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Recovery rates of persistent post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction using psychophysical assessment:A longitudinal cohort study

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 79-87页

作者： Jeremy P.Tervo Patricia T.Jacobson brandon J.Vilarello Tiana M.Saak Francesco F.Caruana Liam W.Gallagher Joseph b.Gary david A.Gudis Paule V.Joseph D.P.Devanand Terry E.Goldberg Jonathan b.Overdevest Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons New YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism&National Institute of Nursing ResearchBethesdaMarylandUSA New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center New YorkNew YorkUSA

Objectives:Persistent olfactory dysfunction(OD)following loss of smell associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection is a major feature of long *** on the prevalence of persistent OD predominantly rely on self-reported olfactory *** studies have tracked longitudinal rates of recovery using psychophysical assessment among patients presenting for evaluation of persistent OD beyond a window of acute *** anchored in standardized testing methods are needed to counsel patients who fail to acutely regain their sense of *** study aims to quantify the degree of persistent OD in post-COVID-19 patients who experience subjective and psychophysical ***:We grouped participants presenting for OD evaluation into cohorts based on both subjective and psychophysical olfactory status at a baseline assessment and assessed their olfactory abilities with a visual analogue scale and the Sniffin'Sticks extended test at baseline and 1-year time *** had confirmed a history of COVID-19 by lab evaluation or clinical diagnosis if lab evaluation was not ***:baseline olfactory evaluation was completed by 122 participants,53 of whom completed the 1-year follow-up *** participants presenting with perceived OD,74.5%had confirmed psychophysical OD at baseline,with 55.1%at 1-year *** had reliable trends in self-rated versus psychophysically tested olfactory function at both time *** total threshold,discrimination,and identification(TDI)score improved by+3.25 points in the cohort with psychophysical OD(p=0.0005),with this improvement largely attributable to an increase in median threshold scores(+2.75 points;p=0.0004).Conclusions:OD persists in a significant number of patients who fail to acutely recovery their sense of smell after COVID-19,with many demonstrating lingering deficits at *** in threshold,but not discrimination or identification,most significantly mediate improvement

关键词： long COVID olfaction post-COVID condition smell dysfunction

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Hepatitis b virus genotypes in precision medicine of hepatitis brelated hepatocellular carcinoma:Where we are now

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1097-1103页

作者： Caecilia H C Sukowati Sri Jayanti Turyadi Turyadi david H Muljono Claudio Tiribelli Eijkman Research Center for Molecular biology Research Organization for HealthNational Research and Innovation Agency of IndonesiaJakarta 10340Indonesia Liver Cancer Unit Fondazione Italiana Fegato ONLUSTrieste 34149Italy Faculty of Medicine Hasanuddin UniversityMakassar 90245South SulawesiIndonesia Faculty of Medicine and Health University of SydneySydney 2050Australia

Hepatitis b virus(HbV)infection is a major player in chronic hepatitis b that may lead to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).HbV genetics are diverse where it is classified into at least 9 genotypes(A to I)and 1 putative genotype(J),each with specific geographical distribution and possible different clinical outcomes in the *** diversity may be associated with the precision medicine for HbV-related HCC and the success of therapeutical approaches against HCC,related to different pathogenicity of the virus and host *** Editorial discusses recent updates on whether the classification of HbV genetic diversity is still valid in terms of viral oncogenicity to the HCC and its precision medicine,in addition to the recent advances in cellular and molecular biology technologies.

关键词： Hepatitis b virus Hepatocellular carcinoma Genotypes Pathogenesis Precision medicine

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Organic heterojunction synaptic device with ultra high recognition rate for neuromorphic computing

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5614-5620页

作者： Xuemeng Hu Jialin Meng Tianyang Feng Tianyu Wang Hao Zhu Qingqing Sun david Wei Zhang Lin Chen School of Microelectronics State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chips and SystemsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China National Integrated Circuit Innovation Center Shanghai 201203China

Traditional computing structures are blocked by the von Neumann bottleneck,and neuromorphic computing devices inspired by the human brain which integrate storage and computation have received more and more ***,a flexible organic device with 2,7-dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene(C8-bTbT)and 2,9-didecyldinaphtho[2,3-b:2′,3′-f]thieno[3,2-b]thiophene(C10-DNTT)heterostructural channel having excellent synaptic behaviors was fabricated on muscovite(MICA)substrate,which has a memory window greater than 20 *** device shows better electrical characteristics than organic field effect transistors with single organic semiconductor ***,the device simulates organism synaptic behaviors successfully,such as paired-pulse facilitation(PPF),long-term potentiation/depression(LTP/LTD)process,and transition from short-term memory(STM)to long-term memory(LTM)by optical and electrical ***,the neuromorphic computing function was verified using the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology(MNIST)pattern recognition,with a recognition rate nearly 100%without *** research proposes a flexible organic heterojunction with the ultra-high recognition rate in MNIST pattern recognition and provides the possibility for future flexible wearable neuromorphic computing devices.

