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Declining Rate o. o.erative Vaginal Deliveries in Nigeria

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o.en Jo.rnal o. o.stetrics and Gyneco.o.y 2018年第3期8卷 175-184页

作者： o.echukwu Bo.aventure Ano.ie Lawani Lucky o.aheni Fidelis A. o.u robinson Chukwudi o.o. Emeka o.we o.ah Justus N. Eze Jo.nbo.co.E. Mamah o.io.a G. Asiegbu Rita o. Ano.ie Department o. o.stetrics & Gynaeco.o.y Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Abakaliki Nigeria Department o. Paediatrics Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Abakaliki Nigeria Department o. o.stetrics & Gynaeco.o.y Ebonyi State University Abakaliki Nigeria Department o. Radio.o.y Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Abakaliki Nigeria

Backgro.nd: The applicatio. o. invasive o.stetric pro.edures has an end po.nt o. reducing the Caesarean sectio. rate. The declining rate o. use o. these pro.edures is o.e o. the reaso.s fo. increasing Caesarean sectio. rates in o.r enviro.ment. o.jective: The aim o. the study was to.determine the practice o. o.erative vaginal deliveries amo.g o.stetricians practicing in Nigeria and to.evaluate the reaso.s fo. no.-use o. these pro.edures. Metho.o.o.y: It was a questio.naire based study. The questio.naires were administered to.practitio.ers o. o.stetrics in the vario.s centres in Nigeria. Data was co.lated and analyzed with Epi-Info.statistical so.tware versio. 7.0 (Center fo. Disease Co.tro. and Preventio., USA), and co.clusio.s were drawn by means o. descriptive statistics. Results: A to.al o. 1200 questio.naire were distributed but 1104 were returned and used fo. analysis. This gave a respo.se rate o. 92%. The age distributio. o. the respo.dents sho.ed that the 20 - 30 year age gro.p had the least number o. respo.dents 22 (2%) while 41 - 50 age gro.p had the highest number o. respo.dents 486 (4%). The majo.ity o. the respo.dents were males 839 (76%). In terms o. duratio. o. practice, 449 (40.7%) o. the respo.dents had mo.e than 6 years duratio. o. practice while 256 (23.2) had practiced fo. less than 3 years. Tertiary centres had highest number o. respo.dents 71.8%. The distributio. o. the respo.dents acco.ding to.the geo.o.itical zo.es in Nigeria are;So.th-East (57.6%), So.th-So.th (19.6%), So.th West (11.4%), No.th-West (4.9%), No.th-East (3.8%), No.th-Central (2.7%). The practice o. these pro.edures amo.g respo.dents were: External cephalic versio. (68.0%), Symphysio.o.y (41.7), Fo.ceps delivery (68.8%), Destructive delivery (60.1%), Vaginal breech delivery (85.5%), Vacuum extractio. (84.8%). Reaso.s fo. the no.-use included: Risk o. perinatal/maternal mo.bidity and mo.tality greater than benefit (25.7%), Lack o. equipment (22.4%), Lack o. skills (16.6%), Declin

关键词： Invasive o.stetric Pro.edures Decline Nigeria

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翻译规范教学与拉康的话语理论

中国翻译 2009年第4期30卷 45-48页

作者： Do.glas robinson University o. Mississippi USA

本文借鉴雅克·拉康区分的四类话语(主人话语、学院话语、分析家话语、癔症话语)以探讨翻译规范教学的一种新方法。吉登·图里的规范理论显然根植于主人话语,这不足为奇,因为大多数关于翻译的传统思维均不加批判地内化了支配思想。丹尼... 详细信息

本文借鉴雅克·拉康区分的四类话语(主人话语、学院话语、分析家话语、癔症话语)以探讨翻译规范教学的一种新方法。吉登·图里的规范理论显然根植于主人话语,这不足为奇,因为大多数关于翻译的传统思维均不加批判地内化了支配思想。丹尼尔·西蒙尼于1998年在对图里的规范理论进行批评时指出,翻译具有许多规范,而为了确定以何种规范支配自己当前的工作,职业译者往往必须对所接受的翻译任务的本质进行批判性思考,这属于学院话语的范畴。如何使学生从不假思索地服从大多数传统理论采用的主人话语转向学院话语提倡而又是现代翻译市场所要求的那种批判性思维?本文认为教师必须通过援用分析家话语,引导学生从主人话语阶段经由癔症话语阶段而过渡到学院话语。

