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Weeks-a.ea. Epidemiologica. Predictions of Va.icella.Ca.es From Univa.ia.e Time Series Da.a.a.plying a.tificia. Intelligence

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Infectious Disea.es & Immunity 2024年第1期4卷 25-34页

作者： david a.Wood DWa.Energy Limited Lincoln LN59JPUnited Kingdom

Ba.kground:"Chickenpox"is a.highly infectious disea.e ca.sed by the va.icella.zoster virus,influenced by sea.ona. a.d spa.ia. *** with va.icella.zoster epidemics ca. be a.substa.tia. dra.n on hea.th-a.thority *** tha. improve the a.ility to loca.ly predict ca.e numbers from time-series da.a.sets every week a.e therefore worth ***:Simple-to-extra.t trend a.tributes from published univa.ia.e weekly ca.e-number univa.ia.e da.a.sets were used to genera.e multiva.ia.e da.a.for Hunga.y covering 10 *** a.tribute-enha.ced da.a.set wa. a.sessed by ma.hine lea.ning(ML)a.d deep lea.ning(DL)models to genera.e weekly ca.e foreca.ts from next week(t0)to 12 weeks forwa.d(t+12).The ML a.d DL predictions were compa.ed with those genera.ed by multilinea. regression a.d univa.ia.e prediction ***:Support vector regression genera.es the best predictions for weeks t0 a.d t+1,wherea. extreme gra.ient boosting genera.es the best predictions for weeks t+3 to t+***-short-term memory only provides compa.a.le prediction a.cura.y to the ML models for week t+***-K-fold cross va.ida.ion revea.s tha. overa.l the lowest prediction uncerta.nty is a.socia.ed with the tree-ensemble ML ***:The novel trend-a.tribute method offers the potentia. to reduce prediction errors a.d improve tra.spa.ency for chickenpox timeseries.

关键词： Va.icella.zoster virus infection Disea.e-ca.e weekly predictions Weeks-a.ea. foreca.ting Univa.ia.e time-series enha.cements Tree-ensemble ma.hine lea.ning Time-series a.tribute extra.tion

Sex Determina.ion in Homo sa.iens a. a.Multi-Step Process: Potentia. for Development of Va.ia.ts a.d Sex Differences in Disea.e Risk

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Journa. of Biomedica. Science a.d Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 13-34页

作者： david a. Ha.t Depa.tment of Surgery Faculty of Kinesiology McCaig Institute for Bone & Joint Health University of Calgary Cal-gary Canada

Reproduction via.cis-bina.y mecha.isms a.pea.s to ha.e evolved fa.rly ea.ly in the evolution of complex orga.isms, a.d a.system committed to prior to evolution of huma.s. While the evolution of a.chromosoma.-specific a.proa.h ha. been a.successful stra.egy for surviva. of a.la.ge va.iety of species including huma.s, the fidelity of sex determina.ion lea.ing to 100% cis-bina.y outcomes is not a.hieved in ma.y species, with evidence for homosexua. or bisexua. beha.iour evident in more tha. 1500 species. Thus, such outcomes indica.es tha. sex determina.ion is a.multi-step process a.d not a.single event, a.d a. such, could lea. to the a.pea.a.ce of va.ia.ts during the process which developed much ea.lier tha. huma.s. Va.ia.ts could a.ise either due to intrinsic va.ia.ion in the steps of determina.ion, or a.so be influenced by environmenta. fa.tors of a.biologica. or psychologica. na.ure. In contra.t to homosexua. va.ia.ts which do not require interventions such a. hormone thera.y or surgery, expression of gender dysphoria. is more ba.ed in psychology, but a.so ha. biologica. underpinnings a.d ca. be influenced by such hormona. interventions a.d surgery. While the numbers of those with gender dysphoria.is sma.l (~0.6% - 1.0% of popula.ion), the a.tention given to this issue ra.ses the possibility of biologica. a.d psychologica. environmenta. fa.tors impa.ting the emergence of some of those expressing gender dysphoria. Furthermore, tra.sitioning from ma.e-to-fema.e or fema.e-to-ma.e ca. ha.e consequences rega.ding disea.e risks la.ter in life, including the a.pea.a.ce of a.toimmune disea.es. This review will a.tempt to review some of the evidence rega.ding sex determina.ion, discuss why the system ha. potentia.ly not been improved upon during evolution, how a.potentia. role for sex chromosome function on neurodevelopment ma. be centra. to va.ia.ion in huma.s, a.d how commitment to the current stra.egy is likely integra.ed into other sex-rela.ed events such a. puberty, pre

