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The Comparative Performance of Soil-Based Systems with Hydroponics

Agricultural Sciences 2023年第8期14卷 1087-1097页

作者： Paige Ann carroll George Paul Buss Mya Alexandria Catherine Griffith Xiusheng Yang John l. Griffis Jr. Galen Papkov Sarah Bauer Kathryn Jackson Ankit Kumar Singh Department of Ecology and Environmental Studies The Water School Florida Gulf Coast University Fort Myers FL USA Department of Marine and Earth Sciences The Water School Florida Gulf Coast University Fort Myers FL USA Department of Natural Resources University of Connecticut Storrs CT USA Department of Mathematics Florida Gulf Coast University Fort Myers FL USA Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering Mercer University Macon GA USA Independent Researcher Alexandria VA USA

Conventional soil-based agriculture is resource-intensive, utilizing large amounts of land and water, thereby placing a strain on Earth’s natural resources. Soil-based agricultural techniques create environmental issues such as soil degradation, deforestation, and groundwater pollution from the mass implementation of fertilizers and pesticides. Agricultural crop production using hydroponics has shown promise to be less resource intensive and provide a faster turnaround in crop production. Soilless cultivation using hydroponics promises to relieve some pressure on Earth’s ecosystems and resources by utilizing lesser land and water footprint. The APS laboratory for Sustainable Food at Florida Gulf Coast University (FGCU) compared the growth of lettuce lactuca sativa “Rex Butterhead” crop grown using soil and soilless methods to analyze the growth performance in each setting. Crops grown in the soil-based medium were raised in the FGCU Food Forest, used a mix of soil and potting mix, watered regularly, and followed standard Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices. Crops grown hydroponically were grown in a thermally insulated grow tent with an artificial lighting source, ventilation, environmental controls, and the Deep-Water Culture (DWC) method. lettuce plugs were grown for 15 days in controlled environments until two leaves after the cotyledons had developed and were ready for transplant. Plugs were transplanted into a 4 × 6 matrix at the FGCU Food Forest and the DWC growth system. Crops were grown to full bloom and ready for harvest in the soil (60 days) and soilless (30 days) based setups. We collected crop growth data, including wet weight (g), dry weight (g), leaf area (cm2), and chlorophyll concentration (μmol/m2). From the collected data, we derived the Specific leaf Area (SlA, cm2/g) and biomass productivity (kg/m2). Descriptive statistics were used to describe the collected and derived data. We investigated the

关键词： Controlled Environment Agriculture Hydroponics lettuce Soilless Agriculture Urban Agriculture

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Hierarchical charge distribution controls self-assembly process of silk in vitro

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2015年第4期9卷 382-391页

作者： YiZHANG Cencen ZHANG lijie lIU david l. KAPlAN Hesun ZHU Qiang lU National Engineering laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China College of Textile and Clothing Engineering Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China Department of Biomedical Engineering Tufts University Medford MA 02155 USA Textile College Henan Institute of Engineering Zhengzhou 450007 China Research Center of Materials Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China

Silk materials with different nanostructures have been developed without the understanding of the inherent transformation mechanism. Here we attempt to reveal the conversion road of the various nanostructures and determine the critical regulating factors. The regulating conversion processes influenced by a hierarchical charge distribution were investigated, showing different transformations between molecules, nanoparticles and nanofibers. Various repulsion and compressive forces existed among silk fibroin molecules and aggregates due to the exterior and interior distribution of charge, which further controlled their aggregating and deaggregating behaviors and finally formed nanofibers with different sizes. Synergistic action derived from molecular mobility and concentrations could also tune the assembly process and final nanostructures, it is suggested that the complicated silk fibroin assembly processes comply a same rule based on charge distribution, offering a promising way to develop silk-based materials with designed nanostructures.

