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Effect of climate change on drinking water supply in Santiago de Chile

Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2013年第1期5卷 27-34页

作者： Gerardo Ahumada david bustos María González Department of Civil Engineering Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile

Climate change is likely to increase the occurrence of floods and flashfloods that affect Santiago de Chile＇s drinking water supply system throughout the 21st century. A relationship between flashfloods in the Maipo River--Santiago＇s main raw water source, drainage area in the Maipo Alto Sub Basin and precipitation 48 hours previous to the event was found. Despite having legal guide- lines to guarantee continuity and stability in water supply, Chilean law does not specify the maximum admissible magnitude of an event. A 12% drop of average monthly flow at Maipo en E1 Manzano Station was estimated for the 2035-2065 period due to cli- mate change, meaning water suppliers would not be able to meet 90% monthly water supply security, required by Chilean law. Water suppliers would need to increase their current allotted quota of the Maipo River, from 24.5% to a percentage between 26% and 30% to comply. If the 0 ~C isotherm keeps increasing its elevation through the 21st century, more intense floods could occur because of additional drainage area granted by the elevation of the snow line, even if precipitation does not suffer a significant change. In order to withstand a five day turbidity event, 2 m3/s of groundwater, or any non river source, should be temporarily in- coroorated to the emergency dfinkin~ water production.

关键词： climate change drinking water water availability floods water supply security

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Numerical Model of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Abrasive Wear Tests

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Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Material Science 2020年第1期10卷 1-14页

作者： Tomas De la Mora Ramirez Isaias Hilerio Cruz Marco Antonio Donu Ruiz Noe Lopez Perrusquia david Garcia bustos Martin Flores Martinez Autonomous Metropolitan University Azcapotzalco UnitAzcapotzalcoMexico CityMexico Science and Engineering of Materials Technological of Studies of JocotitlanJocotitlan State of MexicoMexico Group of Materials Science and Engineering Polytechnic University of the Valley of MexicoTultitlanMariano EscobedoMexico University of Guadalajara University Center of Exact Sciences and EngineeringGuadalajaraMéxico

Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) has been used in orthopedics as one of the materials for artificial joints in knee, hip and spine prostheses, most of the implanted joints are designed so that the metal of the prosthesis is articulate against a polymeric material, however the main problems is the average life time of the UHMWPE due to wear, and the particles generated by the friction of the metal on the articulation of the polymer are the most common inducer of osteolysis, generating a loosening of the implant leading to an imminent failure resulting in the total replacement of the prosthesis. In this investigation a numerical model of abrasive wear was made using the classic Archard wear equation applied to dynamic simulation of finite element analysis (FEA) of the micro-abrasion test using a subroutine written in Fortran language linked to the finite element software to predict the rate of wear. The results of the numerical model were compared with tests of abrasive wear in the laboratory, obtaining a margin of error below 5%,concluding that the numerical model is feasible for the prediction of the rate of wear and could be applied in knowing the life cycle of joint prostheses or for the tribological analysis in industrial machinery or cutting tools. The wear coefficient (K) was obtained from the grinding tests depending on the depth of stroke of the crater, which was analyzed by 3D profilometry to obtain the wear rate and the wear constant.

关键词： Abrasive Wear Finite Element Numerical Wear Model UHMWPE

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Tuberculous pericarditis-a silent and challenging disease:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第6期10卷 1869-1875页

作者： Oscar david Lucero Marlon Mauricio bustos Darwin Jhoan Ariza Rodriguez Juan Camilo Perez Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Universitario San IgnacioBogota 110231Colombia Internal Medicine Resident Pontificia Universidad JaverianaBogota 110231Colombia

BACKGROUND Tuberculous pericarditis(TP)remains a challenge for endemic *** developing countries,one to two percent of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis develops *** SUMMARY A 49-year-old woman presented with dyspnea,chest pain and dry *** physical examination,veiled heart sounds were *** electrocardiogram showed low-voltage complexes and the transthoracic echocardiography revealed a large and free-looking pericardial *** patient was taken for an open *** pericardial fluid revealed high levels of adenosine deaminase and Ziehl-Neelsen stain showed acid-fast *** chain reaction study for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in pericardial fluid was *** patient received tetra conjugate management with adequate clinical response after the first week of treatment and resolution of fever and chest *** In cases of TP,obtaining pericardial fluid and/or pericardial biopsy is the most efficient strategy to confirm the *** diagnosis of this entity will allow physicians to initiate timely treatment,avoid complications and improve the patient's clinical outcome,so we consider the description of this case pertinent and its review in the literature.