关键词： Sex Determina.ion Va.ia.t Development Fidelity of Sex Determina.ion Biologica. Sex Determina.ion Species Va.ia.ion

Theory of Flexura. Shea., Bending a.d Torsion for a.Thin-Wa.led Bea. of Open Section

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World Journa. of Mecha.ics 2024年第3期14卷 23-53页

作者： david W. a. Rees a.delra.uf M. Sa.i a.sheikh College of Engineering a.d Design Brunel University Uxbridge UK

a.pects of the genera. Vla.ov theory a.e exa.ined sepa.a.ely a. a.plied to a.thin-wa.led cha.nel section ca.tilever bea. under free-end end loa.ing. In pa.ticula., the flexura. bending a.d shea. tha. a.ise under tra.sverse shea. a.d a.ia. torsiona. loa.ing a.e ea.h considered theoretica.ly. These a.a.yses involve the loca.ion of the shea. centre a. which tra.sverse shea. forces when a.plied do not produce torsion. This centre, when ta.en to be coincident with the centre of twist implies a. equiva.ent reciproca. beha.iour. Tha. is, a. a.ia. torsion a.plied concentric with the shea. centre will twist but not bend the bea.. The respective bending a.d shea. stress conversions a.e derived for ea.h a.tion a.plied to three a.uminium a.loy extruded cha.nel sections mounted a. ca.tilevers with a.horizonta. principa. a.is of symmetry. Bending a.d shea. a.e considered more genera.ly for other thin-wa.led sections when the tra.sverse loa.ing a.es a. the shea. centre a.e not pa.a.lel to the section = s centroida. a.es of principa. second moments of a.ea. The fixing a. one end of the ca.tilever modifies the St Vena.t free a.gula. twist a.d the free wa.ping displa.ement. It is shown from the Wa.ner-Ka.pus torsion theory how the end constra.ned wa.ping genera.es a. a.ia. stress distribution tha. va.ies with the length a.d a.ross the cross-section for a. a.ia. torsion a.plied to the shea. centre. It should be mentioned here for wider a.plica.ions a.d va.ida.ion of the Vla.ov theory tha. a.tenda.t pa.ers a.e to consider in deta.l bending a.d torsiona. loa.ings a.plied to other a.es through ea.h of the centroid a.d the web centre. Therein, both bending a.d twisting a.ise from tra.sverse shea. a.d a.ia. torsion a.plied to ea.h position being displa.ed from the shea. centre. Here, the influence of the a.is position upon the net a.ia. a.d shea. stress distributions is to be esta.lished. Tha. is, the net a.ia. stress from a.ia. torsiona. loa.ing is identified with the sum of a.ia. stress

关键词： Thin Wa.l Theory Ca.tilever Bea. Open Cha.nel Section Principa. a.es Flexure Tra.sverse Shea. Torsion Shea. Centre Shea. Flow Wa.ping Fixed-End Constra.nt

The Effects of the Longitudina. a.is of Loa.ing upon Bending, Shea. a.d Torsion of a.Thin-Wa.led Ca.tilever Cha.nel Bea.

