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Evolutiona.y responses to clima.e cha.ge a.d conta.ina.ts： Evidence a.d experimenta. a.proa.hes

Current Zoology 2015年第4期61卷 690-701页

作者： david a. KIMBERLY Depa.tment of Biology Westminster College 442 Meldrum Science Center Salt Lake City UT 84105 USA Depa.tment of Environmenta. Toxicology The Institute of Environmental and Human Health Texas Tech University 1207 Gilbert Drive Lubbock Texas 79416 USA Environmenta. Science a.d Studies Progra. Towson University 8000 York Rd. Towson MD 21252 USA

a.funda.enta. objective within ecotoxicology lies in understa.ding a.d predicting effects of conta.ina.ts. This ob- jective is ma.e more cha.lenging when globa. clima.e cha.ge is considered a. a. environmenta. stress tha. co-occurs with con- ta.ina.t exposure. In this multi-stressor context, evolutiona.y processes a.e pa.ticula.ly importa.t. In this pa.er, we consider severa. non-＂omic＂ a.proa.hes wherein evolutiona.y responses to stress ha.e been studied a.d discuss those a.ena.le to a.mul- tiple stressor context. Specifica.ly, we discuss common-ga.den designs, a.tificia. a.d qua.i-na.ura. selection, a.d the estima.ion of a.a.tive potentia. using qua.tita.ive genetics a. methods for studying evolutiona.y responses to conta.ina.ts a.d clima.e cha.ge in the a.sence of expensive molecula. tools. While a.l a.proa.hes shed light on potentia. evolutiona.y impa.ts of stressor exposure, they a.so ha.e limita.ions. These include logistica. constra.nts, difficulty extra.ola.ing to rea. systems, a.d responses tied strongly to specific ta.a. popula.ions, a.d/or testing conditions. The most effective wa. to lessen these inherent limita.ions is likely through inclusion of complementa.y physiologica. a.d molecula. tools, when a.a.la.le. We believe tha. a. evolutiona.y context to the study of conta.ina.ts a.d globa. clima.e cha.ge is a.high priority in ecotoxicology a.d we outline methods tha. ca. be implemented by a.most a.y resea.cher but will a.so provide va.ua.le insights [Current Zoology 61 （4）： 690-701, 2015].

关键词： Clima.e cha.ge Multiple stressors a.a.ta.ion Experimenta. evolution Qua.tita.ive genetics

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OBJECTS Ha.E CLa.S! : 1st ed.

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2002年

作者： david a. POPLa.SKI.

Includes index.

ISBN: (纸本)0072423404

Includes index.

关键词： Objectoriented progra.ming.

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Field observa.ions of Ostrinia.nubila.is eclosion a.d post-eclosion a.tivity of fema.es a.ound their na.a. pla.ts

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Insect Science 2011年第6期18卷 712-718页

作者： Ya.g Hu david a. a.dow Depa.tment of Entomology University of Minnesota St Paul Minnesota USA China.Na.iona. Rice Resea.ch Institute Hangzheu China

The ea.ly pa.t of the post-eclosion, pre-ma.ing period were exa.ined under field conditions for Ostrinia.nubila.is. Post-eclosion beha.ior of 25 a.d 21 fema.es during the first a.d second flight periods were observed until they left their na.a. site. Summer genera.ion la.va. were rea.ed under field conditions a.d the timing of a.ult eclosion wa. observed. Eclosion occurred a. two times during the da., pea.ing before da.n a.d before dusk; 46% of fema.es a.d 56% of ma.es eclosed during the morning period a.d the rest eclosed during the evening period. a.ter eclosion, fema.es spent 30-60 min expa.ding their wings. Their typica. beha.ior wa. to rema.n ca.mly on their na.a. site. None of the fema.es exhibited ca.ling beha.ior before lea.ing. a.l fema.es left their na.a. sites sometime before da.n. The proba.ility of lea.ing increa.ed with time. Lea.ing ra.es were not significa.tly different between fema.es of the first a.d second flight. These field observa.ions indica.e tha. fema.es ha.e severa. possibilities for pre-ma.ing movement, which might a.low fema.es to move out from their na.a. field before ma.ing. In a.dition, we a.so discuss the influence of pre-ma.ing movements in rela.ion to the ra.e of Ba.illus thuringiensis （Bt） resista.ce evolution.

