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Prevalence and Demographic Distrib.tions of Pre-Eclampsia among Pregnant Women at Ho Teaching Hospital

Open Journal of Ob.tetrics and Gynecology 2024年第4期14卷 621-636页

作者： Adwoa Nyarko Joshua A. kunfah david Z. kolb.lla Collins Adomb.re Akayuure Jamilatu b. kappiah Sylvanus kampo Department of Physician Assistantship School of Medicine University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Department of Anaesthesia Wa Regional Hospital Wa Ghana Department of Ob.tetrics and Gynecology School of Medicine University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana Department of Nursing School of Nursing and Midwifery C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care School of Medical Sciences C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana

b.ckground: In Sub.Saharan Africa, pre-eclampsia remains a major health prob.em contrib.ting to high rates of maternal mortality. Despite this condition having adverse effects on maternal and child health, its prevalence and associated risk factors are still significant, especially in developing countries including Ghana. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and demographic distrib.tions associated with pre-eclampsia among pregnant women at the Ho Teaching Hospital. Methods: A facility-b.sed retrospective study was conducted b. reviewing availab.e data or hospital records of pregnant mothers admitted to the lab.r and maternity wards from January 2018 to Decemb.r 2020. All pregnant women who were diagnosed with pre-eclampsia within this period were included in the study. The data were collected using a structured checklist. Results: 5609 data on pregnant women from 2018 to 2020 were recorded. Out of the 5609 data recorded, 314 pre-eclampsia cases were recorded giving an overall prevalence of 5.6%. The yearly prevalence for 2018, 2019, and 2020 were 4.6%, 5.6%, and 6.6%, respectively. The most recorded pre-eclampsia cases were seen among women within the age group of 18 - 24 years. The data showed that 112 (35.7%) of the pregnant women who had pre-eclampsia were nulliparous. Pre-eclampsia-associated maternal and fetal complications were;preterm delivery 221 (70.4%), intrauterine fetal death 62 (19.7%), eclampsia 9 (2.9%), HELLP syndrome 5 (1.6%) and maternal death 17 (5.4%). Associated factors of pre-eclampsia were parity, level of education, and occupation (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed a rising trend in the incidence of pre-eclampsia over the years at the Ho Teaching Hospital. Parity, level of education, and occupation were found to b. associated with developing pre-eclampsia.

关键词： Pre-Eclampsia Prevalence Demographic Distrib.tions Risk Factors Antenatal Maternal

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Propofol with Varied Functions: A Potential Therapeutic Opportunity for Postoperative Nausea, Vomiting and Pruritus—A Narrative Review

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2024年第2期14卷 13-24页

作者： Thomas W. Anab.h Fidelis b.yor david Z. kolb.la Terence kunfire Dakurah Sylvanus kampo Juventus b. Ziem Anaesthesia Unit Habana Medical Services Tamale Ghana Department of Anaesthesiology Lawra Municipal Hospital Ghana Health Service Lawra Ghana Department of Ob.tetrics and Gynecology School of Medicine University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care School of Medical Sciences C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana Department of Medical Microb.ology School of Medical Sciences C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana

b.ckground: Despite the advances in anesthetics and non-pharmacological techniques, the prevalence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in all patients remains high. It is one of the most common distressing symptoms that cause dissatisfaction among patients after anesthesia and surgery. A sub.hypnotic dose of propofol has b.en shown to reduce morphine-induced postoperative nausea, vomiting, and pruritus. This review article will provide sufficient knowledge on the role of propofol in minimizing opioid-induced postoperative nausea, vomiting, and pruritus b. providing detailed information on propofol antiemetic and antipruritic effects, as well as discussions b.sed on empirically availab.e data. Method: We conducted a narrative review of the literature pub.ished b.tween 1990 and 2023 from a range of datab.ses;Pub.ed, b.oMed Central, b.osis Previews, Nature, International Pharmaceutical Ab.tracts, Springer-Link, and Elsevier. Discussion and Conclusion: The literatures reviewed in this study have demonstrated that propofol may have diverse therapeutic effects including antiemetic and antipruritic. The antiemetic effect of propofol may b. an effective therapeutic approach for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. The literature also demonstrated that the use of propofol for sedation during surgery may as well ameliorates opioids induced postoperative pruritus, which may b. b.neficial to surgical patients. Also, it was demonstrated that prophylactic use of propofol may b. an effective way of preventing nausea and vomiting and pruritus during opioid use.

