检索结果-南通市图书馆

Evaluating active leprosy case identifcation methods in six districts of Nepal

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第6期12卷 105-106页

作者： Ram Kumar Mahato Uttam Ghimire Madhav Lamsal Bijay Bajracharya Mukesh Poudel Prashnna Napit Krishna Lama Gokarna Dahal david t.s.hayman Ajit Kumar Karna Basu Dev Pandey Chuman Lal Das Krishna Prasad Paudel Epidemiology and Disease Control Division Department of Health Services Ministry of Health and Population Kathmandu Nepal Epidemiology and Disease Control Division-Malaria Program Management Unit- sCI-GF Kathmandu Nepal Leprosy Control & Disability Management section EPidemiology and Disease Control Division DoHS Kathmandu Nepal Lalgadh Leprosy Hospital & service Center Nepal Leprosy Trust Lalgadh Nepal Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory Infectious Disease Research Centre Hopkirk Research Institute Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand Center for Health and Disease studies-Nepal Kathmandu Nepal DEJIMA Infectious Disease Research Alliance Nagasaki University Nagasaki Japan

Background Nepal has achieved and sustained the elimination of leprosy as a public health problem since 2009,but 17 districts and 3 provinces with 41%(10,907,128)of Nepal’s population have yet to eliminate the *** cases and grade-2 disabilities(G2D)indicate recent transmission and late diagnosis,respectively,which necessitate active and early case *** operational research was performed to identify approaches best suited for early case detection,determine community-based leprosy epidemiology,and identify hidden leprosy cases early and respond with prompt *** Active case detection was undertaken in two Nepali provinces with the greatest burden of leprosy,Madhesh Province(40%national cases)and Lumbini Province(18%)and at-risk prison populations in Madhesh,Lumbini and Bagmati *** detection was performed by(1)house-to-house visits among vulnerable populations(n=26,469);(2)contact examination and tracing(n=7608);in Madhesh and Lumbini Provinces and,(3)screening prison populations(n=4428)in Madhesh,Lumbini and Bagmati Provinces of *** case direct medical and nonmedical costs for each approach were *** New case detection rates were highest for contact tracing(250),followed by house-to-house visits(102)and prison screening(45)per 100,000 population ***,the cost per case identifed was cheapest for house-to-house visits[Nepalese rupee(NPR)76,500/case],followed by contact tracing(NPR 90,286/case)and prison screening(NPR 298,300/case).House-to-house and contact tracing case paucibacillary/multibacillary(PB:MB)ratios were 59:41 and 68:32;female/male ratios 63:37 and 57:43;pediatric cases 11%in both approaches;and grade-2 disabilities(G2D)11%and 5%,*** leprosy was not signifcantly diferent among household and neighbor contacts[odds ratios(OR)=1.4,95%confdence interval(CI):0.24-5.85]and for contacts of MB versus PB cases(OR=0.7,95%CI 0.26-2.0).Attack rates were not signifcantly d

关键词： Leprosy Early case detection Community-based epidemiology Hidden case New case detection rate Attack rate Cost per case identifed Nepal

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Uncovering the genetic diversity of Giardia intestinalis in isolates from outbreaks in New Zealand

引用

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第3期11卷 27-36页

作者： Paul Ogbuigwe Patrick J.Biggs Juan Carlos Garcia-Ramirez Matthew A.Knox Anthony Pita Niluka Velathanthiri Nigel P.French david t.s.hayman school of Veterinary science Massey UniversityPalmerston NorthManawatu-WanganuiNew Zealand school of Natural sciences Massey UniversityPalmerston NorthManawatu-WanganuiNew Zealand

