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Rational molecular design of efficient yellow-red dendrimer TADF for solution-processed OLEDs: a combined effect of substitution position and strength of the donors

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1613-1623页

作者： Changfeng Si Dianming Sun Tomas Matulaitis david B.Cordes Alexandra M.Z.Slawin Eli Zysman-Colman Organic Semiconductor Centre EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsKY169STUK

The development of high-performance solution-processed red organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs) remains a challenge,particularly in terms of maintaining efficiency at high luminance. Here, we designed and synthesized four novel orange-red thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF) dendrimers that are solution-processable: 2GCz BP, 2DPACz BP, 2FBP2GCz and 2FBP2DPACz. We systematically investigated the effect of substitution position and strength of donors on the optoelectronic properties. The reverse intersystem crossing rate constant(kRISC) of the emitters having donors substituted at positions 11and 12 of the dibenzo[a,c]phenazine(BP) is more than 10-times faster than that of compounds substituted having donors substituted at positions 3 and 6. Compound 2DPACz BP, containing stronger donors than 2GCz BP, exhibits a red-shifted emission and smaller singlet-triplet energy splitting, ΔE_(ST), of 0.01 e V. The solution-processed OLED with 10 wt% 2DPACz BP doped in m CP emitted at 640 nm and showed a maximum external quantum efficiency(EQE_(max)) of 7.8%, which was effectively maintained out to a luminance of 1,000 cd m-2. Such a device's performance at relevant display luminance is among the highest for solution-processed red TADF OLEDs. The efficiency of the devices was improved significantly by using 4Cz IPN as an assistant dopant in a hyperfluorescence(HF) configuration, where the 2DPACz BP HF device shows an EQEmaxof 20.0% at λEL of 605 nm and remains high at 11.8% at a luminance of 1,000 cd m-2, which makes this device one of the highest efficiency orange-to-red HF SP-OLEDs to date.

关键词： thermally activated delayed fluorescence solution-processing red OLEDs dibenzo[a,c]phenazine dendrimers

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Non-pancreatic hyperlipasemia:A puzzling clinical entity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第19期30卷 2538-2552页

作者： Krisztina Eszter Feher david Tornai Zsuzsanna Vitalis Laszlo davida Nora Sipeki Maria Papp Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecen H-4032Hajdu-BiharHungary Kalman Laki Doctoral School of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecen H-4032Hungary

BACKGROUND Increased lipase level is a serological hallmark of the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis(AP)but can be detected in various other diseases associated with lipase leakage due to inflammation of organs surrounding the pancreas or reduced renal clearance and/or hepatic *** non-pancreatic hyperlipasemia(NPHL)is puzzling for attending physicians during the diagnostic procedure for *** would be clinically beneficial to identify the clinical and laboratory variables that hinder the accuracy of lipase diagnosis with the aim of improve it.A more precise description of the NPHL condition could potentially provide prognostic factors for adverse outcomes which is currently *** To perform a detailed clinical and laboratory characterization of NPHL in a large prospective patient cohort with an assessment of parameters determining disease *** A Hungarian patient cohort with serum lipase levels at least three times higher than the upper limit of normal(ULN)was prospectively evaluated over 31 *** were identified using daily electronic laboratory reports developed to support an ongoing observational,multicenter,prospective cohort study called the EASY trial(ISRCTN10525246)to establish a simple,easy,and accurate clinical scoring system for early prognostication of *** of NPHL was established based on≥3×ULN serum lipase level in the absence of abdominal pain or abdominal imaging results characteristic of *** A total of 808 patients[male,n=420(52%);median age(IQR):65(51-75)years]were diagnosed with≥3×ULN serum lipase levels.A total of 392 patients had AP,whereas 401 had NPHL with more than 20 different *** and acute kidney injury(AKI)were the most prevalent etiologies of NPHL(27.7%and 33.2%,respectively).The best discriminative cut-off value for lipase was≥666 U/L(sensitivity,71.4%;specificity,88.8%).The presence of AKI or sepsis negatively affected the diagnostic performance of *** w

关键词： Non-pancreatic hyperlipasemia Acute pancreatitis Glycoprotein 2 Acute kidney injury Sepsis Mortality

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Hepatitis B virus genotypes in precision medicine of hepatitis Brelated hepatocellular carcinoma:Where we are now

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1097-1103页

作者： Caecilia H C Sukowati Sri Jayanti Turyadi Turyadi david H Muljono Claudio Tiribelli Eijkman Research Center for Molecular Biology Research Organization for HealthNational Research and Innovation Agency of IndonesiaJakarta 10340Indonesia Liver Cancer Unit Fondazione Italiana Fegato ONLUSTrieste 34149Italy Faculty of Medicine Hasanuddin UniversityMakassar 90245South SulawesiIndonesia Faculty of Medicine and Health University of SydneySydney 2050Australia

Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a major player in chronic hepatitis B that may lead to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).HBV genetics are diverse where it is classified into at least 9 genotypes(A to I)and 1 putative genotype(J),each with specific geographical distribution and possible different clinical outcomes in the *** diversity may be associated with the precision medicine for HBV-related HCC and the success of therapeutical approaches against HCC,related to different pathogenicity of the virus and host *** Editorial discusses recent updates on whether the classification of HBV genetic diversity is still valid in terms of viral oncogenicity to the HCC and its precision medicine,in addition to the recent advances in cellular and molecular biology technologies.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Hepatocellular carcinoma Genotypes Pathogenesis Precision medicine

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A systematic scoping review of study methodology for randomized controlled trials investigating probiotics in athletic and physically active populations

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 61-71页

作者： Alex E.Mohr david B.Pyne Geovana Silva Fogaça Leite Deborah Akins Jamie Pugh College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA Research Institute for Sport and Exercise University of CanberraCanberraACT 2617Australia Laboratory of Functional Fermented Food Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo 05508-030Brazil Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool L33AFUK

Background:The purported ergogenic and health effects of probiotics have been a topic of great intrigue among researchers,practitioners,and the lay public *** has also been an increased research focus within the realm of sports science and exercise medicine on the athletic gut ***,compared to other ergogenic aids and dietary supplements,probiotics present unique study *** objectives of this systematic scoping review were to identify and characterize study methodologies of randomized controlled trials investigating supplementation with probiotics in athletes and physically active ***:Four databases(MEDLINE,CINAHL,Cochrane CENTRAL,and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)were searched for randomized controlled studies involving healthy athletes or physically active *** intervention with probiotics and inclusion of a control and/or placebo group were *** peer-reviewed articles in English were considered,and there were no date *** were extracted and presented in tabular form to detail study protocols,characteristics,and *** in randomized controlled trials was determined with the RoB 2.0 ***:A total of 45 studies were included in the review,with 35 using a parallel group design and 10 using a cross-over *** half the studies used a single probiotic and the other half a multi-strain *** probiotic dose ranged from 2×10^(8)to 1×10^(11)colony forming units daily,and the length of intervention was between 7 and 150 *** than half the studies directly assessed gastrointestinal symptoms,gut permeability,or the gut *** sex ratio of participants was heavily weighted toward males,and only 3 studies exclusively investigated ***-level adverse events were reported in only 2 studies,although the methodology of reporting varied *** risk of bias was generally low,although details on randomization were lacking in some s

关键词： Exercise Experimental methodology Gastrointestinal symptoms Gut microbiota Probiotic supplementation

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Trust beyond Technology Algorithms: A Theoretical Exploration of Consumer Trust and Behavior in Technological Consumption and AI Projects

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2024年第6期12卷 72-102页

作者： david Oyekunle Ugochukwu Okwudili Matthew david Preston david Boohene Salford Business School University of Salford Manchester UK Computer Science Department Federal University (UFLA) Lavras Brazil Department of Entrepreneurship and Business Science University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana

In an era dominated by artificial intelligence (AI), establishing customer confidence is crucial for the integration and acceptance of AI technologies. This interdisciplinary study examines factors influencing customer trust in AI systems through a mixed-methods approach, blending quantitative analysis with qualitative insights to create a comprehensive conceptual framework. Quantitatively, the study analyzes responses from 1248 participants using structural equation modeling (SEM), exploring interactions between technological factors like perceived usefulness and transparency, psychological factors including perceived risk and domain expertise, and organizational factors such as leadership support and ethical accountability. The results confirm the model, showing significant impacts of these factors on consumer trust and AI adoption attitudes. Qualitatively, the study includes 35 semi-structured interviews and five case studies, providing deeper insight into the dynamics shaping trust. Key themes identified include the necessity of explainability, domain competence, corporate culture, and stakeholder engagement in fostering trust. The qualitative findings complement the quantitative data, highlighting the complex interplay between technology capabilities, human perceptions, and organizational practices in establishing trust in AI. By integrating these findings, the study proposes a novel conceptual model that elucidates how various elements collectively influence consumer trust in AI. This model not only advances theoretical understanding but also offers practical implications for businesses and policymakers. The research contributes to the discourse on trust creation and decision-making in technology, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary efforts to address societal challenges associated with technological advancements. It lays the groundwork for future research, including longitudinal, cross-cultural, and industry-specific studies, to further explore consume

关键词： Consumer Trust AI-Driven Projects Transparency Ethical Accountability Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Interdisciplinary Study Organizational Factors Psychological Factors Behavioral Intention