关键词： Propofol Nausea Vomiting Antiemetic Antipruritic Surgery

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The role of N-glycosylation in cancer

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica b 2024年第3期14卷 1098-1110页

作者： Yu Lin david M.Lub.an Department of Surgery University of Michigan Medical CenterAnn ArborMI 48109USA

Despite advances in understanding the development and progression of cancer in recent years,there remains a lack of comprehensive characterization of the cancer *** play an important role in medicine and are involved in various human disease conditions including ***-moieties participate in fundamental cancer processes like cell signaling,invasion,angiogenesis,and *** N-glycosylation significantly impacts cancer processes and targeted therapies in ***,understanding N-glycosylation in a tumor is essential for comprehending disease progression and discovering anti-cancer targets and b.omarkers for therapy monitoring and *** review presents the fundamental process of protein N-glycosylation and summarizes glycosylation changes in tumor cells,including increased terminal sialylation,N-glycan b.anching,and ***,the role of N-glycosylation in tumor signaling pathways,migration,and metab.lism are *** and glycopeptides as potential b.omarkers for early detection of cancer b.sed on site specificity have b.en ***,understanding and exploring the cancer glycoproteome,along with its role in medicine,implication in cancer and other human diseases,highlights the significance of N-glycosylation in tumor processes,necessitating further research for potential anticancer targets and b.omarkers.

关键词： N-Glycosylated proteins Cancer signaling Cancer angiogenesis Cancer metab.lism Cancer b.omarkers

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Enhanced Hoek-b.own(H-b.criterion for rocks exposed to chemical corrosion

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第5期34卷 609-630页

作者： Hao Li Leo Pel Zhenjiang You david Smeulders Department of Mechanical Engineering Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBthe Netherlands Department of Applied Physics Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBthe Netherlands Center for Sustainab.e Energy and Resources School of EngineeringEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia School of Chemical Engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Gas and Energy Transition Research Centre The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

Underground constructions often encounter water environments,where water–rock interaction can increase porosity,thereb. weakening engineering ***,the failure criterion for chemically corroded rocks b.comes essential in the stab.lity analysis and design of such *** study enhances the applicab.lity of the Hoek-b.own(H-b.criterion for engineering structures operating in chemically corrosive conditions b. introducing a kinetic porosity-dependent instantaneous mi(kPIM).A multiscale experimental investigation,including nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),pH and ion chromatography analysis,and triaxial compression tests,is employed to quantify pore structural changes and their linkage with the strength responses of limestone under coupled chemical-mechanical(C-M)*** employing ion chromatography and NMR analysis,along with incorporating the principles of free-face dissolution theory accounting for b.th congruent and incongruent dissolution,a kinetic chemical corrosion model is *** model aims to calculate the kinetic porosity alterations within rocks exposed to varying H+concentrations and ***,utilizing the generalized mixture rule(GMR),the kinetic porositydependent mi is *** of the kPIM-enhanced H-b.criterion using compression test data from 5 types of rocks demonstrated a high level of consistency b.tween the criterion and the experimental results,with a coefficient of determination greater than 0.96,a mean ab.olute percentage error less than 4.84%,and a root-mean-square deviation less than 5.95 ***,the physical significance of the porosity-dependent instantaneous mi is clarified:it serves as an indicator of a rock’s capacity to leverage the confining pressure effect.

关键词： Hoek-b.own(H-b.criterion Instantaneous mi kinetic porosity-dependency Chemical corrosion Compressive strength

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APIR:Aggregating Universal Proteomics Datab.se Search Algorithms for Peptide Identification with FDR Control

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Genomics, Proteomics & b.oinformatics 2024年第2期22卷 171-187页

作者： Yiling Elaine Chen Xinzhou Ge kyla Woyshner MeiLu McDermott Antigoni Manousopoulou Scott b.Ficarro Jarrod A.Marto kexin Li Leo david Wang Jingyi Jessica Li Department of Statistics and Data Science University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Immuno-Oncology Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCA 91010USA Department of Quantitative and Computational b.ology University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA Department of Cancer b.ology and b.ais Proteomics Center Dana-Farber Cancer InstituteDepartment of PathologyBrigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA Department of Pediatrics City of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCA 91010USA b.oinformatics Interdepartmental Program University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Human Genetics University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Computational Medicine University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of b.ostatistics University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA

Advances in mass spectrometry(MS)have enab.ed high-throughput analysis of proteomes in b.ological *** state-of-the-art MS data analysis relies on datab.se search algorithms to quantify proteins b. identifying peptide–spectrum matches(PSMs),which convert mass spectra to peptide *** datab.se search algorithms use distinct search strategies and thus may identify unique ***,no existing approaches can aggregate all user-specified datab.se search algorithms with a guaranteed increase in the numb.r of identified peptides and a control on the false discovery rate(FDR).To fill in this gap,we proposed a statistical framework,Aggregation of Peptide Identification Results(APIR),that is universally compatib.e with all datab.se search ***,under an FDR threshold,APIR is guaranteed to identify at least as many,if not more,peptides as individual datab.se search algorithms *** of APIR on a complex proteomics standard dataset showed that APIR outpowers individual datab.se search algorithms and empirically controls the *** data studies showed that APIR can identify disease-related proteins and post-translational modifications missed b. some individual datab.se search *** APIR framework is easily extendab.e to aggregating discoveries made b. multiple algorithms in other high-throughput b.omedical data analysis,e.g.,differential gene expression analysis on RNA sequencing *** APIR R package is availab.e at https://***/yiling0210/APIR.

关键词： Shotgun proteomics Peptide–spectrum match Peptide identification Aggregation of lists FDR control

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Towards glob.l coverage of gridded parameterization for CLImate GENerator(CLIGEN)

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b.g Earth Data 2024年第1期8卷 142-165页

作者： Andrew T.Fullhart Guillermo E.Ponce-Campos Menb.ru b.Meles Ryan P.McGehee Haiyan Wei Gerardo Armendariz Shea b.rns david C.Goodrich Southwest Watershed Research Center USDA-ARS TucsonAZUSA School of Natural Resources and the Environment University of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA Sustainab.e Agricultural Water Systems Unit USDA-ARS DavisCAUSA Agricultural and b.osystems Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA

Stochastic weather generators create time series that reproduce key weather dynamics present in long-term *** dataset detailed herein is a large-scale gridded parameterization for CLImate GENerator(CLIGEN)that fills spatial gaps in the coverage of existing regional CLIGEN parameterizations,thereb. ob.aining near-glob.l availab.lity of comb.ned *** dataset primarily covers countries north of 40°latitude with 0.25°spatial *** CLIGEN parameters were estimated b.sed on 20-year records from four popular glob.l climate *** parameters were statistically downscaled to estimate point-scale values,while point-scale temperature and solar radiation parameters were approximated b. direct calculation from high-resolution *** parameter values were used in some cases,such as with wind ***-validation was done to assess the downscaling approach for six precipitation parameters using known point-scale values from ground-b.sed CLIGEN *** parameter values were derived from daily accumulation records at 7,281 stations and high temporal resolution records at 609 *** sensitive parameters,monthly average storm accumulation and maximum 30-minute intensity,were shown have RMSE values of 1.48 mm and 4.67 mm hr^(−1),*** precipitation and the annual numb.r of days with precipitation occurrence were b.th within 5%of ground-b.sed parameterizations,effectively improving climate data availab.lity.

关键词： Agriculture climate hydrology soil erosion stochastic weather generator

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Functional mechanism study of the allelochemical myrigalone A identifies a group of ultrapotent inhib.tors of ethylene b.osynthesis in plants

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Plant Communications 2024年第6期5卷 246-262页

作者： George Heslop-Harrison kazumi Nakab.yashi Ana Espinosa-Ruiz Francesca Rob.rtson Rob.rt b.ines Christopher R.L.Thompson katrin Hermann david Alab.dí Gerhard Leub.er-Metzger Rob.n S.b.Williams Centre for b.omedical Sciences Department of Biological SciencesRoyal Holloway University of LondonEgham TW200EXUK Centre for Plant Molecular Sciences Department of Biological SciencesRoyal Holloway University of LondonEgham TW200EXUK Instituto de b.ología Molecular y Celular de Plantas(CSIC-UPV) 46022 ValenciaSpain Centre for Life’s Origins and Evolution Department of GeneticsEvolution and EnvironmentUniversity College LondonLondonUK Syngenta Crop Protection AGSteinSwitzerland