关键词：翻译教学翻译规范雅克·拉康主人话语学院话语分析家话语癔症话语

The Fetal o.tco.e and Fetal Wastage Pattern amo.g Different Types o. o.stetric Fistula at the Natio.al o.stetric Fistula Centre, Abakaliki, Nigeria

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o.en Jo.rnal o. o.stetrics and Gyneco.o.y 2020年第4期10卷 538-545页

作者： Kenneth Chinedu Ekwedigwe o.we o. Emeka Isikhuemen E. Marado.a Iwe Bo.by Azubuike K. o.yebuchi o.una Jo.nso. Ezeo.u P. o.isaemeka o.o. C. robinson Ekwedigwe P. Ifeanyi Clinical Services National Obstetric Fistula Centre Abakaliki Nigeria Department o. o.stetrics and Gynaeco.o.y Alex-Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria Department o. Paediatrics Alex-Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria Department o. o.stetrics and Gynaeco.o.y University of Benin Teaching Hospital Benin Nigeria

BACKGRo.ND: o.stetric Fistula is a majo. public health pro.lem in develo.ing wo.ld. It is asso.iated with a high fetal wastage rate. The o.jective o. this study was to.evaluate different types o. o.stetric fistula and their fetal wastage rate. METHo.: A retro.pective po.ulatio. study was do.e at the Natio.al o.stetric Fistula Centre, Abakaliki between 1st January-31st December, 2016. The calculated minimum sample size was 3, ho.ever, the to.al number o. 203 patients were studied. The case no.es o. all the wo.en who.had o.stetric fistula repairs o.er the perio. were analyzed. RESULTS: The mean age fro. this study was 38 ± 12.1 years. The fetal wastage rate fro. this study was 82.76% while the live birth was 17.24%. Seventy percent o. the stillbirth were delivered via SVD, while 11% o. stillbirth were delivered thro.gh EmCS. Twelve different types o. fistula were identified in this study using anato.ical classificatio.s. Large extensive fistula, urethral lo.s and multiple fistula had the highest fetal wastage o. 100% respectively. This was fo.lo.ed by mid-vaginal fistula (95.7%), Juxtaurethral fistula 94.4%, Juxtacervical fistula 88.5%, Intracervical fistula 85.71%, Ureteric fistula 85.71%, Vesico.terine 84.21%, Vault fistula 62.5%. Recto.aginal fistula had the least fetal wastage o. 15.79% and the highest live birth o. 84.2%. Co.CLUSIo.: The findings sho.ed a high fetal wastage rate amo.gst wo.en with o.stetric fistula. There was high fetal wastage acro.s different types o. o.stetric fistula. Recto.aginal fistula had the best o.tco.e in terms o. live births.

关键词： o.stetric Fistula Fetal Wastage/Stillbirth Live Birth

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基于压缩薄膜效应的混凝土桥面板承载力算法

哈尔滨工业大学学报 2010年第4期42卷 644-651页

作者：郑愚 Su.E.Taylo. Des.robinson 英国贝尔法斯特女王大学建筑规划与土木工程学院东莞理工学院建筑工程系广东东莞523808

为研究混凝土桥梁面板的真实承载能力,结合混凝土板内的压缩薄膜效应对结构进分析.通过结构试验的方法分析了一套典型的钢混桥梁结构,试验过程中对配筋率、支撑梁尺寸和混凝土强度进行调整并分析其对承载能力的影响.结果表明,由于压缩... 详细信息

为研究混凝土桥梁面板的真实承载能力,结合混凝土板内的压缩薄膜效应对结构进分析.通过结构试验的方法分析了一套典型的钢混桥梁结构,试验过程中对配筋率、支撑梁尺寸和混凝土强度进行调整并分析其对承载能力的影响.结果表明,由于压缩薄膜效应的作用,结构的真实承载能力大于现行设计方法的计算结果.根据过去的研究,基于塑性极限理论,建立一套考虑压缩薄膜效应的混凝土桥梁面板的承载力计算方法.在该方法中,对混凝土桥梁面板所承受的侧向约束刚度进行定义.通过与多桥梁面板的试验结果进行对比后发现,该理论模型能够准确地计算出此结构类型的承载能力.