关键词： Tuberculosis Pericardial disease Tuberculous pericarditis Pericardial effusion Mycobacterium tuberculosis Case report

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Dose-response effect of pre-exercise carbohydrates under muscle glycogen unavailability:Insights from McArdle disease

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 398-408页

作者： Pedro L.Valenzuela Alfredo Santalla Lidia B.Alejo Andrea Merlo Asuncion bustos Laura Castellote-Belles Roser Ferrer-Costa Nicola A.Maffiuletti david Barranco-Gil Tomas Pinos Alejandro Lucia Physical Activity and Health Research Group(“PaHerg”) Research Institute of Hospital“12 de Octubre”(“imas12”)Madrid 28041Spain Department of Systems Biology University of AlcalaMadrid 28871Spain Department of Sport and Computer Science Section of Physical Education and SportsFaculty of SportUniversidad Pablo de OlavideSevilla 41013Spain EVOPRED Research Group Universidad Europea de CanariasTenerife 38300Spain Faculty of Sport Sciences Universidad Europea de MadridMadrid 28670Spain Gait&Motion Analysis Laboratory Sol et Salus HospitalTorre Pedrera di Rimini(RN)47922Italy Department of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratoris ClınicsHospital Universitari Vall d’HebronBarcelona 08035Spain Human Performance Lab Schulthess ClinicZurich 8008Switzerland Biomedical Research Networking Center on Rare Disorders(CIBERER) Barcelona 08035Spain Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Disorders Unit Vall d’Hebron Institut de RecercaUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelona 08035Spain

Background:This study aimed to determine the effect of different carbohydrate(CHO)doses on exercise capacity in patients with McArdle disease—the paradigm of“exercise intolerance”,characterized by complete muscle glycogen unavailability—and to determine whether higher exogenous glucose levels affect metabolic responses at the McArdle muscle cell(in vitro)***:Patients with McArdle disease(n=8)and healthy controls(n=9)underwent a 12-min submaximal cycling constant-load bout followed by a maximal ramp test 15 min after ingesting a non-caloric *** a randomized,double-blinded,cross-over design,patients repeated the tests after consuming either 75 g or 150 g of CHO(glucose:fructose=2:1).Cardiorespiratory,biochemical,perceptual,and electromyographic(EMG)variables were ***,glucose uptake and lactate appearance were studied in vitro in wild-type and McArdle mouse myotubes cultured with increasing glucose concentrations(0.35,1.00,4.50,and 10.00 g/L).Results:Compared with controls,patients showed the“classical”second-wind phenomenon(after prior disproportionate tachycardia,myalgia,and excess electromyographic activity during submaximal exercise,all p<0.05)and an impaired endurance exercise capacity(-51%ventilatory threshold and55%peak power output,both p<0.001).Regardless of the CHO dose(p<0.05 for both doses compared with the placebo),CHO intake increased blood glucose and lactate levels,decreased fat oxidation rates,and attenuated the second wind in the ***,only the higher dose increased ventilatory threshold(+27%,p=0.010)and peak power output(+18%,p=0.007).In vitro analyses revealed no differences in lactate levels across glucose concentrations in wild-type myotubes,whereas a doseresponse effect was observed in McArdle ***:CHO intake exerts beneficial effects on exercise capacity in McArdle disease,a condition associated with total muscle glycogen *** of these benefits are dose dependent.

关键词： Endurance Glycogen storage disease Glycogenosis Nutrition Supplement

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Nanocapacitor with a Cantor Multi-Layered Structure

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Journal of Modern Physics 2012年第9期3卷 1013-1017页

作者： Rubén Montelongo david González Ricardo bustos Gabriel González Departamento de Electrónica Sistemas e Informática Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Occidente Periférico Sur Manuel Gómez Morín 8585 C.P. 45604 Tlaquepaque Jal. MEXICO Departamento de Matemáticas y Física Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Occidente Periférico Sur Manuel Gómez Morín 8585 C.P. 45604 Tlaquepaque Jal. MEXICO

We calculate numerically the quantum capacitance of a nanocapacitor formed of oxide-silicon layers deposited alternately with their widths following a Cantor set structure. We show that this configuration brings about a nano-hybrid capacitor which allows a classical and quantum behavior depending on the Cantor generation. In addition, we propose an approximate equivalent circuit representation for the nano-hybrid capacitor.

关键词： Nanocapacitor Cantor Structure Schrodinger-Poisson Equation

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A modified Genetic algorithm suitable for non stationary functions.

A modified Genetic algorithm suitable for non stationary fun...

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The Fourth World Congress of Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization

＜正＞The work presented in this article is structured in three parts, focusing its attention on the reduction of the execution time required by the GA to accomplish the evolutive process when the error function is very complex. In order to do it, several strategies will be presented and studied. In the first one, a theoretical approach to determine optimal population size and the construction of an approximated and stepped evaluation function is presented. In the second one OMEGA （Oriented to Mechanical Engineering Genetic Algorithm） is presented, a modified GA which includes the use of models with different degrees of complexity and a dynamic mutation operator whose purpose is to substantially reduce the number of evaluations of the complete error function. This program has been developed based on david Levine’ s PGAPack library /26/. In the third part of the work, results obtained by OMEGA in a practical optimisation problem （an error function used in the synthesis of multibody systems /1/, /2/, /3/, /4/, /5/） will be presented.

关键词： Genetic Algorithms Numerical Optimisation Non Stationary Mediums Variable Complexity Functions Adaptive Mutation.

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