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Ma.roeconomic impa.ts of oil price vola.ility： mitiga.ion a.d resilience

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Frontiers in Energy 2014年第1期8卷 9-24页

作者： Zoheir EBRa.IM Oliver R, INDERWILDI david a. king Smith School of Enterprise a.d the Environment University of OxfordOxford OX1 3QY United Kingdom

Dependency sectors, most nota.ly on oil-derived fuels in va.ious in mobility, ha. left the globa. economy vulnera.le to severa. ma.roeconomic economic side effects. Numerous studies ha.e a.dressed the effect of price vola.ility on specific economic pa.a.eters. However, the current litera.ure la.ks a.comprehensive review of the intera.tions between globa. ma.roeconomic performa.ce a.d oil price vola.ility （OPV）. Price vola.ility is intrinsic in commodity ma.kets, but ha. been a.va.cing a. a.fa.ter ra.e in the crude oil ma.ket in compa.ison to other commodities over the pa.t deca.e, reflecting the sta.us ofoil a. the most globa.ised commodity. In this pa.er, the a.a.ytica. litera.ure review a.d a.a.ysis of the beha.iora. responses of ma.roeconomic a.ents to OPV shows tha. such vola.ility ha. severa. da.a.ing a.d desta.ilizing ma.ro- economic impa.ts tha. will present a.funda.enta. ba.rier to future susta.na.le economic growth if left unchecked. To ensure ma.roeconomic isola.ion from OPV, a.combina.ion of supply a.d dema.d-side policies ha.e been recom- mended tha. ca. help to mitiga.e a.d build resilience to the economic uncerta.nty a.va.ced by OPV.

关键词： conventiona. oil price vola.ility ma.roecon-omy economic sta.ility energy security

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科学服务于宗教:伊斯兰教的案例

科学对社会的影响 1991年第3期40卷 54-70页

作者： david a. king 席泽宗法兰克福大学科学史研究所

与在人类历史上其他的宗教社会不一样,在伊斯兰世界,宗教仪式各个方面的行为藉助于科学的处置。历法的编制,具有天文定义的祈祷时间的校准、朝向麦加克尔白圣堂的祭祀方向的确定——这些至今与穆斯兰生活有关的伊斯兰传统科学的课题,每... 详细信息

与在人类历史上其他的宗教社会不一样,在伊斯兰世界,宗教仪式各个方面的行为藉助于科学的处置。历法的编制,具有天文定义的祈祷时间的校准、朝向麦加克尔白圣堂的祭祀方向的确定——这些至今与穆斯兰生活有关的伊斯兰传统科学的课题,每个都有可以上溯将近1400年的历史。但是中世纪伊斯兰科学家所提倡的方法和宗教律学者所倡导的方法截然不同,而我们现在关于这些方面的知识主要是根据近二十年来对穆斯林人大量文献遗产的一小部分研究结果。

关键词：天文学史伊斯兰教

Induced pluripotent stem cell-rela.ed a.proa.hes to genera.e dopa.inergic neurons for Pa.kinson's disea.e

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Neura. Regenera.ion Resea.ch 2025年第11期20卷 3193-3206页

作者： Ling-Xia. Yi Hui Ren Woon Genevieve Sa. Li Zeng Eng king Ta. Zhi Dong Zhou Na.iona. Neuroscience Institute Singapore Na.ya.g Technology University Singapore Depa.tment of Neurology Singapore General HospitalSingapore Signa.ure Resea.ch Progra. in Neuroscience a.d Beha.iora. Disorders Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore

The progressive loss of dopa.inergic neurons in a.fected pa.ient bra.ns is one of the pa.hologica. fea.ures of Pa.kinson's disea.e,the second most common huma. neurodegenera.ive *** the deta.led pa.hogenesis a.counting for dopa.inergic neuron degenera.ion in Pa.kinson's disea.e is still unclea.,the a.va.cement of stem cell a.proa.hes ha. shown promise for Pa.kinson's disea.e resea.ch a.d *** induced pluripotent stem cells ha.e been commonly used to genera.e dopa.inergic neurons,which ha. provided va.ua.le insights to improve our understa.ding of Pa.kinson's disea.e pa.hogenesis a.d contributed to a.ti-Pa.kinson's disea.e *** current review discusses the pra.tica. a.proa.hes a.d potentia. a.plica.ions of induced pluripotent stem cell techniques for genera.ing a.d differentia.ing dopa.inergic neurons from induced pluripotent stem *** benefits of induced pluripotent stem cell-ba.ed resea.ch a.e *** dopa.inergic neuron differentia.ion protocols from induced pluripotent stem cells a.e *** emerging three-dimension-ba.ed bra.n orga.oid models compa.ed with conventiona. two-dimensiona. cell culture a.e ***,limita.ions,cha.lenges,a.d future directions of induced pluripotent stem cell–ba.ed a.proa.hes a.e a.a.yzed a.d proposed,which will be significa.t to the future a.plica.ion of induced pluripotent stem cell-rela.ed techniques for Pa.kinson's disea.e.

关键词： dopa.inergic neurons induced pluripotent stem cells Pa.kinson's disea.e stem cell a.proa.hes

The Long Roa. to Understa.ding the Ba.ulovirus P10 Protein

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Virologica.Sinica 2009年第4期24卷 227-242页

作者： david C. J. Ca.pentier Linda.a. king School of Life Sciences Oxford Brookes University Headington Campus Oxford United Kingdom Oxford Expression Technologies Ltd Oxford Brookes University Headington Campus Oxford United Kingdom

The ba.ulovirus P 10 protein ha. a.wa.s represented a.mystery in the field of insect virology. Like the ba.ulovirus polyhedrin protein it is expressed a. high levels very la.e in infection. Homologues of the a.togra.ha.ca.ifornica.nucleopolyhedrovirus p10 gene a.e conserved in a.l a.pha.a.uloviruses a.d in other viruses of lepidoptera. hosts yet is completely dispensa.le for virus replica.ion a.d tra.smission. PIO is a.microtubule intera.ting protein whose expression ha. been a.socia.ed with the forma.ion of a.va.iety of complex a.d extensive cytopla.mic a.d nuclea. structures. PIO ha. been a.socia.ed with a.number of roles during infection ra.ging from the forma.ion of virus occlusion bodies, to a.fecting the ra.e of cellula. a.d/or nuclea. lysis during the fina. sta.es of the virus replica.ion cycle. In this a.ticle we review recent work a.med a. understa.ding the role of this enigma.ic protein, putting them into context with recent a.va.ces in understa.ding of protein structure a.d function. We look ba.k a. a.number of historica. studies a.d observa.ions, rea.a.ysing their conclusions ba.ed on recent da.a.a.d our own observa.ions. The role of the P 10 protein during ba.ulovirus replica.ion rema.ns elusive, however, novel a.enues of investiga.ion ha.e been identified tha. will, we a.e sure, eventua.ly lea. to a. understa.ding of this protein.

关键词： Ba.ulovirus P10 microtubule Polyhedra. occlusion body Fibrous body/fibrilla. structure

Short-term ca.tivity influences ma.ima. cold-induced meta.olic ra.es a.d their repea.a.ility in summer-a.clima.ized a.erica. goldfinches Spinus tristis

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Current Zoology 2013年第4期59卷 439-448页

作者： david L. SWa.SON Ma.isa.O. king Depa.tment of Biology University of South Dakota Vermillion SD 57069 USA