Background:Giardia intestinalis is one of the most common causes of diarrhoea worldwide. Molecular techniques have greatly improved our understanding of the taxonomy and epidemiology of this parasite. Co-infection with mixed (sub-) assemblages has been reported, however, sanger sequencing is sometimes unable to identify shared subtypes between samples involved in the same epidemiologically linked event, due to samples showing multiple dominant subtypes within the same outbreak. Here, we aimed to use a metabarcoding approach to uncover the genetic diversity within samples from sporadic and outbreak cases of giardiasis to characterise the subtype diversity, and determine if there are common sequences shared by epidemiologically linked cases that are missed by sanger ***:We built a database with 1109 unique glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) locus sequences covering most of the assemblages of G. intestinalis and used gdh metabarcoding to analyse 16 samples from sporadic and outbreak cases of giardiasis that occurred in New Zealand between 2010 and ***:there is considerable diversity of subtypes of G. intestinalis present in each sample. the utilisation of metabarcoding enabled the identification of shared subtypes between samples from the same outbreak. Multiple variants were identified in 13 of 16 samples, with Assemblage B variants most common, and Assemblages E and A present in mixed ***:this study showed that G. intestinalis infections in humans are frequently mixed, with multiple subtypes present in each host. shared sequences among epidemiologically linked cases not identified through sanger sequencing were detected. Considering the variation in symptoms observed in cases of giardiasis, and the potential link between symptoms and (sub-) assemblages, the frequency of mixed infections could have implications for our understanding of host–pathogen interactions.

关键词： DNA sequencing Epidemiology Genetic diversity Giardiasis Metabarcoding

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Late Ordovician Mass Extinction: Earth, fire and ice

引用

National science Review 2024年第1期11卷 51-65页

作者： david A.t.Harper Palaeoecosystems Group Department of Earth SciencesDurham University

the Late Ordovician Mass Extinction was the earliest of the ‘big’ five extinction events and the earliest to affect the trajectory of metazoan life. two phases have been identified near the start of the Hirnantian period and in the middle. It was a massive taxonomic extinction, a weak phylogenetic extinction and a relatively benign ecological extinction. A rapid cooling, triggering a major ice age that reduced the temperature of surface waters, prompted a drop in sea level of some 100 m and introduced toxic bottom waters onto the shelves. these symptoms of more fundamental planetary processes have been associated with a range of factors with an underlying driver identified as volcanicity. Volcanic eruptions, and other products, may have extended back in time to at least the sandbian and early Katian, suggesting the extinctions were more protracted and influential than hitherto documented.

关键词： Ordovician LOME paleoecology palaeobiogeography biotas

来源：

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Current state-of-the-art review of footwear–ground friction

引用

Friction 2024年第10期12卷 2188-2204页

作者： david REBENDA tomáš sÁHA Footwear Research Centre University InstituteTomas Bata University in ZlinZlin 76001Czech Republic Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Brno University of TechnologyBron 61600Czech Republic

the most important role of footwear is to ensure safe,functional walking,and foot *** the proper functionality of not only the work shoes,the anti-slip behavior of the shoe under various conditions and environments plays an important role in the prevention of slips,trips,falls,and consequent *** article is intended to review the current understanding of the frictional mechanisms between shoe outsoles and various counterfaces that impact the evaluation of outsole *** research focuses on the mechanisms driving outsole friction on different ground surfaces or the definition and description of parameters that influence outsole ***,the review discusses the effect of various surface contaminants on footwear ***,challenges and outlooks in the field of footwear outsoles are briefly mentioned.

关键词： shoe outsole composite slipperiness coefficient of friction(COF) adhesion safe walk

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Role of climatic variability in shaping intraspecific variation of thermal tolerance in Mediterranean water beetles

引用

Insect science 2024年第1期31卷 285-298页

作者： susana Pallarés david Garoffolo Belén Rodríguez david sánchez-Fernández Department of Zoology University of SevilleSevilleSpain Faculty of Biology Department of Ecology and HydrologyUniversity of MurciaCampus EspinardoMurciaSpain

