检索结果-南通市图书馆

Antelope adaptations to counteract overheating and water deficit in arid environments

Journal of Arid Land 2022年第10期14卷 1069-1085页

作者： david blank LI Yaoming Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia BishkekKyrgyzstan State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Many arid areas have very severe climates with extremely high summer temperatures,strong solar radiation,and a lack of drinking water during the driest ***,antelopes living in arid areas are forced to solve two main problems:avoiding overheating and maintaining water ***,there are physiological,morphological,and behavioral mechanisms for antelope adaptations to arid *** the mechanisms,behavioral adjustments have a minimal cost and are activated first,while physiological mechanisms are the most energetically costly and involve adaptations to high temperatures when other mechanisms are *** previous publications,some examples of the antelope behavioral adaptations have been described only rarely,while in this review,we try to clarify all available information on the adaptations of antelopes living in arid areas to their native environments,paying particular attention to behavioral *** mechanisms,especially daily activity,diet and microclimate selection,and migrations,are so important and commonly used by antelopes in natural conditions,in which physiological mechanisms are usually not *** adjust their behaviors according to environmental changes so successfully that purely physiological mechanisms are discovered under laboratory conditions;for example,adaptive heterothermia or selective brain cooling phenomenon is difficult to observe in their natural *** review provides a better understanding of the main behavioral mechanisms of antelope adaptations to arid environments and allows for the identification of the key factors for successful conservation of antelopes in their natural habitats.

关键词： antelopes desert antelopes behavioral mechanisms drinking water water loss behaviors arid environments

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Sustainable use of wildlife resources in Central Asia

引用

Regional Sustainability 2021年第2期2卷 144-155页

作者： david blank Yaoming Li Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia Bishkek720040Kyrgyzstan State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Initially,hunting was the primary means for getting food for the survival of ancient *** time passed,people started to breed livestock and develop agriculture,gradually reducing their reliance on unpredictability of ***,however,continued to hunt and,even though their survival did not depend on *** the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics(USSR)period,attitudes toward the use of natural resources fluctuated significantly,and after the establishment of new reserves for wildlife protection,the government soon weakened protections it had *** the current,the organizations in dependent countries of the USSR that are chartered to protect areas with wildlife diversity are very weak and have no sufficient material resources to provide any real control of poaching,especially when hunting weapons and ammunition are easily *** hunting companies exploit wildlife resources but do not make protecting wildlife from poaching as a priority in their work;they just use whatever resources are available as if they are *** help solve this problem,we suggest to organize the local people to join the wildlife protection societies and give them official rights to benefit from the development of hunting tourism in the *** are numerous examples of successful and very profitable hunting businesses in different countries in the *** Central Asia,all the prerequisites exist for organizing highly effective trophy hunting tourism,maintaining the richness of biodiversity,and at the same time providing a sustainable and significant income for local communities as the country as a *** sustainable use of wildlife resources is a very tangible challenge in the countries of Central Asia,and the most important consideration is to establish and enforce hunting laws equally,irrespective of a person’s social status or financial assets,otherwise no laws will work.

关键词： Hunting Poaching Sustainable use Ungulates Wildlife resources Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Diet characteristics of wild sheep(Ovis ammon darwini) in the Mengluoke Mountains,Xinjiang,China

引用

Journal of Arid Land 2018年第3期10卷 482-491页

作者： LI Bang XU Wenxuan david A blank WANG Muyang YANG Weikang Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia Bishkek 720001 Kyrgyzstan