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World Journa. of Mecha.ics 2024年第5期14卷 73-96页

作者： david W. a. Rees a.delra.uf M. Sa.i a.sheikh College of Engineering a.d Design Brunel University Uxbridge UK

Three a.uminium cha.nel sections of US sta.da.d extruded dimension a.e mounted a. ca.tilevers with x-a.is symmetry. The flexura. bending a.d shea. tha. a.ise with a.plied a.ia. torsion a.e ea.h considered theoretica.ly a.d numerica.ly in terms of two longitudina. a.es of loa.ing not coincident with the shea. centre. In pa.ticula., the wa.ping displa.ements, stiffness a.d stress distributions a.e ca.cula.ed for torsion a.plied to longitudina. a.es pa.sing through the section’s centroid a.d its web centre. The stress conversions derived from ea.h a.tion a.e superimposed to revea. a.net sectiona. stress distribution. Therein, the influence of the a.is position upon the net a.ia. a.d shea. stress distributions is esta.lished compa.ed to previous results for ea.h bea. when loa.ing is referred to a.flexura. a.is through the shea. centre. Within the net stress a.a.ysis is, it is shown how the constra.nt to free wa.ping presented by the end fixing modifies the a.ia. stress. The la.ter ca. be identified with the a.tion of a.‘bimoment’ upon ea.h thin-wa.led section.

关键词： Thin-a.uminium Cha.nels Ca.tilever Bea. Bending Shea. Torsion Wa.ping Bimoment Flexura. a.is Centre of Twist Centroid Shea. Centre Torsiona. Stiffness Constra.ned Stress

Ca.diova.cula. Bioma.kers 2006

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Concept of a.Pitot Tube a.le to Detect Blocka.e by Ice, Volca.ic a.h, Sa.d a.d Insects, a.d to Clea. the Tube

丛书名： Contempora.y Ca.diology

2006年

作者： david a. Morrow

ISBN: (数字)9781597450515

ISBN: (纸本)9781588295262

Interna.iona.ly recognized opinion ma.ers a.d experts in clinica. a.d la.ora.ory medicine synthesize the la.est developments in the use of ca.dia. bioma.kers by the pra.ticing physicia.. The a.thors focus on integra.ing bioma.kers into the contempora.y clinica. ma.a.ement of pa.ients with ca.diova.cula. disea.e, empha.izing clinica. studies, evidence-ba.ed dia.nostic a.gorithms, a.d critica. pa.hwa.s for tria.e a.d thera.y, whenever a.a.la.le. They a.so illumina.e the connections between specific bioma.kers a.d the ba.ic pa.hophysiology of ca.diova.cula. disea.e, expla.n the a.a.ytica. properties of the a.sa.s releva.t to clinica. pra.tice, a.d highlight emerging novel bioma.kers a.d new direction for bioma.ker development. Numerous figures, illustra.ions, a.d ta.les ma.e key evidence a.d pra.tica. guidelines ea.ily a.cessible. The book ma.es clea. a. never before to toda.'s busy ca.diologists, emergency room physicia.s, a.d internists how the va.ious a.sa.s perform, which ones they should order to eva.ua.e their pa.ients, a.d how they might cha.ge their thera.eutic a.proa.h ba.ed on the results of a.bioma.ker a.sa.

关键词： Ca.diova.cula. systemDisea.esDia.nosisHa.dbooks ma.ua.s etc.

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Photonic Sensors 2015年第4期5卷 298-303页

作者： david a. Ja.KSON School of Physica. Sciences Applied Optics Groups University of Kent UK

a.conceptua. coa.ia. Pitot tube （PT） ha. been developed using fiber optic sensors combined with a.tua.ors to monitor a.d ma.nta.n its correct opera.ion under different environmenta. conditions. Experiments were performed showing tha. the dyna.ic a.d sta.ic tubes ca. be clea.ed of ice. It wa. a.so demonstra.ed tha. the dyna.ic tube could be clea.ed of dust a.d sa.d which wa. not the ca.e for the sta.ic tube in the coa.ia. configura.ion. a. a.proa.h wa. proposed to overcome this problem involving a.conventiona. configura.ion where the sta.ic tube wa. opera.ed independently orthogona. to the dyna.ic tube, a.d a.second set of sensors a.d a.tua.ors wa. used. Sensors a.d a.socia.ed a.tua.ors were developed for tempera.ure a.d intensity for a.linea. PT. The a.m of this work is to propose a.solution for a.problem tha. ha. ca.sed the loss of the lives of ma.y pa.sengers a.d crew of a.rcra.t. Resources were not a.a.la.le to test a.full implementa.ion of a.PT incorpora.ing the proposed modifica.ions.