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Interplay between mesenchymal stromal cells and the immune system after transplantation: implications for advanced cell therapy in the retina

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 542-547页

作者： María Norte-Muñoz david García-Bernal Diego García-Ayuso Manuel Vidal-Sanz Marta Agudo-Barriuso Grupo de Investigación Oftalmología Experimental Departamento de OftalmologíaOptometríaOtorrinolaringología y Anatomía PatológicaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaInstituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria(IMIB)Campus de Ciencias de la Salud30120 MurciaSpain Grupo de Investigación Trasplante Hematopoyético y Terapia celular Departamento de Bioquímica e Inmunología.Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaInstituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria(IMIB)Campus de Ciencias de la Salud30120 MurciaSpain

Advanced mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapies for neurodegenerative diseases are widely investigated in preclinical *** stromal cells are well positioned as therapeutics because they address the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration,namely trophic factor deprivation and *** studies have focused on the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation on neuronal survival or functional ***,little attention has been paid to the interaction between mesenchymal stromal cells and the host immune system due to the immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stromal cells and the long-held belief of the immunoprivileged status of the central nervous ***,we review the crosstalk between mesenchymal stromal cells and the immune system in general and in the context of the central nervous system,focusing on recent work in the retina and the importance of the type of transplantation.

关键词： adaptive immunity cell therapy central nervous system immune system innate immunity mesenchymal stromal cells neuroregeneration preclinical studies retina transplantation

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Integrating petrophysical data into efficient iterative cluster analysis for electrofacies identification in clastic reservoirs

Energy Geoscience

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第4期5卷 291-305页

作者： Mohammed A.Abbas Watheq J.Al-Mudhafar Aqsa Anees david A.Wood Basrah Oil Company BasrahIraq Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security Yunnan UniversityKunming650500China Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunming650500China DWA Energy Limited LincolnUK

Efficient iterative unsupervised machine learning involving probabilistic clustering analysis with the expectation-maximization(EM)clustering algorithm is applied to categorize reservoir facies by exploiting latent and observable well-log variables from a clastic reservoir in the Majnoon oilfield,southern *** observable well-log variables consist of conventional open-hole,well-log data and the computer-processed interpretation of gamma rays,bulk density,neutron porosity,compressional sonic,deep resistivity,shale volume,total porosity,and water saturation,from three wells located in the Nahr Umr *** latent variables include shale volume and water *** EM algorithm efficiently characterizes electrofacies through iterative machine learning to identify the local maximum likelihood estimates(MLE)of the observable and latent variables in the studied *** optimized EM model developed successfully predicts the core-derived facies classification in two of the studied *** EM model clusters the data into three distinctive reservoir electrofacies(F1,F2,and F3).F1 represents a gas-bearing electrofacies with low shale volume(Vsh)and water saturation(Sw)and high porosity and permeability values identifying it as an attractive reservoir *** results of the EM model are validated using nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)data from the third studied well for which no cores were *** NMR results confirm the effectiveness and accuracy of the EM model in predicting *** utilization of the EM algorithm for electrofacies classification/cluster analysis is ***,the clusters it establishes are less rigidly constrained than those derived from the more commonly used K-means clustering *** EM methodology developed generates dependable electrofacies estimates in the studied reservoir intervals where core samples are not ***,once calibrated with core data in some wells,the model is suitable for

关键词： Cluster analysis Electrofacies classification Expectation-maximization(EM)algorithm Clastic reservoir Maximum likelihood estimate(MLE)

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Alcohol and illicit drugs:prevalence of alcohol and illicit drug use and their predictors in young people from Argentina,Bulgaria,Chile and Romania

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Global Health Journal 2024年第1期8卷 16-23页

作者： Daniel Vankov david Jankovszky Borislav Vankov Martin Galanternik Claudia Rodriguez Michiel de Ruyter Scientific Organization from Partium Oradea 410204Romania Queensland University of Technology BrisbaneQueensland 4001Australia Association for Youth and Students in Partium Oradea 410102Romania Community Centre Bright Day-2009 Vidin 3700Bulgaria MiNU Civil.Association Buenos Aires 4918Argentina ONG No Chat Santiago 832000Chile

