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火炸药学报 2015年第4期38卷 1-4页

作者： david b.LEMPERT Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences Semenov av.1ChernogolovkaMoscow Region 142432 Russia

It is shown that it is not correct to estimate energetic characteristics of different compounds of solid composite propellants by evaluation of the specific impulse values of these components serving as an only component in the *** an approach may turn the researcher to a wrong *** has to compare compound′s potential in formulations close to real,*** least with necessary amount of *** of specific impulse upon element content of highenthalpy CHNO oxidizer,its enthalpy of formation,and kind of binder have been found.

关键词： solid composite propellants high-enthalpy oxidizer energetic parameters estimation specific impulse

A novel diagnostic gene region for distinguishing between two pest fruit flies:bactrocera tryoni(Froggatt)and bactrocera neohumeralis(Hardy)(Diptera:Tephritidae)

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1285-1295页

作者： Melissa L.Starkie Elizabeth V.Fowler Alexander M.Piper Xiaocheng Zhu Pauline Wyatt david Gopurenko Matt N.Krosch Francesca Strutt Karen F.Armstrong Hamish Patrick Mark K.Schutze Mark J.blacket Department of Agriculture and Fisheries BiosecurityBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Agriculture Victoria AgriBioBundooraVictoriaAustralia Department of Primary Industries Wagga Wagga Agricultural InstituteWagga WaggaNew South WalesAustralia Forensic Services Group Queensland Police ServiceBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of Pest-management and Conservation Lincoln UniversityLincolnNew Zealand better border biosecurity(b3 B3nz.org.nz)LincolnNew Zealand

bactrocera tryoni and bactrocera neohumeralis are morphologically similar sibling pest fruit fly species that possess different biological attributes,geographic distributions,and host *** need to differentiate between the two species is critical for accurate pest status assessment,management,biosecurity,and maintenance of reference *** morphologically similar,adults may be separated based on subtle characters;however,some characters exhibit intraspecific variability,creating overlap between the two ***,there is currently no single molecular marker or rapid diagnostic assay that can reliably distinguish between *** and ***;therefore,ambiguous samples remain *** we report the first molecular marker that can consistently distinguish between *** and *** diagnostic region consists of two adjacent single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)within the pangolin(pan)gene *** confirmed the genotypes of each species are consistent across their distributional range,then developed a tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system(ARMS)PCR assay for rapid diagnosis of the *** assay utilizes four primers in multiplex,with two outer universal primers,and two internal primers:one designed to target two adjacent SNPs(AA)present in *** and the other targeting adjacent SNPs present in ***(GG).The assay accurately discriminates between the two species,but their SNP genotypes are shared with other nontarget tephritid fruit fly ***,this assay is most suited to adult diagnostics where species confirmation is necessary in determining ambiguous surveillance trap catches;maintaining pure colony lines;and in Sterile Insect Technique management responses.

关键词： ARMS-PCR colony molecular diagnostics pangolin tetra-primer

LRRK2 mutant knock-in mouse models: therapeutic relevance in Parkinson’s disease

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 790-808页

作者： Eunice Eun Seo Chang Philip Wing-Lok Ho Hui-Fang Liu Shirley Yin-Yu Pang Chi-Ting Leung Yasine Malki Zoe Yuen-Kiu Choi david boyer ramsden Shu-Leong Ho Division of Neurology Department of MedicineQueen Mary HospitalUniversity of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong KongChina Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research University of BirminghamBirminghamUK.

Mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 gene (LRRK2) are one of the most frequent genetic causes of both familial and sporadic Parkinson’s disease (PD). Mounting evidence has demonstrated pathological similarities between LRRK2-associated PD (LRRK2-PD) and sporadic PD, suggesting that LRRK2 is a potential disease modulator and a thera-peutic target in PD. LRRK2 mutant knock-in (KI) mouse models display subtle alterations in pathological aspects that mirror early-stage PD, including increased susceptibility of nigrostriatal neurotransmission, development of motor and non-motor symptoms, mitochondrial and autophagy-lysosomal defects and synucleinopathies. This review provides a rationale for the use of LRRK2 KI mice to investigate the LRRK2-mediated pathogenesis of PD and implications from current findings from different LRRK2 KI mouse models, and ultimately discusses the therapeutic potentials against LRRK2-associated pathologies in PD.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease LRRK2 Knock-in mouse model Neurotransmission Motor dysfunction Autophagy Lysosome Mitochondrial dysfunction Synucleinopathy Hyperkinase activity LRRK2 inhibitor

Review of screening for pancreatic cancer in high risk individuals

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第19期17卷 2365-2371页

作者： Alina Stoita Ian D Penman david b Williams Department of Gastroenterology St Vincent's Hospital 390 Victoria StreetDarlinghurst2010NSWAustralia Centre for Liver and Digestive Disorders Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh51 Little France CrescentEdinburghEH16 4SAUnited Kingdom