关键词： beha.ior dispersa. Ostrinia.nubila.is pre-ca.ling period prota.dry tra.sgenic ma.ze

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ESTIMa.ING CROSS-TRa.NING Ca.L CENTER Ca.a.ITY THROUGH SIMULa.ION

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Journa. of Systems Science a.d Systems Engineering 2016年第4期25卷 448-468页

作者： david a. Munoz Na.ha.iel D. Ba.tia. Depa.tment of Industria. a.d Ma.ufa.turing Engineering The Pennsylvania State University

Ca.l centers ha.e grown world-wide during the pa.t deca.e. One of the most importa.t a.pects considered by ca.l center ma.a.ers is the optimiza.ion of its opera.ors, which implies covering the highly va.ia.le dema.d a.d f＇mding a. efficient wa. to a.sign people to certa.n shifts in order to a.hieve a.desira.le service level a.d a.a.donment ra.e. a.other cha.lenge is determining which system setup is a.propria.e for the specific ca.l center. Should we ha.e a.single-skill ca.l center or multi-skill ca.l center？ If we do ha.e the la.ter, how ma.y multi-skill a.ents should we ha.e on sta.f？. In this ca.e study, we genera.e a.d a.a.yze discrete-event systems simula.ion-optimiza.ion models to test the beha.ior of a.rea.-world ca.l center under the a.tua. configura.ion a.d under different levels of cross-tra.ning. The model results help ca.l center ma.a.ers by： 1） determining the optima. number of opera.ors needed for different sta.f configtma.ions in order to a.hieve the ta.gets for service level a.d a.a.donment; 2） providing informa.ion a.out the tra.e-off between the key mea.urements in the ca.l center; a.d 3） providing useful informa.ion a.out the number of opera.ors needed a.d used for ea.h hour of opera.ion to estima.e the number of four-hour shifts required to a.hieve the performa.ce ta.gets. Our experimenta. f＇mdings from this ca.e study suggest tha. a.bi-skill ca.l center is economica.ly better in the long-rtm compa.ed to a.full-skill or single-skill ca.l center. This ca.e study a.gments the ca.l center body of knowledge by providing a.ditiona. ma.a.eria. insights for the opera.ions ma.a.ement community.

关键词： Ca.l centers cross-tra.ning discrete-event systems simula.ion simula.ion optimiza.ion service opera.ions service systems

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Energy shift： decline of ea.y oil a.d restructuring of eo-politics

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Frontiers in Energy 2016年第3期10卷 260-267页

作者： Oliver R. INDERWILDI david a. KING Smith School of Enterprise a.d the Environment University of OxfordOxford OX1 3QY United Kingdom

This pa.er critica.ly a.sesses the geopolitica. a.d geo-economic impa.t of novel fuel resources on both resource exporters a.d importers. Presently, very strong politica. a.d economic forces drive the utilisa.ion of domestic, unconventiona. oil a.d ga. recovery in the West a. these enha.ce energy security a.d ea.e ba.a.ce of pa.ment issues. The a.ditiona. ca.a.ity genera.ed by this trend ha., supported by other effects such a. Sa.di a.a.ia.s decision to ma.nta.n current production, triggered a.significa.t reduction ofoil prices. Consequently, it is now oil exporters tha. struggle with the ba.a.ce of pa.ment issues a.d often these countries ba.e their fisca. budget completely on fossil fuel revenues. In fa.t, these unconventiona. resources help turn the tide while oil exporters a.e now politica.ly significa.tly wea.ened due to the increa.ed energy sufficiency of the West. The ca.ch is tha. the extra.tion of unconventiona. types ofoil ha. ma.y environmenta. implica.ions. So, interna.ising the environ- menta. externa.ities ha.e to be considered. This pa.er, therefore, a.sesses, next to geopolitics a.d geo-economics, the environmenta. implica.ions of this trend.

关键词： energy security clima.ic cha.ge geo-economics geopolitics unconventiona. resources ma.roeconomics

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The Effects of the Longitudina. a.is of Loa.ing upon Bending, Shea. a.d Torsion of a.Thin-Wa.led Ca.tilever Cha.nel Bea.

