the operations management community.

关键词： Call centers cross-training discrete-event systems simulation simulation optimization service operations service systems

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Role and therapeutic potential of liquid-liquid phase separation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2021年第1期13卷 15-28页

作者： donya Pakravan Gabriele Orlando Valerie Bercier Ludo Van den bosch department of Neurosciences Experimental Neurology and Leuven Brain Institute(LBI)KU Leuven-University of Leuven3000 LeuvenBelgium Laboratory of Neurobiology VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain&Disease Research3000 LeuvenBelgium Switch Laboratory VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain&Disease Research3000 LeuvenBelgium

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disease selectively affecting motor neurons, leading to pro-gressive paralysis. Although most cases are sporadic,-10% are familial. Similar proteins are found in aggregates in sporadicand familial ALS, and over the last decade, research has been focused on the underlying nature of this common ***, TdP-43 inclusions are found in almost all ALS patients, while Fus inclusions have been reported in some familial ALSpatients. Both TdP-43 and FUS possess ‘low-complexity domains' (LCds) and are considered as ‘intrinsically disordered proteins',which form liquid droplets in vitro due to the weak interactions caused by the LCds. dysfunctional ‘liquid-lquid phase separa-tion'(LLPS) emerged as a new mechanism linking AlS-related proteins to pathogenesis. Here, we review the current state ofknowledge on ALS-related gene products associated with a proteinopathy and discuss their status as lLPS proteins. n addition,we highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting LLPS for treating ALS.

关键词： phase separation stress granule motor neuron ALS therapy

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