In most arid and semi-arid regions of the world, domestic livestock and native wildlife share pastures, and their competition for forage and habitat is thought to be a serious conservation issue. Moreover, unmanaged grazing by livestock can cause the population decline in wild ungulates. The diet of an animal species is a determining aspect of its ecological niche, and investigating its diet has been one of the initial steps in basic ecology study of a new species. To get an approximate understanding of the interspecific food relationships of argali（Ovis ammon darwini） between sexes, and sympatric domestic sheep and goats, we compared the diet compositions and diet-overlaps among these herbivores, i.e., male argali, female argali, domestic sheep, and domestic goats in the Mengluoke Mountains of Xinjiang, China by using micro-histological fecal analysis. Female argali, male argali, domestic sheep and domestic goat primarily consumed forbs（43.31%±4.86%）, grass（36.02%±9.32%）, forbs（41.01%±9.18%）, and forbs（36.22%±10.61%）, respectively in warm season. All these animals consumed mostly shrubs（female argali： 36.47%±7.56%; male argali： 47.28%±10.75%; domestic sheep： 40.46%±9.56%; and domestic goats： 42.88%±9.34%, respectively） in cold season. The diet-overlaps were relatively high among all species in cold season with values ranging from 0.88 to 0.94. Furthermore, Schoener＇s index measured between each possible pair of 4 herbivores increased from the warm season to the cold season. The results illustrate that the high degree of diet-overlap of argali and domestic livestock（sheep and goat） may pose a threat to the survival of the argali in cold season. From the viewpoint of rangeland management and conservation of the endangered argali, the numbers of domestic sheep and goats should be limited in cold season to reduce food competition.

关键词： argali fecal analysis food habits competition diet-overlap

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Impact of great gerbils(Rhombomys opimus) on desert plant communities

引用

Journal of Arid Land 2015年第6期7卷 852-859页

作者： XU Wenxuan LIU Wei YANG Weikang WANG Muyang XU Feng david blank Key laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresources in Arid Lands Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Life Science and Technology Southwest University for Nationalities

Great gerbil（Rhombomys opimus） colonies, with bare soil and herbaceous plants, are conspicuous to the background environment throughout their range area. In order to quantify the engineer role of great gerbils, we investigated the plant communities of 20 active colonies in the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, China. In areas without disturbance, desert plant communities were dominated by the shrubs with low level species richness. In burrow areas and surrounding intermediate areas, which were disturbed by great gerbils, the shrubs were suppressed with the decrease of vegetation cover and aboveground biomass. As a result, ＂niche gaps＂ were created in disturbed areas and worked as a refuge for herbaceous annuals and perennials. So the existence of great gerbils increased the overall species richness of the desert. Furthermore, herbaceous annuals and perennials are the major food source for great gerbils in spring, indicating that great gerbils have a mutually beneficial relationship with herbaceous plants.

关键词： Rhombomys opimus ecosystem engineer species richness mutually beneficial relationship

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Status and distribution of ungulates in Xinjiang,China

引用

Journal of Arid Land 2011年第1期3卷 49-60页

作者： XingYi GAO WenXuan XU WeiKang YANG david A blank JianFang QIAO KeFen XU Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Acad- emy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Institute of Zoology Kazakhstan Academy of Sciences Almaty 050010 Kazakhstan

Based on a long-term field investigation and other research results, we reviewed the status and distribution of ungulates in Xinjiang, China. The ungulates in Xinjiang included 19 ungulate species （30 subspecies） from 6 families and 2 orders. Among them, 3 species （2 subspecies） relate to Equidae （Per- risodactyla）, and 16 species （28 subspecies） are from 5 families of Artiodactyla. In this paper, we analyzed the conservation status of most rare and important 13 ungulate species. Firstly, we proposed the protec- tion of genetic diversity of Camelus ferus and the distribution areas of Moschus sifanicus, Procapra przewalskii and Saiga tatarica in Xinjiang. We found that Moschus sifanicus but not Procapra przewalskii distributed in Xinjiang. It was not clear whether the remnant populations of Saiga tatarica existed in Xinjiang and China-Kazakhstan border or not. We discussed that the protection level and rational use of Capra si- birica and enhancing protection level and enlarging monitoring and research projects for Pantholops hodgsoni and Gazella subgutturosa. And we would like to suggest Forestry Department to develop the captive breeding of Tibetan antelope for rational use. In addition, the captive breeding of Cervus elaphus in Xinjiang was reviewed. Local government should lessen strong control to Cervus elaphus because of many breeding centers＇ establishment.