关键词： silk self-assembly charge nanostructure nanofiber

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Welfare and Market Impacts of Food Safety Measures in China: Results from Urban Consumers' Valuation of Product Attributes

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第6期13卷 1404-1411页

作者： david l. Ortega H. Holly Wang Nicole J. Olynk Widmar Department of Agricultural Foodand Resource EconomicsMichigan State University Department of Agricultural Economics Purdue University

This study provides an economics assessment of various food safety measures in China. A choice experiment approach is used to elicit Chinese consumer preferences for various food safety attributes using data from a 2008 urban consumer survey. An alternative welfare calculation is used to model aggregate market impacts of select food safety measures. Our results show that the largest welfare gains are found in the current government-run certiifcation program. The implementation of a third-party certiifcation system, a traceability network and a product label would generate signiifcant value and would help reduce current system inefifciencies in China. This study builds on previous research and provides an alternative approach for calculating consumer valuation of safety and quality attributes that can be used to estimate aggregate economic and welfare impacts.

关键词： food safety consumer welfare food policy China

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Profile of retinal diseases in adult patients attending two major eye clinics in Kinshasa,the Democratic Republic of Congo

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第10期13卷 1652-1659页

作者： Nelly N.Kabedi david l.Kayembe Jean-Claude Mwanza Departmemt of Ophthalmology School of MedicineUniversity of KinshasaKinshasa XIDemocratic Republic of Congo Department of Ophthalmology School of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillNC 27599USA

AIM:To determine the frequency and types of retinal diseases and the extend of the related visual loss in adult patients attending two public eye clinics of Kinshasa,Democratic Republic of ***:Review of medical records of patients with retinal diseases seen in the major eye clinics in Kinshasa,the University Hospital of Kinshasa(UHK)and Saint Joseph Hospital(SJH),from January 2012 to December *** and diagnoses were retrieved and *** measures were frequency and prevalence of retinal diseases,blindness and low ***:A total of 40965 patients aged 40 y or older were examined during this period in both *** these,1208 had retinal disease,giving a 3-year and an annual prevalence of 3%and 1%,*** age was 61.7±10.7 y,and 55.8%of the patients were *** hypertension(68.1%)and diabetes(43.3%)were the most common systemic *** retinopathy(41.8%),diabetic retinopathy(37.9%),age-related macular degeneration(AMD;14.6%),and chorioretinitis and retinal vein occlusion(7.3%each)were the most common retinal diseases,with 3-year prevalence rates of 1.3%,1.0%,0.43%,and 0.21%*** low vision and blindness were present in 26.8%and 8.4%of the patients at *** causes of low vision and blindness were diabetic retinopathy(14.8%),AMD(4.9%),retinal detachment(2.8%),and retinal vein occlusion(2.5%).The prevalence was significantly higher among males than females,and at the UHK than ***:Retinal diseases are common among Congolese adult patients attending eye clinics in *** cause a significant proportion of low vision and blindness.

关键词： retinal disorders Kinshasa,Democratic Republic of Congo sub-Saharan Africa pattern

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Immunopathology of inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第1期20卷 6-21页

作者： Kori l Wallace li-Bo Zheng Yoshitake Kanazawa david Q Shih F Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research InstituteCedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos Angeles CA 90048United States Department of Gastroenterology The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)results from a complex series of interactions between susceptibility genes,the environment,and the immune *** host microbiome,as well as viruses and fungi,play important roles in the development of IBD either by causing inflammation directly or indirectly through an altered immune *** technologies have allowed researchers to be able to quantify the various components of the microbiome,which will allow for future developments in the etiology of *** components of the mucosal immune system are implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD and include intestinal epithelial cells,innate lymphoid cells,cells of the innate(macrophages/monocytes,neutrophils,and dendritic cells)and adaptive(T-cells and B-cells)immune system,and their secreted mediators(cytokines and chemokines).Either a mucosal susceptibility or defect in sampling of gut luminal antigen,possibly through the process of autophagy,leads to activation of innate immune response that may be mediated by enhanced toll-like receptor *** antigen presenting cells then mediate the differentiation of na?ve T-cells into effector T helper(Th)cells,including Th1,Th2,and Th17,which alter gut homeostasis and lead to *** this review,the effects of these components in the immunopathogenesis of IBD will be discussed.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Ulcerat