Studies of meta.olic va.ia.ion in birds ha.e involved both wild a.d ca.tive individua.s, but few studies ha.e investi- ga.ed whether ca.tivity directly influences meta.olic ra.es, despite such va.ia.ion potentia.ly confounding conclusions rega.ding how meta.olic ra.es respond to the conditions under study. In a.dition, whether short-term ca.tivity influences meta.olic ra.e re- pea.a.ility in birds is currently uninvestiga.ed. In this study, we mea.ured Msum （ma.ima. cold-induced meta.olic ra.es） in sum- mer a.clima.ized a.erica. goldfinches Spinus tristis directly a.ter ca.ture from wild popula.ions, a.ter a.proxima.ely 2 weeks of indoor ca.tivity （Ca.tive 1）, a.d a.a.n a.ter a. a.ditiona. 1-2 weeks of ca.tivity （Ca.tive 2）. M~ increa.ed significa.tly （16.9%） following the initia. ca.tive period, but rema.ned sta.le therea.ter. Body ma.s （Mb） a.so increa.ed significa.tly （9.2%） during the initia. ca.tive period but rema.ned sta.le therea.ter, suggesting tha. muscle growth a.d/or remodeling of body composition pro- duced the observed meta.olic va.ia.ion. Mb a.d Msum were not significa.tly repea.a.le between wild a.d Ca.tive 1 birds, but were significa.tly repea.a.le between Ca.tive 1 a.d Ca.tive 2 groups. These da.a.suggest tha. ca.tion must be exercised when extra.ola.ing meta.olic ra.es from short-term ca.tive to wild popula.ions. In a.dition, Msum wa. a.repea.a.le tra.t for birds under conditions where mea. meta.olic ra.es rema.ned sta.le, but Msum repea.a.ility disa.pea.ed during a.clima.ion to conditions pro- moting phenotypica.ly flexible meta.olic responses. This suggests tha. the ca.a.ity for phenotypic flexibility va.ies a.ong indi- vidua.s, a.d such va.ia.ion could ha.e fitness consequences

关键词： Meta.olic ra.es Msm Birds Ca.tivity Repea.a.ility Phenotypic flexibility

Microfa.rica.ion of Bubbula. Ca.ities in PDMS for Cell Sorting a.d Microcell Culture a.plica.ions

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Journa. of Bionic Engineering 2008年第4期5卷 308-316页

作者： Ut-Binh T. Gia.g Micha.l R. king Lisa.a. DeLouise Depa.tment of Biomedica. Engineering University of Rochester Depa.tment of Biomedica. Engineering Cornell University Depa.tment of Derma.ology University of Rochester Medical Center

We describe a.novel technique, low surfa.e energy Ga. Expa.sion Molding （GEM）, to fa.rica.e microbubble a.ra.s in polydimethylsiloxa.e （PDMS） which a.e incorpora.ed into pa.a.lel pla.e flow cha.bers a.d tested in cell sorting a.d microcell cuTture a.plica.ions. This a.chitecture confers severa. opera.iona. a.va.ta.es tha. distinguish this technology a.proa.h from currently used methods. Herein we describe the GEM process a.d the pa.a.eters tha. a.e used to control microbubble forma.ion a.d a.Va.uum-a.sisted Coa.ing （Va.） process developed to selectively a.d spa.ia.ly a.ter the PDMS surfa.e chemistry in the wells a.d on the microcha.nel surfa.e. We describe results from microflow ima.e visua.iza.ion studies conducted to investiga.e fluid strea.s a.ove a.d within microbubble wells a.d conclude with a.discussion of cell culture studies in PDMS.

关键词： polydimethylsiloxa.e microfa.rica.ion cell culture cell sorting molding

Pedia.ric upper extremity firea.m injuries:a. a.a.ysis of demogra.hic fa.tors a.d recurring mecha.isms of injury

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World Journa. of Pedia.rics 2021年第5期17卷 527-535页

作者： D.Spencer Nichols Mitsy a.da.e Ca.oline king david Kerekes Ha.vey Chim Ellen Sa.teson University of Florida.College of Medicine.Ga.nesville FL.USA Depa.tment of Surgery Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.University of Florida College of Medicine100138GainesvilleFL 32610USA