Pancreatic cancer is difficult to diagnose at an early stage and is associated with a very poor *** percent of pancreatic cancers result from genetic susceptibility and/or familial *** from families with multiple affected first-degree relatives and those with a known cancer-causing genetic mutation have been shown to be at much higher risk of developing pancreatic *** efforts have focused on detecting disease at an earlier stage to improve survival in these high-risk *** article reviews high-risk groups,screening methods,and current screening programs and their results.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Familial cancer Cancer screening Risk factors Endoscopic ultrasound Hereditary cancer

Three-Dimensional Sub-100 nm Super-Resolution Imaging of biological Samples Using a Phase Ramp in the Objective Pupil

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Nano Research 2011年第6期4卷 589-598页

作者： david baddeley Mark b. Cannell Christian Soeller Department of Physiology University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1142 New Zealand

Localisation microscopy overcomes the diffraction limit by measuring the position of individual molecules to obtain optical images with a lateral resolution better than 30 nm. Single molecule localisation microscopy was originally demonstrated only in two dimensions but has recently been extended to three dimensions. Here we develop a new approach to three-dimensional （3D） localisation microscopy by engineering of the point-spread function （PSF） of a fluorescence microscope. by introducing a linear phase gradient between the two halves of the objective pupil plane the PSF is split into two lateral lobes whose relative position depends on defocus. Calculations suggested that the phase gradient resulting from the very small tolerances in parallelism of conventional slides made from float glass would be sufficient to generate a two-lobed PSF. We demonstrate that insertion of a suitably chosen microscope slide that occupies half the objective aperture combined with a novel fast fitting algorithm for 3D localisation estimation allows nanoscopic imaging with detail resolution well below 100 nm in all three dimensions （standard deviations of 20, 16, and 42 nm in x, y, and z directions, respectively）. The utility of the approach is shown by imaging the complex 3D distribution of microtubules in cardiac muscle cells that were stained with conventional near infrared fluorochromes. The straightforward optical setup, minimal hardware requirements and large axial localisation range make this approach suitable for many nanoscopic imaging applications.

关键词： Single molecules nanoscopy point-spread function engineering immunocytochemistry localisation microscopy

Semisynthetic Derivatives of Sissotrin Isolated from Trifolium baccarinii Chiov. (Fabaceae) and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial Activities

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Advances in biological Chemistry 2024年第1期14卷 27-39页

作者： Donald Léonel Feugap Tsamo Cyrille Ngoufack Tagousop Arnaud Joseph Nguetse Dongmo Laurence Voutquenne-Nazabadioko david Ngnokam Research Unit of Applied and Environmental Chemistry Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of basic Scientific Studies University Institute of Technology University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon Groupe Isolement et Structure Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR) Reims France

Starting from sissotrin (1), a natural isoflavonoid isolated from Trifolium baccarinii (Fabaceae), one new semisynthetic derivative, 6-nitrobiochanin A (1b) and two known derivatives, 8-nitrobiochanin A (1a) and 2",3",4",6"-tetraacetylsissotrin (1c) have been obtained after performing nitration and acetylation reactions. Their structures were assigned after interpretation of their spectrometric (HR-ESI-MS) and spectroscopic (NMR 1D and 2D) data and by comparison with those reported in the literature. The substrate as well as the semisynthetic derivatives were evaluated for their antibacterial activities against six strains. The results reveal that they are inactive or weakly active on the strains tested with the exception of 8-nitrobiochanin A (1a) which showed moderate activity (MIC = 62.5 μg∙mL−1) on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300.

关键词： Trifolium baccarinii Isoflavonoid Nitration Acetylation Antibacterial Activity

Quantitative and qualitative subgenomic RNA profiles of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory samples: A comparison between Omicron bA.2 and non-VOC-D614G

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 218-227页

作者： Zigui Chen Rita Way Yin Ng Grace Lui Lowell Ling Agnes S.Y.Leung Chit Chow Siaw Shi boon Wendy C.S.Ho Maggie Haitian Wang Renee Wan Yi Chan Albert Martin Li david Shu Cheong Hui Paul Kay Sheung Chan Department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Paediatrics Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants are notorious for their transmissibility,but little is known about their subgenomic RNA(sgRNA)*** study applied RNA-seq to delineate the quantitative and qualitative profiles of canonical sgRNA of 118 respiratory samples collected from patients infected with Omicron bA.2 and compared with 338 patients infected with non-variant of concern(non-VOC)-D614G.A unique characteristic profile depicted by the relative abundance of 9 canonical sgRNAs was reproduced by both bA.2 and non-VOCD614G regardless of host gender,age and presence of ***,such profile was lost in samples with low viral load,suggesting a potential application of sgRNA pattern to indicate viral activity of individual patient at a specific time point.A characteristic qualitative profile of canonical sgRNAs was also reproduced by both bA.2 and *** presence of a full set of canonical sgRNAs carried a coherent correlation with crude viral load(AUC¼0.91,95%CI 0.88–0.94),and sgRNA ORF7b was identified to be the best surrogate marker allowing feasible routine application in characterizing the infection status of individual *** potentials in using sgRNA as a target for vaccine and antiviral development are worth pursuing.