关键词： organic heterojunction neuromorphic computing synapse behaviors optical modulation Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology(MNIST)pattern recognition

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Prevalence and Demographic Distributions of Pre-Eclampsia among Pregnant Women at Ho Teaching Hospital

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第4期14卷 621-636页

作者： Adwoa Nyarko Joshua A. Kunfah david Z. Kolbilla Collins Adombire Akayuure Jamilatu b. Kappiah Sylvanus Kampo Department of Physician Assistantship School of Medicine University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Department of Anaesthesia Wa Regional Hospital Wa Ghana Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology School of Medicine University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana Department of Nursing School of Nursing and Midwifery C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care School of Medical Sciences C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana

background: In Sub-Saharan Africa, pre-eclampsia remains a major health problem contributing to high rates of maternal mortality. Despite this condition having adverse effects on maternal and child health, its prevalence and associated risk factors are still significant, especially in developing countries including Ghana. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and demographic distributions associated with pre-eclampsia among pregnant women at the Ho Teaching Hospital. Methods: A facility-based retrospective study was conducted by reviewing available data or hospital records of pregnant mothers admitted to the labor and maternity wards from January 2018 to December 2020. All pregnant women who were diagnosed with pre-eclampsia within this period were included in the study. The data were collected using a structured checklist. Results: 5609 data on pregnant women from 2018 to 2020 were recorded. Out of the 5609 data recorded, 314 pre-eclampsia cases were recorded giving an overall prevalence of 5.6%. The yearly prevalence for 2018, 2019, and 2020 were 4.6%, 5.6%, and 6.6%, respectively. The most recorded pre-eclampsia cases were seen among women within the age group of 18 - 24 years. The data showed that 112 (35.7%) of the pregnant women who had pre-eclampsia were nulliparous. Pre-eclampsia-associated maternal and fetal complications were;preterm delivery 221 (70.4%), intrauterine fetal death 62 (19.7%), eclampsia 9 (2.9%), HELLP syndrome 5 (1.6%) and maternal death 17 (5.4%). Associated factors of pre-eclampsia were parity, level of education, and occupation (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed a rising trend in the incidence of pre-eclampsia over the years at the Ho Teaching Hospital. Parity, level of education, and occupation were found to be associated with developing pre-eclampsia.

关键词： Pre-Eclampsia Prevalence Demographic Distributions Risk Factors Antenatal Maternal

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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Overweight and Obesity among Public Secondary School Teachers in Parakou, benin, in 2021

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第2期14卷 238-248页

作者： Yessito Corine Nadège Houehanou Luc béhanzin Virginie Mongbo Carelle Akiyo Maurice Agonnoudé Thierry Adoukonou david Houéto National Training School for Senior Technicians in Public Health and Epidemiological Surveillance (ENATSE) University of Parakou Parakou Benin Regional Institute of Public Health Comlan Albert Quenum University of Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Benin

Introduction: Overweight and obesity represent a public health problem in Africa due to the epidemiological transition. The objectives of this work were to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity and to identify associated factors among public secondary school teachers in Parakou, benin in 2021. Methods: We conducted a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study. Teachers working in public secondary schools in Parakou during the 2020-2021 academic year, present at work and who gave their written informed consent, were included. A two-stage random sampling was carried out. Data were collected during an individual interview using a questionnaire followed by the measurement of anthropometric parameters and blood pressure. Overweight and obesity were defined by a body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify associated factors. Results: A sample of 325 teachers, including 88.6% of men, was recruited with an average age of 36.2 ± 6.8 years. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 43.7% (95% CI [38.1%-44.8%]). It increased significantly with income (p Conclusion: The results show a high prevalence of overweight and obesity. Actions are necessary to prevent overweight and obesity among secondary school teachers in Parakou, in benin.