关键词： Pitot tube instrumenta.ion FBG spectrometer pressure tempera.ure optica. intensity

The computerized La.SI-BC Test versus the Sta.da.d La.SI-L Pa.er-a.d-Pencil Version in Community-Ba.ed-Sa.ples

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a.va.ces in a.zheimer's Disea.e 2024年第1期13卷 11-25页

作者： Rosie E. Curiel Cid a.exa.dra.Ortega.Ubbo Visser Ma.cela.Kita.gorodsky D. Dia.e Zheng Dia.a.Hinca.ie Kirsten Horne Crensha. a.hleigh Bea.lieu Brooke Bosworth Liz Ga.la.do Emory Neer Sofia.Ra.irez Eliza.eth a. Crocco Mike Georgiou Efrosyni Sfa.ia.a.i david a. Loewenstein Center for Cognitive Neuroscience a.d a.ing a.d Depa.tment of Psychia.ry a.d Beha.iora. Sciences Miller School of Medicine University of Miami Miami FL USA Depa.tment of Computer Sciences University of Miami Coral Gables FL USA Nova.Southea.tern University Fort Lauderdale FL USA Depa.tment of Ra.iology a.d Nuclea. Medicine Miller School of Medicine University of Miami Miami FL USA

Proa.tive Sema.tic Interference (PSI) a.d fa.lure to recover from PSI (frPSI), a.e novel constructs a.sessed by the La.SI-L. These mea.ures a.e sensitive to cognitive cha.ges in ea.ly Mild Cognitive Impa.rment (MCI) a.d preclinica. a. determined by a. loa. using PET. The goa. of this study wa. to compa.e a.new computerized version of the La.SI-L (La.SI-Brief Computerized) to the sta.da.d pa.er-a.d-pencil version of the test. In this study, we exa.ined 110 cognitively unimpa.red (CU) older a.ults a.d 79 with a.nestic MCI (a.CI) who were a.ministered the pa.er-a.d-pencil form of the La.SI-L. Their performa.ce wa. compa.ed with 62 CU older a.ults a.d 52 a.CI pa.ticipa.ts exa.ined using the La.SI-BC. a.ter a.justment for cova.ia.es (degree of initia. lea.ning, sex, educa.ion, a.d la.gua.e of eva.ua.ion) both the sta.da.d a.d computerized versions distinguished between a.CI a.d CU pa.ticipa.ts. The performa.ce of CU a.d a.CI groups using either form wa. rela.ively commensura.e. Importa.tly, a. optima. combina.ion of Cued B2 reca.l a.d Cued B1 intrusions on the La.SI-BC yielded a. a.ea.under the ROC curve of .927, a.sensitivity of 92.3% a.d specificity of 88.1%, rela.ive to a. a.ea.under the ROC curve of .815, a.sensitivity of 72.5%, a.d a.specificity of 79.1% obta.ned for the pa.er-a.d-pencil La.SI-L. Overa.l, the La.SI-BC wa. compa.a.le, a.d in some wa.s, superior to the pa.er-a.d-pencil La.SI-L. a.va.ta.es of the La.SI-BC include a.more sta.da.dized a.ministra.ion, suita.ility for remote a.sessment, a.d a. a.toma.ed scoring mecha.ism tha. ca. be verified by a.built-in a.dio recording of responses.

关键词： Mild Cognitive Impa.rment Proa.tive Sema.tic Interference La.SI-L Computerized Cognitive a.sessment