the climatic variability hypothesis(CVH)predicts that organisms in more thermally variable environments have wider thermal breadths and higher thermal plasticity than those from more stable ***,due to evolutionary trade-offs,taxa with greater absolute thermal limits may have little plasticity of such limits(trade-off hypothesis).the CVH assumes that climatic variability is the ultimate driver of thermal tolerance variation across latitudinal and altitudinal gradients,but average temperature also varies along such *** explored intraspecific variation of thermal tolerance in three typical Mediterranean saline water beetles(families Hydrophilidae and Dytiscidae).For each species,we compared two populations where the species coexist,with similar annual mean temperature but contrasting thermal variability(continental *** population).We estimated thermal limits of adults from each population,previously acclimated at 17,20,or 25℃.We found species-specific patterns but overall,our results agree with the CVH regarding thermal ranges,which were wider in the continental(more variable)*** the two hydrophilid species,this came at the cost of losing plasticity of the upper thermal limit in this population,supporting the trade-off hypothesis,but not in the dytiscid *** results support the role of local adaptation to thermal variability and trade-offs between basal tolerance and physiological plasticity in shaping thermal tolerance in aquatic ectotherms,but also suggest that intraspecific variation of thermal tolerance does not fit a general pattern among aquatic *** such intraspecific variation could lead to inaccurate predictions of the vulnerability of aquatic insects to global warming.

关键词： acclimation capacity aquatic insects climate change heat coma temperature supercooling point thermal plasticity

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Evaluation of red soil-bentonite mixtures for compacted clay liners

引用

Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第2期16卷 697-710页

作者： A.s.Devapriya t.thyagaraj Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036India

Compacted clay liners are an integral part of the waste landfills,which are provided to contain the leachate within the landfills and protect the surrounding ***,locally available natural soils are used for the construction of compacted clay liners if they satisfy the design ***,not all soils in their natural state satisfy all the design criteria for the liner ***,there is a definite need to modify the locally available natural soils by blending with bentonite to meet the required design criteria for the *** view of this,the present study evaluates the suitability of an Indian red soil enhanced with bentonite as a liner *** achieve this,a series of experiments were carried out using locally available red soil and ***,the suitability of the red soil was evaluated as a liner *** experimental results showed that the red soil met all the selection criteria stipulated by the Environmental Protection Agencies(EPAs)for the liners except the hydraulic conductivity ***,the red soil was mixed with bentonite contents of 10%,20%and 30%,and the red soil-bentonite mixtures were evaluated for their suitability for liners in their compacted ***,as the liners in the arid and semi-arid regions are subjected to moisture variations due to seasonal moisture fluctuations and other factors,the red soil-bentonite mixtures were subjected to wetdry cycles,and their suitability was evaluated after wet-dry *** experimental results revealed that all the red soil-bentonite mixtures met the stipulated EPA criteria for the liners in the as-compacted ***,the red soil-bentonite mixtures with 20%and 30%bentonite contents only satisfied the hydraulic conductivity requirement even after wet-dry *** experimental findings were supplemented with the microstructural insights captured through digital camera images,scanning electron microscopy(sEM),and mercury intrusion porosimetry(M

关键词： Compacted clay lines Hydraulic conductivity Wet-dry cycles Microstructure

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Physics of porous materials under extreme laser-generated conditions

引用

Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 1-3页

作者： V.t.tikhonchuk s.Weber Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC ELI Beamlines Facility25241 DolníBrezanyCzech Republic CELIA University of Bordeaux33405 TalenceFrance

Porous materials offer unique possibilities for the production of plasmas with controlled density profiles for experiments on laser–matter *** are of growing relevance to many applications,such as inertial confinement fusion,fundamental research,and secondary *** the processes of transformation of a porous solid into a plasma is of fundamental interest and is needed for producing materials with desired properties.

关键词： interaction. properties. porous

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

tensor force impact on shell evolution in neutron-rich si and Ni isotopes

引用

Chinese Physics C 2024年第4期48卷 95-106页

作者： s.V.sidorov A.s.Kornilova t.Yu.tretyakova Faculty of Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119991Russia skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119991Russia

the influence of the tensor interaction of nucleons on the characteristics of neutron-rich silicon and nickel isotopes was studied in this *** forces are considered within the framework of the Hartree-Fock approach with the skyrme *** addition of a tensor component of interaction is shown to improve the description of the splittings between different single-particle states and decrease nucleon-nucleon pairing correlations in silicon and nickel *** attention was directed toward the role of isovector tensor forces relevant to the interaction of like nucleons.