关键词： Prevalence Obesity Teachers benin

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Post-layout simulation driven analog circuit sizing

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 289-300页

作者： Xiaohan GAO Haoyi ZHANG Siyuan YE Mingjie LIU david Z.PAN Linxiao SHEN Runsheng WANG Yibo LIN Ru HUANG School of Integrated Circuits Peking University School of Computer Science Peking University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas at Austin Institute of Electronic Design Automation Peking University

Post-layout simulation provides accurate guidance for analog circuit design, but post-layout performance is hard to be directly optimized at early design stages. Prior work on analog circuit sizing often utilizes pre-layout simulation results as the optimization objective. In this work, we propose a post-layoutsimulation-driven(post-simulation-driven for short) analog circuit sizing framework that directly optimizes the post-layout simulation performance. The framework integrates automated layout generation into the optimization loop of transistor sizing and leverages a coupled bayesian optimization algorithm to search for the best post-simulation performance. Experimental results demonstrate that our framework can achieve over 20% better post-layout performance in competitive time than manual design and the method that only considers pre-layout optimization.

关键词： analog EDA transistor sizing bayesian optimization post-layout simulation

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Propofol with Varied Functions: A Potential Therapeutic Opportunity for Postoperative Nausea, Vomiting and Pruritus—A Narrative Review

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2024年第2期14卷 13-24页

作者： Thomas W. Anabah Fidelis bayor david Z. Kolbila Terence Kunfire Dakurah Sylvanus Kampo Juventus b. Ziem Anaesthesia Unit Habana Medical Services Tamale Ghana Department of Anaesthesiology Lawra Municipal Hospital Ghana Health Service Lawra Ghana Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology School of Medicine University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care School of Medical Sciences C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana Department of Medical Microbiology School of Medical Sciences C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana

background: Despite the advances in anesthetics and non-pharmacological techniques, the prevalence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in all patients remains high. It is one of the most common distressing symptoms that cause dissatisfaction among patients after anesthesia and surgery. A sub-hypnotic dose of propofol has been shown to reduce morphine-induced postoperative nausea, vomiting, and pruritus. This review article will provide sufficient knowledge on the role of propofol in minimizing opioid-induced postoperative nausea, vomiting, and pruritus by providing detailed information on propofol antiemetic and antipruritic effects, as well as discussions based on empirically available data. Method: We conducted a narrative review of the literature published between 1990 and 2023 from a range of databases;PubMed, bioMed Central, biosis Previews, Nature, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Springer-Link, and Elsevier. Discussion and Conclusion: The literatures reviewed in this study have demonstrated that propofol may have diverse therapeutic effects including antiemetic and antipruritic. The antiemetic effect of propofol may be an effective therapeutic approach for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. The literature also demonstrated that the use of propofol for sedation during surgery may as well ameliorates opioids induced postoperative pruritus, which may be beneficial to surgical patients. Also, it was demonstrated that prophylactic use of propofol may be an effective way of preventing nausea and vomiting and pruritus during opioid use.

关键词： Propofol Nausea Vomiting Antiemetic Antipruritic Surgery

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Repeatability and reproducibility of corneal higher-order aberrations measurements after small incision lenticule extraction using the Scheimpfug-Placido topographer

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Eye and Vision 2024年第1期10卷 1-9页

作者： Rui Ning Rongrong Gao david PPiñero Jun Zhang Qingyi Gao Yili Jin Yiran Wang Chenxiao Wang Jinhai Huang Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology Eye and ENT HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Group of Optics and Visual Perception Department of OpticsPharmacology and AnatomyUniversity of AlicanteAlicanteSpain NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia(Fudan University) Key Laboratory of MyopiaChinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghaiChina Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry ShanghaiChina

background:To evaluate the precision of corneal higher-order aberrations measurements after small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)using the Sirius Scheimpfug-Placido topographer(CSO,Italy).Methods:Seventy-fve eyes from 75 postoperative subjects were included in this prospective *** consecutive corneal aberrometric measurements were obtained with the Scheimpfug-Placido topographer by two experienced operators to assess intra-and inter-observer *** within-subject standard deviation(Sw),test-retest repeatability(TRT)and the intraclass correlation coefcient(ICC)were ***:For intraobserver repeatability of anterior and total corneal aberrations,all ICCs were more than 0.922,except for trefoil(0.722 to 0.768).The ICCs of total root mean square(RMS),coma Z(3,±1),and spherical aberration Z(4,0)were over 0.810 while higher-order RMS,trefoil Z(3,±3),and astigmatism II Z(4,±2)were below 0.634 for posterior corneal surface *** Sw values for all types of aberrations were equal to or below 0.07μ*** interobserver reproducibility,all TRT values were no more than 0.12μm,0.05μm,and 0.11μm for anterior,posterior,and total corneal aberrations,*** ICC values ranged from 0.875 to 0.989,from 0.686 to 0.976 and over 0.834 for anterior,posterior,and total corneal aberrations,***:The repeatability of measurements of anterior and total corneal aberrations with the Sirius system in corneas after SMILE surgery was high,except for *** was some variability in posterior corneal aberrometric *** reproducibility of corneal aberrometric measurements was observed between measurements of both examiners,except for trefoil,with poor to moderate reproducibility.

关键词： Sirius Higher-order aberrations Repeatability Reproducibility Small incision lenticule extraction

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Towards an integrated risk analysis security framework according to a systematic analysis of existing proposals

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第3期18卷 199-216页

作者： Antonio SANTOS-OLMO Luis Enrique SÁNCHEZ david G.ROSADO Manuel A.SERRANO Carlos bLANCO Haralambos MOURATIDIS Eduardo FERNÁNDEZ-MEDINA GSyA Research Group University of Castilla-La ManchaCiudad Real 13071Spain Institute for Analytics and Data Science University of EssexColchester CO43SQUK Alarcos Research Group University of Castilla-La ManchaCiudad Real 13071Spain ISTR Research group Department of Computer Science and ElectronicsUniversity of CantabriaSantander 39005Spain

The information society depends increasingly on risk assessment and management systems as means to adequately protect its key information *** availability of these systems is now vital for the protection and evolution of ***,several factors have led to an increasing need for more accurate risk analysis *** are:the speed at which technologies evolve,their global impact and the growing requirement for companies to *** analysis processes must consequently adapt to these new circumstances and new technological *** objective of this paper is,therefore,to present the results of an exhaustive analysis of the techniques and methods offered by the scientific community with the aim of identifying their main weaknesses and providing a new risk assessment and management *** analysis was carried out using the systematic review protocol and found that these proposals do not fully meet these new *** paper also presents a summary of MARISMA,the risk analysis and management framework designed by our research *** basis of our framework is the main existing risk standards and proposals,and it seeks to address the weaknesses found in these *** is in a process of continuous improvement,as is being applied by customers in several European and American *** consists of a risk data management module,a methodology for its systematic application and a tool that automates the process.

关键词： information security management security system security risk assessment and management

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Practice of barrier Measures against COVID-19 Among Diabetic People Followed at Departmental University Hospital Center Ouémé-Plateau, benin, in 2021

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第2期14卷 249-259页

作者： Yèssito Corine Nadège Houehanou Armand Wanvoègbe Akouodé Thomas Hounto Luc béhanzin Maurice Agonnoudé david Houéto Thierry Adoukonou National School of Public Health (ENATSE) University of Parakou Parakou Benin Department of Internal Medicine University Departmental Hospital Ou&#233me-Plateau Porto-Novo Benin

Introduction: COVID-19 is a pandemic disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-COV2 appeared in China in 2019. The aim of the study was to evaluate the practice of barrier measures against COVID-19 and to identify associated factors among diabetics followed at Departmental University Hospital Center Ouémé-Plateau, benin, in 2021. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from June to August 2021, including diabetics aged 18 and over, hospitalized or received for medical visits in the department of medicine at the target hospital. Data were collected during an interview with each participant thanks to a questionnaire. “Good practice” was defined as regular practice of at least two of three barrier measures: hand washing, physical distancing and mask-wearing. Results: A total of 110 diabetics were included with a female predominance (55.5%) and a mean age of 57 ± 11.3 years. Among them, 89.1% washed their hands, 41.8% respected physical distancing and 12.7% wore a mask. The proportion of good practice was 47.3%. Only 5 practiced the three barrier measures. Only age group was associated with good practice. Conclusion: The study showed a low proportion of good practice of barrier measures against COVID-19 among diabetic people surveyed. It is important to continue the action for COVID-19 prevention among diabetic people in the targeted hospital and in other hospitals in benin.

关键词： COVID-19 barrier Measures Practice Diabetic People benin

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