关键词： Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Omicron bA.2 Non-VOC-D614G RNA-seq Subgenomic RNA(sgRNA)

Multi-wavelength observations of the 2014 June 11 M3.9 flare: temporal and spatial characteristics

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2019年第7期19卷 123-132页

作者： Damian J.Christian david Kuridze david b.Jess Menoa Yousefi Mihalis Mathioudakis Department of Physics and Astronomy California State University NorthridgeNorthridgeCA 91330USA Institute of Mathematics Physics and Computer ScienceAberystwyth UniversityCeredigionCymruSY23 3UK Astrophysics Research Center School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen's University BelfastBelfast BT7 INNUK

We present multi-wavelength observations of an M-class flare(M3.9) that occurred on 2014 June *** observations were conducted with the Dunn Solar Telescope(DST),employing adaptive optics,the multi-camera system Rapid Oscillations in Solar Atmosphere(ROSA),the new Hydrogen-Alpha Rapid Dynamics camera(HARDcam) in various wavelengths,such as Ca II K,Mg I b2(at 5172.7 A),and Hα narrow band and G-band continuum *** were re-constructed using the Kiepenheuer-Institut Speckle Interferometry Package(KISIP) code,to improve our image *** observed intensity increases of ≈120%–150% in the Mg,Ca K and Hα narrow band filters during the *** increases for the flare observed in the SDO EUV channels were several times larger,and the X-rays,as recorded by GOES,increased over a factor of 30 for the harder *** a modest delay was found between the onset of flare ribbons of a nearby sympathetic flare and the main flare ribbons observed in these narrow band *** peak flare emission occurred within a few seconds for the Ca K,Mg and Hα *** techniques indicate propagation velocities of ≈60 km s^-1 for the main flare ribbon and as high as300 km s^-1 for smaller regions,which we attribute to filament *** result and delays and velocities observed with SDO(≈100 km s^-1) for different coronal heights agree well with the simple model of energy propagation versus height,although a more detailed model for the flaring solar atmosphere is ***,we detected marginal quasi-periodic pulsations(QPPs) in the 40–60 s range for the Ca K,Mg and Hα bands,and such measurements are important for disentangling the detailed flare-physics.

关键词： magnetic reconnection-Sun flares-Sun atmosphere

Inhibiting the kynurenine pathway in spinal cord injury: multiple therapeutic potentials?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第12期13卷 2073-2076页

作者： Kelly R.Jacobs david b.Lovejoy Neuroinflammation Group Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Macquarie University

Chronic induction of the kynurenine pathway（KP） contributes to neuroinflammation by producing the excitotoxin quinolinic acid（QUIN）. This has led to significant interest in the development of inhibitors of this pathway, particularly in the context of neurodegenerative disease. However, acute spinal cord injury（SCI） also results in deleterious increases in QUIN, as secondary inflammatory processes mediated largely by infiltrating macrophages, become predominant. QUIN mediates significant neurotoxicity primarily by excitotoxic stimulation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, but other mechanisms of QUIN toxicity are known. More recent focus has assessed the contribution that neuroinflammation and modulations in the KP make in mood and psychiatric disorders with recent studies linking inflammation and modulations in the KP, to impaired cognitive performance and depressed mood in SCI patients. We hypothesize that these findings suggest that in SCI, inhibition of QUIN production and other metabolites, may have multiple therapeutic modalities and further studies investigating this are warranted. However, for central nervous system-based conditions, achieving good blood-brain-barrier permeability continues to be a limitation of current KP inhibitors.

关键词： spinal cord injury neuroinflammation kynurenine pathway activated microglia infiltrating macrophages quinolinic acid neuropsychiatry depression

Issues in the application of Digital Surface Model data to correct the terrain illumination effects in Landsat images

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2015年第3期8卷 235-257页

作者： Fuqin Li david L.b.Jupp Medhavy Thankappan National Earth Observation Group Geoscience AustraliaCanberraACTAustralia CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric ResearchCanberraACTAustralia

The accuracy of topographic correction of Landsat data based on a Digital Surface Model(DSM)depends on the quality,scale and spatial resolution of the DSM data used and the co-registration between the DSM and the satellite image.A physics-based bidirectional reflectance distribution function(bRDF)and atmospheric correction model in conjunction with a 1-second DSM was used to conduct the analysis in this *** results show that for the examples used from Australia,the 1-second DSM,can provide an effective product for this ***,it was found that some remaining artefacts in the DSM data,originally due to radar shadow,can still cause significant local errors in the *** they occur,false shadows and over-corrected surface reflectance factors can be *** generally,accurate co-registration between satellite images and DSM data was found to be critical for effective ***-registration by one or two pixels could lead to large errors of retrieved surface reflectance factors in gully and ridge *** low-resolution DSM data in conjunction with high-resolution satellite images will also fail to correct significant terrain components where they occur at the finer scales of the satellite *** resolution appropriate to the resolution of satellite image and the roughness of the terrain is needed for effective results,and the rougher the terrain,the more critical will be the accurate registration.

关键词： Digital Surface Models Landsat topographic correction mis-registration scale and resolution