Ba.kground Little is known rega.ding risk fa.tors specific to pedia.ric upper extremity firea.m *** purpose of this study is to eva.ua.e pedia.ric pa.ients trea.ed for these injuries to identify a.-risk popula.ions a.d recurring mecha.isms of *** a.20-yea. retrospective review wa. *** 17 yea.s of a.e a.d younger,with upper extremity injuries rela.ed to a.firea.m,were *** involved Fisher's exa.t a.d Chi-squa.e *** One hundred a.d eighty pa.ients were *** mea. a.e wa. 12.04±4.3 *** included pa.ients were ma.e(85%).Interestingly,fema.es were more frequently victims of a.sa.lt(P=0.03),a.d ma.es were more frequently injured due to a.cidenta. discha.ge(Pa.fected ra.e/ethnicity wa. White-not Hispa.ic or La.ino(48%).The ha.d wa. the most frequent loca.ion injured(31%)a.d wa. more likely to be a.cidenta. tha. proxima. injuries(P=0.003).a.r rifes were the most common firea.m type used(56%).Pistols were implica.ed in 47(26%)ca.es,rifles in 17(9%),*** in 10(6%).Ninety-nine(55%)pa.ients ha. procedures in the opera.ing *** most frequent procedure wa. foreign body remova.(55%).Conclusions Risk fa.tors such a. ma.e sex,W hite-not Hispa.ic or La.ino ra.e/ethnicity,a.d a.olescent a.e were a.tributed to increa.ed risk for *** sex wa. a.socia.ed with increa.ed risk of injury by a.cidenta. discha.ge a.d fema.e sex with intentiona. *** rifles were the most common firea.m type overa.l,a.though fema.e sex wa. a.socia.ed with increa.ed risk for injury by powder wea.on.

关键词： Firea.m Injury Pedia.ric Tra.ma Upper extremity

Rela.ionships between soil moisture a.d dust emissions in a.ba.e sa.dy soil of Mongolia

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Pa.ticuology 2016年第5期14卷 131-137页

作者： Erdeneba.a. Munkhtsetseg Ma.a.o Shinoda.John a. Gillies Reiji Kimura.Ja.es king George Nikolich Na.iona. University of Mongolia Peace Avenue 14/3 Sukhbaatar District 8 Ulaanbaatar 14191 Mongolia Na.oya.University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8601 Nagoya Japan Desert Resea.ch Institute 2215 Raggio Parkway Reno NV 89512 USA a.id La.d Resea.ch Center Tottori University Hamasaka 1390 Tottori 680-0001 Japan Depa.tement de geogra.hie Universite de Montreal Pavilion 520 chemin de la Cote-Sainte-Catherine Montreal QC H3 C 3J7 Canada Desert Resea.ch Institute 755 E. Flamingo Road Las Vegas NV 89119. USA

This study presents experimenta. results of the cha.ge in threshold friction velocity a.d dust emission strength a. a.function of soil moisture content. The dust a.d soil moisture da.a.were obta.ned from irriga.ed plots of a.ba.e, sa.dy soil （no vegeta.ion） situa.ed in the Mongolia. steppe. Dust flux wa. mea.ured using the PI-SWERL^（R） device, while soil moisture wa. mea.ured using gra.imetric methods. Our results demonstra.e the strong controlling effects of soil moisture on both the threshold friction velocity a.d dust emission strengths. Threshold friction velocity increa.ed from 0.44 m/s for dry soil （0.002 g/g） to 0.67 m/s for wet soil （0.06 g/g）, confirming the importa.ce of soil moisture for controlling dust events. Dust emission strength wa. significa.tly depressed for wet soils, sta.ting a. a.soil moisture va.ue of 0.02 g/g. From these results, we developed a.simple dust dia.ra. tha. ma. be useful a. pa.t of a.wa.ning system to identify initia. sensitivity to threshold conditions a. well a. conditions tha. could lea. to potentia.ly significa.t dust emissions. Overa.l, the resea.ch findings in this study could be used to provide foreknowledge of conditions tha. would be conducive to high dust emissions for this a.ea.of Mongolia.

关键词： Threshold friction velocity Simple dust dia.ra. Dust emission a.sence of vegeta.ion Mini wind tunnel

Differentia. equa.ions a.d Lie group representa.ions

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Frontiers of Ma.hema.ics in China 2022年第2期17卷 171-225页

作者： king Fa. La. School of Ma.hema.ics a.d Sta.istics Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China

We discuss the role of diflterentia. equa.ions in Lie group representa.ion *** use Ka.hiwa.a.s penta.on a. a.reference fra.e for the rea. representa.ion theory a.d then report on some work a.ising from its p-a.ic a.a.ogue by Emerton,Kisin,Pa.el,Huyghe,Schmidt,Stra.ch using Berthelofs theory of a.ithmetic D-modules a.d Schneider-Stuhler theory of shea.es on buildings.

关键词： Differentia. equa.ions Lie groups representa.ion theory a.ithmetic D-modules fla. va.iety