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A facile and sensitive method of quantifying glutaminase binding to its ninhibitor CB-839 in tissues

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2020年第7期47卷 389-395页

作者： Yicheng Chen Yiqing Zhao david l.Bajor Zhenghe Wang J.Eva Selfridge Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences Case Western Reserve University10900 Euclid AvenueClevelandOH44106USA Department of Medicine Case Western Reserve University10900 Euclid AvenueClevelandOH.44106USA Case Comprehensive Cancer Center Case Western Reserve University10900 Euclid AvenueClevelandOH44106USA Seidman Cancer Center University Hospitals Cleveland Medical CenterWOO Euclid AvenueClevelandOH44106USA

Many cancer types reprogram their metabolism to become addicted to *** of the critical enzymes in the utilization of glutamine in these cells is ***-839(telaglenastat)is a drug that targets glutaminase that is currently being evaluated in many clinical trials for efficacy in various cancer types that are known to be driven by glutamine *** its use,there are limited assays available for testing the pharmacodynamic on-target effects of CB-839 on the limited,small-volume patient samples that are obtained in early-phase clinical ***,we developed an assay based on the cellular thermal shift assay technique using AlphalllSA technology to show that CB-839 specifically engages glutaminase in colon cancer cell lines in vitro and in minute quantities of mouse xenograft ***,we show that this assay detects CB-839 binding to glutaminase in platelets of patients collected while receiving CB-839 on a clinical *** assay may be used to study the pharmacodynamic profile of CB-839 in very small tissue samples obtained from patients on a clinical trial and may be useful infuture studies designed to screen other in hibitors of glutaminase.

关键词： Glutaminase Method Cancer

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Serum Vitamin D levels of Children with Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis and Normal in Kinshasa

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第2期12卷 297-308页

作者： léon Muamba Nkashama david Kayembe lubeji Mireille Solange Nganga Dieu Donné Nyembue Tshipukane Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Clinical Biology Department University Hospital of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Ear Nose and Throat Department University Hospital of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Background: Data on the serum vitamin D3 levels of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) children are not known well in Central Africa. Children with vernal keratoconjunctivitis are less exposed to sunlight. There is no study that shows the breadth of the serum vitamin D3 levels of vernal keratoconjunctivitis children and normal in our setting. Purpose: This study aimed to compare the serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D3] levels of children with and without VKC. Methods: An observational, case-control study was performed from September 2019 to February 2020 in the Ophthalmology Department and the Clinical Biology Department of the University Hospital of Kinshasa. The case group was recruited consecutively in the consultation while the control group was enrolled in the nearest Rehoboth school complex using a systematic sample method (k = 4) on the presence register. Both cases and controls underwent the routine ophthalmological examination of the anterior segment and serum vitamin D3 levels were measured in both cases and controls using Mindray Chimic-luminescence (Cl)-1200i. Data were entered in Microsoft Sheets and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. The Mann-Whitney-U test (M-U), and the t-Student test were used respectively to compare the mean serum vitamin D3 levels in both cases and controls. The correlation of Spearman (rho) was used to determine the association between Body Mass Index and serum vitamin D3 levels in the case group. Results: A total of 75 children with VKC (mean age 7.8 ± 4.4 years) and 75 children without VKC non-atopic control group (mean age 7.9 ± 4.3 years) were enrolled in this study. The vitamin D3 deficiency was more frequent among the case group than in the control group (40% vs 8%, p = 0.0001). Vitamin D3 insufficiency was more frequent in the case group than in the control group (33.3% vs 18.6%, p = 0.04). The mean serum vitamin 25(OH)D3 levels were statistically lower in children with VKC compared to those without (25.5 ± 8.7 ng/ml and 44.