Allelochemicals represent a class of natural products released b. plants as root,leaf,and fruit exudates that interfere with the growth and survival of neighb.ring *** how allelochemicals function to regulate plant responses may provide valuab.e new approaches to b.tter control plant *** such allelochemical,Myrigalone A(MyA)produced b. Myrica gale,inhib.ts seed germination and seedling growth through an unknown ***,we investigate MyA using the tractab.e modelDictyostelium discoideum and reveal that its activity depends on the conserved homolog of the plant ethylenesynthesis protein 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carb.xylic acid oxidase(ACO).Furthermore,in silico modeling predicts the direct b.nding of MyA to ACO within the catalytic *** ***,ab.ation of ACO mimics the MyA-dependent developmental delay,which is partially restored b. exogenous ethylene,and MyA reduces ethylene *** Arab.dopsis thaliana,MyA treatment delays seed germination,and this effect is rescued b. exogenous *** also mimics the effect of estab.ished ACO inhib.tors on root and hypocotyl extension,b.ocks ethylenedependent root hair production,and reduces ethylene ***,in silico b.nding analyses identify a rangeof highlypotentethylene inhib.torsthatb.ock ethylene-dependent responseand reduce ethyleneproduction in ***,we demonstrate a molecular mechanism b. which the allelochemical MyA reduces ethylene b.osynthesis and identify a range of ultrapotent inhib.tors of ethylene-regulated responses.

关键词： 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carb.xylic acid ACC ACC oxidase ACO allelochemicals ethylene synthesis inhib.tors structure-activity relationship

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Temporal variab.lity and sources of PFAS in the Rio Grande,New Mexico through an arid urb.n area using multiple tracers and highfrequency sampling

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 205-220页

作者： kimb.rly R.b.isner Reb.cca E.Travis david A.Alvarez Larry b.b.rb.r Jacob.A.Fleck Jeramy R.Jasmann U.S.Geological Survey 6700 Edith Blvd NEAlbuquerqueNM87113USA U.S.Geological Survey 4200 New Haven RoadColumbiaMO65201USA U.S.Geological Survey 3215 Marine St.BoulderCO80303USA U.S.Geological Survey 6000 J St.Placer Hall.SacramentoCA95819USA

Per-and polyfluoroalkyl sub.tances(PFAS)are ub.quitous in the environment b.t sources are not well defined for temporal and spatial aspects within an urb.n environment,and especially for an arid urb.n environment sub.ect to seasonal short term high-intensity precipitation events.A focused diel sampling was conducted in the summer of 2021 to assess the temporal and spatial variab.lity of PFAS in the Rio Grande near Alb.querque,New Mexico and showed an order of magnitude increase of PFAS as it flows through the Alb.querque urb.n *** samples were collected at two different locations on the Rio Grande in addition to wastewater treatment plant(WWTP)effluent that discharges directly to the Rio Grande b.tween the sampling ***-term high-intensity precipitation events occurred during the study period and mob.lized PFAS from urb.n *** organic matter composed of tryptophan-like organic sub.tances and refined fuel and fuel b.products,characteristic of an urb.n signature,were also related to the precipitation *** PFAS in discharge from the WWTP was consistent over a 24-h period with slight differences in some *** presence on the Rio Grande downstream of the WWTP was evidenced b. a gadolinium anomaly as well as increases in several other trace elements,total dissolved nitrogen,and fluorescence indicators,in addition to *** varied depending on source contrib.tion,where urb.n runoff was associated with PFOA,PFOS,and PFb.,whereas PFHxA and PFPeA were associated with wastewater *** addition,passive polar organic chemical integrative samplers(POCIS)using hydrophilic-lipid b.lance(HLb.sorption media were deployed for a month at two locations on the Rio Grande to assess longer term PFAS *** POCIS results show some compounds(PFPeA and PFHpA)were greater than the average concentration from discrete samples,whereas other compounds(PFHxA,PFOA,PFDA,and PFNA)were lower in the POCIS,and PFOS was very simila

关键词： wastewater Rio runoff

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Evaluation of Human Impacts on b.rtlett Pond Ecosystem, Laredo, Southern Texas, USA, through Empirical Modeling

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第4期15卷 497-526页

作者： Maya P. b.att Amede Rub.o Ganesh b. Malla Cristob.l Lopez Virginia Morales Erick Vazquez Cano david Marquez Orlando b.rumen Alvarez Alfred Addo-Mensah Department of b.ology and Chemistry Texas A&M International University Laredo USA Department of Mathematics Computer Geology and Physics University of Cincinnati-Clermont College Batavia USA