关键词： nuclear shell model tensor interaction silicon isotopes nickel isotopes

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Assessing the energy saving potential of using adaptive setpoint temperatures:the case study of a regional adaptive comfort model for Brazil in both the present and the future

引用

Building simulation 2024年第3期17卷 459-482页

作者： Daniel sánchez-García david Bienvenido-Huertas Carlos Rubio-Bellido Ricardo Forgiarini Rupp Department of Electrical Engineering University Carlos III of MadridMadridSpain Department of Building simulation ZEROCEM SLSevilleSpain Department of Building Constructions University of GranadaGranadaSpain Department of Building Constructions II University of SevilleSevilleSpain section of Design for sustainability Department of Civil and Mechanical EngineeringTechnical University of DenmarkKgs.LyngbyDenmark

It has been found in recent years that using setpoint temperatures based on adaptive thermal comfort models is a successful method of energy *** studies using adaptive setpoint temperatures incorporate international models from AsHRAE standard 55 and *** study,however,has instead considered a regional Brazilian adaptive comfort *** study investigates the energy demand arising from the use of a local Brazilian comfort model in order to assess the energy implications from the use of the worldwide AsHRAE standard 55 adaptive model and various fixed setpoint *** of Brazil’s climate zones,full air-conditioning,mixed-mode building operating modes,present-day climate change scenarios,and future scenarios—specifically Representative Concentration Pathways(RCP)2.6,4.5,and 8.5 for the years 2050 and 2100—have all been taken into account in building energy *** use of adaptive setpoint temperatures based on the Brazilian local model considering mixed-mode has been found to significantly reduce energy consumption when compared to static setpoint temperatures(average energy-saving values ranging from 52%to 58%)and the AsHRAE 55 adaptive model(average values ranging from 15%to 21%).Considering climate change and the mixed-mode Brazilian model,the overall energy demand for the three groups of climatic zones(annual average outdoor temperatures≤21℃,>21 and≤25℃and>25℃)ranged between 2%decrease and 5%increase,4%and 27%increase,and 13%and 45%increase,*** is concluded as a consequence that setting setpoint temperatures based on the Brazilian local adaptive comfort model is a very efficient energy-saving method.

关键词： adaptive thermal comfort building energy simulation energy efficiency climate change adaptive setpoint temperatures local comfort mode

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Loss to specialized Cardiology Follow-Up in Adults Living with Congenital Heart Disease

引用

Congenital Heart Disease 2024年第1期19卷 49-63页

作者： Cheryl Dickson Danielle Osborn david Baker Judith Fethney david s.Celermajer Rachael Cordina Department of Cardiology Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydneyAustralia Department of Cardiothoracic surgery Westmead HospitalSydneyAustralia susan Wakil school of Nursing and Midwifery The University of SydneySydneyAustralia sydney Medical school The University of SydneySydneyAustralia

Background:Much has been written about the loss to follow-up in the transition between pediatric and adult Congenital Heart Disease(CHD)care *** less is understood about the loss to follow-up(LtF)after a successful *** is critical too,as patients lost to specialised care are more likely to experience mor-bidity and premature ***:to understand the prevalence and reasons for loss to follow-up(LtF)at a large Australian Adult Congenital Heart Disease(ACHD)***:Patients with moderate or highly complex CHD and gaps in care of>3 years(deﬁned as LtF)were identiﬁed from a comprehensive ACHD *** telephone interviews examined current care and barriers to clinic ***:Overall,407(22%)of ACHD patients(n=1842)were *** mean age at LtF was 31(sD 11.5)years and 54%were male;311(76%)were *** to adults seen regularly,lost patients were younger,with a greater socio-economic disadvantage,and had less complex CHD(pterviewed 59 patients(14%).the top 3 responses for care absences were“feeling well”(61%),losing track of time(36%),and not needing fol-low-up care(25%).Conclusions:A large proportion of the ACHD population becomes lost to specialised cardiac care,even after a successful *** Australian study reports younger age,moderate complexity defects,and socio-economic disadvantage as predictive of loss to *** study highlights the need for novel approaches to patient-centered service delivery even beyond the age of transition and resources to maintain patient engagement within the ACHD service.

关键词： Loss to follow-up follow-up adult congenital heart disease lapse in care gaps in care care gaps care continuity ACHD predictors

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：