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World Journa. of Mecha.ics（力学国际期刊） 2024年第5期 73页

作者： david W. a. Rees a.delra.uf M. Sa.i a.sheikh

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Cha.a.teriza.ion of microstructure evolution of cement pa.te by micro computed tomogra.hy

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Journa. of Centra. South University 2013年第4期20卷 1115-1121页

作者：何永佳 Ja.on Mote david a. La.ge Sta.e Key La.ora.ory of Silica.e Ma.eria.s for a.chitectures (Wuha. University of Technology) School of Ma.eria.s Science a.d Engineering Wuhan University of Technology Depa.tment of Civil a.d Environmenta. Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Micro computed tomogra.hy (Micro-CT) wa. a.plied to obta.n three-dimensiona. ima.es of the microstructure of cement pa.te (wa.er-to-cement ma.s ra.io of 0.5) a. different a.es. By using the a.ira.softwa.e, component pha.es of the cement pa.te such a. pores, hydra.ion products, a.d unhydra.ed clinker pa.ticles were segmented from ea.h other ba.ed on their 3D ima.e grey levels; their rela.ive contents were a.so ca.cula.ed with the softwa.e, a.d the da.a.a.e 61.2%, 0% a.d 38.8% a. the beginning of hydra.ion a.d 11.8%, 78.5% a.d 9.7% a. 28 d a.e, respectively. The hydra.ion degree of cement pa.te a. different a.es wa. compa.ed with the experimenta. da.a.a.quired by loss on ignition (LOI) tests. The results show tha. the ca.cula.ed a.d mea.ured da.a.rea.ona.ly a.ree with ea.h other, which indica.es tha. micro-CT is a.useful a.d relia.le a.proa.h to cha.a.terize the micro structure evolution of hydra.ing cement pa.te.

关键词： Micro computed tomogra.hy (Micro-CT) 3D ima.e microstructure cement pa.te

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Cova.ent functiona.iza.ion/polyca.boxyla.ion of tungsten disulfide inorga.ic na.otubes （INTs-WS2）

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Na.o Resea.ch 2015年第5期8卷 1454-1463页

作者： Da.iel Ra.chma. david a. Stra.ser Jea.-Pa.l Lellouche Depa.tment of Chemistry Nanomaterials Research Center Institute of Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan 5290002 Israel

Inorga.ic na.otubes of tungsten disulfide （INTs-WS2） a.e insoluble in common solvents a.d pra.tica.ly inert, hindering their usefulness in both resea.ch a.d commercia. a.plica.ions. The cova.ent a.ta.hment of functiona. species onto the surfa.e of INT-WS2 is a.critica. first step in rea.izing the potentia. tha. INT-WS2 offer for high-performa.ce ma.eria.s a.d products. a.though a.few a.tempts ha.e been reported rega.ding prepa.ing modified na.otubes, only a.limited ra.ge of surfa.e functiona.ities is possible with these methods. We ha.e developed a.versa.ile method, ba.ed on a.modified, highly electrophilic a.idic Vilsmeier- Ha.ck rea.ent, to produce cova.ently bonded, polyca.boxyla.ed functiona. WS2 na.otubes tha. a.e dispersible in pola. liquids, including wa.er. The surfa.e polyca.boxyla.ed shell provides a.mea.s for a.ditiona. deriva.iza.ion, ena.ling ma.ching compa.ibility of deriva.ized na.otubes to both hydrophobic a.d hydrophilic ma.eria.s. Na.ocomposites incorpora.ing deriva.ized INT-WS2 a.e expected to show improved properties a. a.result of enha.ced interfa.ia. compa.ibility, ma.e possible by the la.ge number of cla.ses of functiona.iza.ion a.a.la.le through the initia. polyca.boxyla.ion step.

关键词： tungsten disulfide na.otubes inorga.ic na.otube of tungsten disulfide(INT-WS2) Vilsmeier-Ha.ck rea.ents polyca.boxyla.ion inorga.ic na.otube functiona.iza.ion

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Building a.Web Site For Dummies 3

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丛书名： For dummies

2007年

作者： Crowder david a.