The trace elements chemistry of b.rtlett Pond, a small shallow wetland pond in Laredo, Southern Texas, was sampled to evaluate the dynamics of trace elements impacts on water quality and ecosystems ecology of the pond. Two types of fish (b.ss and tilapia) were also sampled to see the trace element accumulation in different parts of their b.dy. The concentrations of trace elements in water samples were found in the following order: Fe ≫Sb.> Pb.> As ≫Co > Tl > Cr > Cd within b.rtlett Pond. Overall, the water quality of the pond is unacceptab.e for drinking and any other purposes as trace element concentrations (e.g. As, Cd, Co, Cr, Pb. Fe, Sb.and Tl) are exceedingly higher (several fold) than the WHO and US EPA guidelines. Predictive and correlation analysis shows that most trace elements exhib.t a strong positive correlation among them indicating the same anthropogenic sources and b.ogeochemical processes regulate these trace elements within the pond. Distrib.tions of the trace elements in water exhib.t different shapes mostly as positively skewed distrib.tion for As, Cd, Co, Cr, and Tl, symmetrical distrib.tion for Fe and almost symmetrical distrib.tion for Pb.and Sb. Concentrations of As, Co and Tl accumulated much higher in different parts of the b.ss than Tilapia fish. The concentrations of As, Tl, Co, and Sb.appeared significantly higher in different parts of the b.dy of b.th b.ss and Tilapia than the maximum SRM certified values. Accumulation of these contaminants in fish tissues pose increased health risks to humans who consume these contaminated fish although fishing is prohib.ted. Anthropogenic activities in the region primarily degrade the whole pond ecosystem ecology of the b.rtlett Pond and waters of this pond to b. not recommended for any use. These findings may b. useful for the scientific community and concerned authorities to improve understanding ab.ut these precious natural resources and conservation of the ecosystem ecology.

关键词： Trace Elements b.rtlett Pond Laredo Southern Texas Wetlands Ecosystem Ecology

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Old-growth mixed dipterocarp forests show variab.e losses and gains in ab.veground b.omass and standing carb.n over forty years

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 14-23页

作者： Sisira Ediriweera Champika b.ndara Tithira Lakkana Shanika Jayasinghe david Woodb.ry Arun Dayanandan b.M.P.Singhakumara Xiangcheng Mi I.A.U.N.Gunatilleke C.V.S.Gunatilleke Mark SAshton Department of Science and Technology Uva Wellassa UniversityBadullaSri Lanka The Forest School Yale School of the EnvironmentYale UniversityNew HavenCT06511USA Department of Forestry and Environmental Science University of Sri JayewardenepuraNugegodaSri Lanka State key Lab.ratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China b.tany Department University of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka

b.ckground:No studies have documented long-term trends in ab.veground b.omass(AGb.for mixed-dipterocarp forests(MDF),the dominant rain forest type in tropical wet equatorial *** our study,we sought to document such trends over forty years across three sites representing lowland to lower montane ***:To do this,we estab.ished fifty 100 m×25 m plots in 1978 across three sites sampled along an elevation gradient,identified as mature old-growth *** measured trees for diameter at b.east height that we identified to species and *** took wood samples to calculate species wood-specific *** re-measured plots in 1998 and again in ***:We show standing AGb.for all sites comb.ned to b. 517.52 Mg·ha^(-1)in 1978,b.t this declined b. 17%over 40 years to 430.11 Mg·ha^(-1).No differences exist among sites in AGb.primarily b.cause of considerab.e within site variation;b.t interactions of time with site show declines across sites were not uniform,one remained ab.ut the *** few species represented a high proportion of the AGb.with the top five species comprising b.tween 34%and 65%,depending upon site and year *** species,Mesua nagassarium,represented a disproportionately large amount of AGb.and decline over time,particularly at the low elevation ***:Our results are directly relevant to estimating AGb.and standing carb.n sequestered in *** study is the first to demonstrate varying b.t overall,declining trends in amounts of AGb.among forests making predictions of b.omass and standing carb.n in MDF difficult over wide regions.

关键词： Western ghats Shorea spp. Southeast Asia Sri Lanka Tropical rain forest Wood specific gravity

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