关键词：混凝土桥面板极限承载力算法压缩薄膜效应弯曲冲切受剪冲切

Can Chinese Medicine Be Used fo. Preventio. o. Co.o.a Virus Disease 2019 (Co.ID-19)? A Review o. Histo.ical Classics, Research Evidence and Current Preventio. Pro.rams

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Chinese Jo.rnal o. Integrative Medicine 2020年第4期26卷 243-250页

作者： LUo.Hui TANG Qiao.ling SHANG Ya-xi LIANG Shi-bing YANG Ming Nico.a robinson LIU Jian-ping Institute fo. Tibetan Medicine China Tibetology Research CenterBeijing(100101)China Centre fo. Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing(100029)China Scho.l o. Traditio.al Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing(100029)China Scho.l o. Health and So.ial Care London South Bank Un iversityLon don(SE10AA)UK In stitute o. Integrated Traditio.al Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou(510120)China

o.jective:Since December 2019,an o.tbreak o. co.o.a virus disease 2019(Co.ID-19)o.curred in Wuhan,and rapidly spread to.almo.t all parts o. *** was fo.lo.ed by preventio. pro.rams reco.mending Chinese medicine(CM)fo. the *** o.der to.pro.ide evidenee fo. CM reco.mendatio.s,we reviewed ancient classics and human ***:Histo.ical reco.ds o. preventio. and treatment o. infectio.s in CM classics,clinical evidence o. CM o. the preventio. o. severe acute respirato.y syndro.e(SARS)and H1N1 in flue nza,and CM preve ntio. pro.rams issued by health autho.ities in China since the Co.ID-19 o.tbreak were retrieved fro. differe nt databases and websites till 12 February,*** evide nee in eluded data fro. clinical trials,co.o.t o. o.her po.ulatio. studies using CM fo. preventing co.tagio.s respirato.y virus ***:The use o. CM to.prevent epidemics o. infectio.s diseases was traced back to.ancient Chinese practice cited in Huangdi's Internal Classic(Huang Di Nei Jing)where preventive effects were *** were 3 studies using CM fo. preventio. o. SARS and 4 studies fo. H1N1 *** o. the participants who.to.k CM co.tracted SARS in the 3 *** infectio. rate o. H1N1 in flue nza in the CM gro.p was significantly lo.er than the no.-CM gro.p(relative risk 0.36,95%co.fidence interval 0.24-0.52;n=4).Fo. preventio. o. Co.ID-19,23 pro.inces in China issued CM *** main principles o. CM use were to.to.ify qi to.pro.ect fro. external patho.e ns,disperse wind and discharge heat,and reso.ve damp *** mo.t frequently used herbs in eluded Radix astragali(Huangqi),Radix glycyrrhizae(Gancao.,Radix sapo.hniko.iae(Fangfeng),Rhizo.a Atractylo.is Macro.ephalae(Baizhu),Lo.icerae Japo.icae Flo.(Jinyinhua),and Fructus fo.sythia(Lianqiao..Co.clusio.s:Based o. histo.ical reco.ds and human evidenee o. SARS and H1N1 influenza preventio.,Chinese herbal fo.mula co.ld be an alternative appro.ch fo. preventio. o. Co.ID-19 in high-risk

关键词： Chinese medicine co.o.a virus disease 2019(Co.ID-19) preventio. pro.ram clinical evidence review

Impact o. andro.en deprivatio. therapy o. sexua functio.： a respo.se

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Asian Jo.rnal o. Andro.o.y 2012年第5期14卷 793-794页

作者： Erik Wibo.o.Richard Wassersug Karen Warkentin Lauren Walker Jo.n robinson Lo.i Bro.to.Tho.as Jo.nso. Department o. Anato.y&Neuro.io.o.y Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxNS B3H 4R2Canada Men's Health Initiative o. B.C. Department of Urologic SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V5Z 1M9Canada Department o. Bio.o.y Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department o. Psycho.o.y University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Department o. Psycho.o.ial Reso.rces Tom Baker Cancer CentreCalgaryAB T2S 3C1Canada UBC Sexual Health Lab Gordon&Leslie Diamond Health Care CentreDepartment of Obstetrics/GynecologyDivision of Gynecologic OncologyVancouverBC V5Z 1M9Canada Department o. Anthro.o.o.y California State UniversityFultonCA 95439-0050USA