关键词： Xinjiang of China ungulate species and distribution status

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Winter habitat use of snow leopards in Tomur National Nature Reserve of Xinjiang,Northwest China

引用

Journal of Arid Land 2012年第2期4卷 191-195页

作者： Feng XU Ming MA WeiKang YANG david blank YiQun WU Thomas MCCARTHY Bariusha MUNKHTSOG Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China Department of Environment and Life Sciences Weinan Teachers University Weinan 714000 China International Snow Leopard Trust Seattle WA 98103 USA Institute of Biology Mongolian Academy of Sciences Ulaanbaatar 51 BZD Mongolia

Snow leopards are one of the least known large cats, the population of which has dramatically de- creased. Their habitat loss was considered the main reason for the decline during the last decade, but their habitat preferences are still not well known. In this paper, we studied the winter habitat preferences of snow leopards in the Tomur National Nature Reserve （TNNR） in Northwest China during 2004-2005. We used sign surveys and tran- sects to study the winter habitat selection of snow leopards. The results indicated that snow leopards showed a preference for habitat variabilities in slope aspect, vegetation cover, dominant topographical features, landform ruggedness and grazing status. We found that prey availability and dominant topographical features were the most important factors that determined the winter habitat selection of snow leopards. Our results supported the idea that the habitat preferences of snow leopards are a tradeoff between suitable habitat features and avoidance of potential human interactions.

关键词： snow leopard Panthera uncia sign survey habitat preferences Tomur National Nature Reserve

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

新疆天山中部北山羊社群结构

引用

兽类学报 2016年第1期36卷 56-63页

作者：朱新胜汪沐阳杨维康 david blank 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室中国科学院大学

2013年10月至2014年9月,于天山中部天格尔山脉乌鲁木齐河源区研究了北山羊的社群结构。将其集群类型划分为雄性群、雌幼群、混合群和独羊4类。共统计北山羊497群,总计6 427只。北山羊最大集群为100只,最小群为1只,全年平均群大小为(12.9... 详细信息

2013年10月至2014年9月,于天山中部天格尔山脉乌鲁木齐河源区研究了北山羊的社群结构。将其集群类型划分为雄性群、雌幼群、混合群和独羊4类。共统计北山羊497群,总计6 427只。北山羊最大集群为100只,最小群为1只,全年平均群大小为(12.93±0.65)只。其中春季(14.83±1.35)只,夏季(14.16±1.65)只,秋季(15.17±1.69)只,冬季(9.32±0.74)只。冬季北山羊平均集群大小显著低于其他3个季节。混合群的平均群大小最大,其余依次为雌幼群和雄性群。Kruskal-Wallis H检验结果表明各社群类型群大小差异极显著。北山羊多以2-7只的小群活动,占到总遇见频次的41.05%,8-20只群占32.80%,20只以上大群出现最少,占17.71%。在4种集群类型中,雌幼群出现频率最高,占51.91%,其次依次为混合群、雄性群和独羊。卡方检验结果表明4个季节间4种社群类型的出现频次差异显著。研究结果显示,北山羊在发情期混群,非繁殖期同性集群。受环境因素和自身生理周期的影响,其集群大小、集群类型均随季节变化而变化。

关键词：北山羊集群大小集群类型天山中部

来源：

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

北山羊生态生物学研究现状

引用

生态学杂志 2015年第12期34卷 3553-3559页

作者：朱新胜汪沐阳杨维康 david blank 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室乌鲁木齐830011 中国科学院大学北京100049

北山羊(Capra sibirica)是一种主要分布于中亚高山地带的有蹄类物种,中国国家I级重点保护野生动物。北山羊选择陡峭悬崖作为栖息地,采食集中于禾本科和莎草科植物。北山羊具有典型的雌雄异形现象,雄性体型大于雌性。除交配期外,成年雌... 详细信息