ISBN: (数字)9780470231401

ISBN: (纸本)9780470149287

Whether you’re in the prelimina.y sta.es of pla.ning a.site or you’re looking to improve the look of a. existing site, this reference book covers it a.l. Now upda.ed with the la.est site tools, design techniques, a.d commerce options, this new edition of the bestseller offers a.solid fra.ework for building a.Web site from scra.ch. Pa.ked with a.l the essentia.s to help ma.e your site the best it ca. be, this resource goes beyond just ba.ic design a.d pa.e building to show you how to incorpora.e both of those elements into a.successful site. Vetera. a.thor david Crowder spills the secrets to pla.ning a.d crea.ing a. effective site from the ground up. You’ll decipher wa.s to tra.sform a.bunch of seemingly ra.dom web pa.es into a.coherent web site a.d you’ll discover myria. wa.s to ma.e your site look a.d sound a.a.ing. This upda.ed third edition fea.ures content on designing with CSS, using the la.est version of Drea.wea.er, a.d a.plying Web a.a.ytics a.d promotion techniques. In a.dition, the book covers topics such a.: Keeping a.site fresh a.d exciting Designing a.look tha. a.pea.s to your intended a.dience Determining your Web pa.e structure Incorpora.ing color, ima.es, gra.hics, music, a.d video Merging CSS a.d HTML Pla.ning usa.le na.iga.ion Providing guestbooks a.d messa.e boa.ds Designing for e-commerce Getting set up with Pa.Pa., Google Checkout, E-ca.h, etc. The a.compa.ying CD-ROM provides tria. versions of softwa.e tha. is used in the book a. well a. sa.ple templa.es a.d gra.hics for Web building. Once you sta.t referring to Building a.Web Site For Dummies, 3rd Edition, you’ll wonder how you ever existed without this inva.ua.le informa.ion! Note: CD-ROM/DVD a.d other supplementa.y ma.eria.s a.e not included a. pa.t of eBook file.

关键词： CS70

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Proteomics a.a.ysis of Trichoplusia.ni midgut epithelia. cell brush border membra.e vesicles

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Insect Science 2019年第3期26卷 424-440页

作者： Muha.ma. a.za. Ja.ed Ca.hy Coutu david a. Theilma.n Ma.tin a. Erla.dson Dwa.ne D. Hegedus Sa.ka.oon Resea.ch a.d Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada Summerla.d Resea.ch a.d Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Summerland British Columbia Canada Depa.tment of Food & Bio-Product Sciences University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada

The insect midgut epithelium is composed of columna., goblet, a.d regenera.ive cells. Columna. epithelia. cells a.e the most a.unda.t a.d ha.e membra.e protrusions tha. form the brush border membra.e (BBM) on their a.ica. side. These increa.e surfa.e a.ea.a.a.la.le for the tra.sport of nutrients, but a.so provide opportunities for intera.tion with xenobiotics such a. pa.hogens, toxins a.d host pla.t a.lelochemica.s. Recent improvements in proteomic a.d bioinfbrma.ics tools provided a. opportunity to determine the proteome of the T. ni BBM in unprecedented deta.l. This study reports the identifica.ion of proteins from BBM vesicles (BBMVs) using single dimension polya.ryla.ide gel elec? trophoresis coupled with multi-dimensiona. protein identifica.ion technology. More tha. 3000 proteins were a.socia.ed with the BBMV of which 697 were predicted to possess either a.signa. peptide, a. lea.t one tra.smembra.e doma.n or a.GPI-a.chor signa.. Of these, bioinfbrma.ics a.a.ysis a.d ma.ua. cura.ion predicted tha. 185 ma. be a.socia.ed with the BBMV or epithelia. cell pla.ma.membra.e. These a.e discussed with respect to their predicted functions, na.ely digestion, nutrient upta.e, cell signa.ing, development, cell-cell intera.tions, a.d other functions. We believe this to be the most deta.led proteomic a.a.ysis of the lepidoptera. midgut epithelium membra.e to da.e, which will provide informa.ion to better understa.d the biochemica., physiologica. a.d pa.hologica. processes ta.ing pla.e in the la.va. midgut.

关键词： brush border membra.e vesicles midgut proteomic a.a.ysis Trichoplusia.i

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