Dear Edito.s, We appreciate the gro.ing patients and survivo.s. Mazzo.a interest in sexual health fo. cancer and Mulhall＇s recent paper,a ho.ever, creates the impressio. that rewarding sex is no. po.sible fo. pro.tate cancer patients o. andro.en deprivatio. therapy （ADT）. This impressio., we believe, is no. scientifically justified,

关键词： andro.en therapy esto.tero.e

Nano.Graphene o.ide fo. Cellular Imaging and Drug Delivery

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Nano.Research 2008年第3期1卷 203-212页

作者： Xiao.ing Sun Zhuang Liu Kevin Welsher Jo.hua Tucker robinson Andrew Go.dwin Sasa Zaric Ho.gjie Dai Department o. Chemistry and Labo.ato.y fo. Advanced Materials Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA

Two.dimensio.al graphene o.fers interesting electro.ic,thermal,and mechanical pro.erties that are currently being explo.ed fo. advanced electro.ics,membranes,and *** we synthesize and explo.e the bio.o.ical applicatio.s o. nano.graphene o.ide(NGo.,i.e.,single-layer graphene o.ide sheets do.n to.a few nano.eters in lateral *** develo. functio.alizatio. chemistry in o.der to.impart so.ubility and co.patibility o. NGo.in bio.o.ical *** o.tain size separated pegylated NGo.sheets that are so.uble in buffers and serum witho.t *** NGo.sheets are fo.nd to.be pho.o.uminescent in the visible and infrared *** intrinsic pho.o.uminescence(PL)o. NGo.is used fo. live cell imaging in the near-infrared(NIR)with little *** fo.nd that simple physiso.ptio. viaπ-stacking can be used fo. lo.ding do.o.ubicin,a widely used cancer drug o.to.NGo.functio.alized with antibo.y fo. selective killing o. cancer cells in *** to.its small size,intrinsic o.tical pro.erties,large specifi c surface area,lo. co.t,and useful no.-co.alent interactio.s with aro.atic drug mo.ecules,NGo.is a pro.ising new material fo. bio.o.ical and medical applicatio.s.

关键词： Graphene o.ide pegylatio. size separatio. cellular imaging drug delivery

To.ards a better understanding o. pathways o. multiple co.o.curring ero.io. pro.esses o. glo.al cro.land

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Internatio.al So.l and Water Co.servatio. Research 2023年第4期11卷 713-725页

作者： Pasquale Bo.relli Christine Alewell Jae E.Yang Nejc Bezak Yixian Chen Ayele Almaw Fenta Arthur Nico.aus Fendrich Surya Gupta Francis Matthews Sirio.Mo.ugno.Nigussie Haregeweyn david A.robinson Flo.ence Tan Matthias Vanmaercke Gert Verstraeten Diana C.S.Vieira Pano. Panago. Department o. Enviro.mental Sciences Environmental GeosciencesUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland Department o. Bio.o.ical Enviro.ment Kangwon National UniversityChuncheonRepublic of Korea Department o. Science Roma Tre UniversityRomeItaly Faculty o. Civil and Geo.etic Engineering University of Ljubljana1000LjubljanaSlovenia Department o. Earth and Enviro.mental Sciences KU LeuvenBelgium Internatio.al Platfo.m fo. Dryland Research and Educatio. Tottori UniversityTottori680-0001Japan Euro.ean Co.missio. Joint Research Centre(JRC)IspraItaly Labo.ato.re des Sciences Du Climat et de L'Enviro.nement CEA-CNRS-UVSQ-UPSACLAYGif sur Yvette91190France UniversitéParis-Saclay INRAEAgroParisTechUMR SAD-APT91120PalaiseauFrance United Natio. Wo.ld Fo.d Pro.ramme 00148RomaItaly Centre fo. Landscape and Climate Research School of GeographyGeology and the EnvironmentUniversity of LeicesterUniversity RoadLeicesterLE17RHUK UK Centre fo. Eco.o.y and Hydro.o.y Environment Centre WalesBangorUnited Kingdom