北山羊(Capra sibirica)是一种主要分布于中亚高山地带的有蹄类物种,中国国家I级重点保护野生动物。北山羊选择陡峭悬崖作为栖息地,采食集中于禾本科和莎草科植物。北山羊具有典型的雌雄异形现象,雄性体型大于雌性。除交配期外,成年雌雄个体之间同性集群现象明显。近年来,由于偷猎、栖息地丧失和疾病等原因的影响,北山羊种群数量不断减少。为保护此物种,国内外学者针对北山羊开展了大量研究。本文从种属划分、形态与生理、种群密度和数量、生境选择、时间分配与活动节律、集群、濒危原因与保护对策等方面对北山羊的研究现状进行了综述,分析亟待深入研究的内容,北山羊同性集群及食性研究应是下一步工作重点。

关键词：种属划分形态种群生境选择行为保护

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

不同发情阶段雄性鹅喉羚的时间分配特征

引用

兽类学报 2013年第2期33卷 144-149页

作者：夏参军杨维康徐文轩徐峰 david blank 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室

以往研究表明受发情交配行为制约,一些雄性反刍动物在发情期食物摄入量明显降低。已有两个相关假说解释该现象:能量摄入最大化假说和能量保存假说。作者于2009～2010年在卡拉麦里山有蹄类自然保护区研究了雄性鹅喉羚不同发情阶段的时间... 详细信息

以往研究表明受发情交配行为制约,一些雄性反刍动物在发情期食物摄入量明显降低。已有两个相关假说解释该现象:能量摄入最大化假说和能量保存假说。作者于2009～2010年在卡拉麦里山有蹄类自然保护区研究了雄性鹅喉羚不同发情阶段的时间分配。结果表明雄羚发情期采食时间比例明显下降(37.9%),低于发情前期(63.6%)和发情后期(65.8%);发情期卧息时间比例(6.0%)与发情后期相近(5.4%),明显低于发情前期(23.2%);发情前期至发情后期采食卧息时间比(分别为2.7、6.3、12.1)显著增加;发情期雄羚站立和移动时间比例明显升高,采食行为时间占非发情行为时间主要部分(86.4%),且采食行为与发情行为显著相关。相比之下,雌羚不同发情阶段采食行为时间分配比例相似。总之,除必需投入的发情行为外,发情期雄羚最大化其能量摄入;发情行为的投入是导致发情期雄羚食物摄入量下降的主导因子,雄性能量摄入最大化假说更好地解释了发情期鹅喉羚所采取的能量策略。

关键词：能量保存能量摄入发情行为

来源：

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

大鸨生态生物学研究现状

引用

生态学杂志 2015年第5期34卷 1435-1440页

作者：汪沐阳徐峰杨维康 david blank 朱新胜中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室乌鲁木齐830011 中国科学院大学北京100049

大鸨(Otis tarda)常栖居于草原和荒漠草原上,是典型的草原鸟类。近几十年来,由于农牧业活动加剧和偷猎狩猎,大鸨分布区日益缩小,部分前分布区已消失。IUCN将其列为易危(VU)级,我国将其列为国家Ⅰ级重点保护物种。为加强该物种的保护与管... 详细信息

大鸨(Otis tarda)常栖居于草原和荒漠草原上,是典型的草原鸟类。近几十年来,由于农牧业活动加剧和偷猎狩猎,大鸨分布区日益缩小,部分前分布区已消失。IUCN将其列为易危(VU)级,我国将其列为国家Ⅰ级重点保护物种。为加强该物种的保护与管理,国内外学者开展了大量的研究工作。本文综述了大鸨分布与种群数量、食性、栖息地选择、繁殖生态、迁徙、行为生态等方面的研究进展,同时提出了需要进一步深入开展的研究方向。

关键词：大鸨保护管理濒危物种

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：