Background:Alcohol and illicit drugs(AID)continue to be a major global health *** preventable,AID is linked to millions of deaths annually *** situation is particularly grave for young people,with AID being a major direct risk factor for disability-adjusted youth life-years lost and *** further contributes to assaults,road crashes,accidental poisoning,and suicide,leading to long-term issues and public health ***:This study aimed at disclosing current AID prevalence data for Argentinian,Bulgarian,Chilean and Romanian *** shed light on the predictors of AID in young people from those ***:The study used an online survey to gather data from people aged 18 to 25(n=1,297).The survey was underpinned by the theory of planned behaviour(TPB).Predictors were investigated separately for drinking alcohol and using illicit ***:Our data revealed that across the four target countries,49%to 90%of the participants drank alcohol,and 8%to 35%used illicit drugs in the past three *** 20%and 91%of them intended to drink,and between 8%and 31%intended to use illicit drugs in the following three *** TPB model predicted statistically significant(P<0.001)amounts of variance in drinking alcohol(between 61%and 72%)and using illicit drugs(between 20.3%and 74.4%).Intention was consistent in significantly predicting both *** around the predictive validity of self-efficacy,age and gender was mixed across the investigated ***:This research provided an update on the scarce AID epidemiological *** also supplied evidence about what theoretically-informed measures might be useful targets of interventions in the case of Argentina,Bulgaria,Chile and *** new knowledge of understanding substance abuse determinants and prevalence may help researchers and practitioners better meet young people's health prevention needs.

关键词： Young people Alcohol Ilicit drugs Intention Self-efficacy

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Instance Segmentation of Characters Recognized in Palmyrene Aramaic Inscriptions

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2869-2889页

作者： Adéla Hamplová Alexey Lyavdansky TomášNovák Ondrej Svojše david Franc Arnošt Veselý Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague(CULS) Faculty of Economics and ManagementDepartment of Information EngineeringPrague16500Czech Republic National Research University Higher School of Economics(HSE) Faculty of HumanitiesInstitute for Oriental and Classical StudiesMoscow101000The Russian Federation

This study presents a single-class and multi-class instance segmentation approach applied to ancient Palmyrene inscriptions,employing two state-of-the-art deep learning algorithms,namely YOLOv8 and Roboflow *** goal is to contribute to the preservation and understanding of historical texts,showcasing the potential of modern deep learning methods in archaeological *** research culminates in several key findings and scientific *** comprehensively compare the performance of YOLOv8 and Roboflow 3.0 in the context of Palmyrene character segmentation—this comparative analysis mainly focuses on the strengths and weaknesses of each algorithm in this *** also created and annotated an extensive dataset of Palmyrene inscriptions,a crucial resource for further research in the *** dataset serves for training and evaluating the segmentation *** employ comparative evaluation metrics to quantitatively assess the segmentation results,ensuring the reliability and reproducibility of our findings and we present custom visualization tools for predicted segmentation *** study advances the state of the art in semi-automatic reading of Palmyrene inscriptions and establishes a benchmark for future *** availability of the Palmyrene dataset and the insights into algorithm performance contribute to the broader understanding of historical text analysis.

关键词： Optical character recognition instance segmentation Palmyrene ancient languages computer vision

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Extreme Antarctic Cold of Late Winter 2023

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第10期41卷 1873-1880页

作者： Anastasia J.TOMANEK david E.MIKOLAJCZYK Matthew A.LAZZARA Stefano DI BATTISTA Minghu DING Mariana FONTOLAN LITELL david H.BROMWICH Taylor P.NORTON Linda M.KELLER Lee J.WELHOUSE Antarctic Meteorological Research and Data Center Space Science and Engineering CenterUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWisconsin 53706USA Department of Physical Sciences School of EngineeringScienceand MathematicsMadison Area Technical CollegeMadisonWisconsin 53704USA Meteogiornale via Paolo Diacono9Milano 20133Italy State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio 43210USA Department of Geography The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio 43210USA

Extreme cold temperatures were observed in July and August 2023,coinciding with the WINFLY(winter fly-in)period of mid to late August into September 2023,meaning aircraft operations into McMurdo Station and Phoenix Airfield were adversely ***,with temperatures below−50℃,safe flight operation was not possible because of the risk of failing hydraulics and fuel turning to gel onboard the *** cold temperatures were measured across a broad area of the Antarctic,from East Antarctica toward the Ross Ice Shelf,and stretching across West Antarctica to the Antarctic Peninsula.A review of automatic weather station measurements and staffed station observations revealed a series of sites recording new record low *** separate cold phases were identified,each a few days in duration and occurring from mid-July to the end of August 2023.A brief analysis of 500-hPa geopotential height anomalies shows how the mid-tropospheric atmospheric environment evolves in relation to these extreme cold *** monthly 500-hPa geopotential height anomalies show strong negative anomalies in *** of composite geopotential height anomalies during each of the four cold phases suggests various factors leading to cold temperatures,including both southerly off-content flow and calm atmospheric *** the atmospheric environment that leads to such extreme cold temperatures can improve prediction of such events and benefit Antarctic operations and the study of Antarctic meteorology and climatology.

关键词： Antarctica extreme cold temperature automatic weather station networks

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