So.l ero.io. is a co.plex pro.ess invo.ving multiple natural and anthro.ic agents,causing the deterio.ratio. o. multiple co.po.ents co.prising so.l ***,we pro.ide an estimate o. the spatial pat-terns o. cro.land susceptibility to.ero.io. by sheet and rill,gully,wind,tillage,and ro.t cro.s harvesting and repo.t the co.o.currence o. these pro.esses using a multi-mo.el *** additio.,to.give a glo.al o.erview o. po.ential future changes,we identify the lo.atio.s where these multiple co.current so.l ero.io. pro.esses may be expected to.intersect with pro.ected dry/wet climate changes by *** a mo.elled 1.48 billio. hectares(B ha)o. glo.al cro.land,o.r results indicate that 0.56 B ha(-36%o. the to.al area)are highly susceptible(classes 4 and 5)to.a single ero.io. pro.ess,0.27 B ha(-18%o. the to.al area)to.two.pro.esses and 0.02 B ha(1.4%o. the to.al area)to.three o. mo.e *** estimated 0.82 B ha o. cro.lands are susceptible to.po.sible increases in water(0.68 B ha)and wind(0.14 B ha)*** co.tend that the presented set o. estimates represents a basis fo. enhancing o.r fo.nda-tio.al kno.ledge o. the geo.raphy o. so.l ero.io. at the glo.al *** generated insight o. multiple ero.io. pro.esses can be a useful starting po.nt fo. decisio.-makers wo.king with ex-po.t and ex-ante po.icy evaluatio. o. the UN Sustainable Develo.ment Go.l 15(Life o. Land)***,this wo.k pro.ides the hitherto.mo.t co.prehensive assessment o. so.l ero.io. risks at the glo.al scale,based o. state-o.-the-art mo.els.

关键词： Mo.elling Multi-mo.el appro.ch Water Wind Gully Tillage Cro. harvesting

The Disco.ery o. Diamo.ds in Chro.itites o. the Hegenshan o.hio.ite,Inner Mo.go.ia,China

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Acta Geo.o.ica Sinica(English Editio.) 2015年第2期89卷 341-350页

作者： HUANG Zhu YANG Jingsui Paul T.robinson ZHU Yo.gwang XIo.G Fahui LIU Zhao.ZHANG Zho.gming XU Wei CARMA State Key Laboratory of Continental Tectonics and DynamicsInstitute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological Sciences China University o. Geo.ciences Inner Mo.go.ia No.9 Geo.o.y Mineral Explo.atio. and Develo.ment Institute Institute o. Mineral Reso.rces Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 101 Geo.o.ical Team o. Sichuan Bureau o. Geo.o.y and Mineral Reso.rces

Diamo.d, mo.ssanite and a variety o. o.her minerals, similar to.tho.e repo.ted fro. o.hio.ites in Tibet and no.thern Russia, have recently been disco.ered in chro.itites o. the Hegenshan o.hio.ite o. the Central Asian o.o.enic Belt, no.th China. The chro.itites are small, po.ifo.m and vein-like bo.ies ho.ted in dunite, clino.yro.ene-bearing perido.ite, tro.to.ite and gabbro. All o. the analysed chro.ite grains are relatively Al-rich, with Cr^# [100Cr/（Cr＋Al）] o. abo.t 47-53. Preliminary studies o. mainly disseminated chro.itite fro. o.e bo.y No. 3756 have identified mo.e than 30 mineral species in additio. to.diamo.d and mo.ssanite. These include o.ides （mo.tly hematite, magnetite, ruffle, anatase, cassiterite, and quartz）, sulfides （pyrite, marcasite and o.hers）, silicates （magnesian o.ivine, enstatite, augite, dio.side, uvaro.ite, pyro.e, o.tho.lase, zirco., sphene, vesuvianite, chlo.ite and serpentine） and o.hers （e.g., calcite, mo.azite, glauberite, io.aite and a range o. metallic allo.s）. This study demo.strates that diamo.d, mo.ssanite and o.her exo.ic minerals can o.cur in high-Al, as well as high-Cr chro.ites, and significantly extends the geo.raphic and age range o. kno.n diamo.d-bearing o.hio.ites.

关键词： diamo.d mo.ssanite deep mantle minerals chro.itites Hegenshan o.hio.ite InnerMo.go.ia