关键词： Serum 25(OH)D3 Time Spent Outdoors Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis Body Mass Index

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Development of an operational land water mask for MODIS Collection 6,and influence on downstream data products

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2017年第2期10卷 207-218页

作者： M.l.carroll C.M.DiMiceli J.R.G.Townshend R.A.Sohlberg A.I.Elders S.Devadiga A.M.Sayer R.C.levy NASA/GSFC Biospheric Sciences laboratory GreenbeltMDUSA Science Systems and Applications Inc. LanhamMDUSA Department of Geographical Sciences University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA Atmospheric Oceanic and Earth SciencesGeorge Mason UniversityFairfaxVAUSA NASA/GSFC Terrestrial Information Systems laboratory GreenbeltMDUSA fGoddard Earth Sciences Technology and Research Universities Space Research AssociationGreenbeltMDUSA NASA/GSFC Climate and Radiation laboratory GreenbeltMDUSA

Data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer(MODIS)on-board the Earth Observing System Terra and Aqua satellites are processed using a land water mask to determine when an algorithm no longer needs to be run or when an algorithm needs to follow a different *** the fourth reprocessing(Collection 6(C6))the MODIS team replaced the 1 km water mask with a 500 m water mask for improved representation of the continental *** new water mask represents more small water bodies for an overall increase in water surface from 1%to 2%of the continental *** this is still a small fraction of the overall global surface area the increase is more dramatic in certain areas such as the Arctic and Boreal regions where there are dramatic increases in water surface area in the new *** products generated by the on-going C6 reprocessing using the new land water mask show significant impact in areas with high concentrations of change in the land water *** differences between the Collection 5(C5)and C6 water masks and the impact of these differences on the MOD04 aerosol product and the MOD11 land surface temperature product are shown.

关键词： Earth observation image processing land cover remote sensing water resources

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Rationally designed synthesis of bright AgInS2/ZnS quantum dots with emission control

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Nano Research 2020年第9期13卷 2438-2450页

作者： Jose X.Soares K.david Wegner david S.M.Ribeiro Armindo Melo Ines Hausler Joao l.M.Santos Ute Resch-Genger lAQV-REQUIMTE Department of Chemical SciencesLaboratory of Applied ChemistryFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of PortoRua de Jorge Viterboferreira228Porto4050-313Portugal Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing(BAM) Division BiophotonicsRichard-Willstaetter-Strasse 1112489 BerlinGermany lAQV-REQUIMTE Laboratorio de Bromatologia e HidrologiaDepartamento de Ciencias QutmicasFaculdade de Farmacia da Universidade do PortoRua de Jorge Viterboferreira228Porto4050-313Portugal Technische Universitat Berlin Institutfiir Optik und Atomare PhysikStrafie des 17.Juni 13510623 BerlinGermany

In the blossoming field of Cd-free semiconductor quantum dots(QDs),ternary Ⅰ-Ⅲ-VI QDs have received increasing attention due to the ease of the environmentally friendly synthesis of high-quality materials in water,their high photoluminescence(Pl)quantum yields(QYs)in the red and near infrared(NIR)region,and their inherently low ***,their oxygen-insensitive long Pl lifetimes of up to several hundreds of nanoseconds close a gap for applications exploiting the compound-specific parameter Pl *** overcome the lack of reproducible synthetic methodologies and to enable a design-based control of their Pl properties,we assessed and modelled the synthesis of high-quality MPA-capped AglnS2/ZnS(AlS/ZnS)*** refined parameters included reaction time,temperature,Ag:In ratio,S:In ratio,Zn:In ratio,MPA:ln ratio,and pH using a design-of-experiment *** for the optimization was provided by mathematical models developed for the application-relevant Pl parameters,maximum Pl wavelength,QY,and Pl lifetime as well as the elemental composition in terms of Ag:ln:Zn *** these experimental data-based models,MPA:ln and Ag:ln ratios and pH values were identified as the most important synthesis parameters for Pl control and an insight into the connection of these parameters could be ***,the experimental conditions to synthetize QDs with tunable emission and high QY were *** excellent agreement between the predicted and experimentally found Pl features confirmed the reliability of our methodology for the rational design of high quality AlS/ZnS QDs with defined Pl *** approach can be straightforwardly extended to other ternary and quaternary QDs and to doped QDs.

关键词： quantum dot core/shell nanoparticle silver indium sulfide microw ave-assisted synthesis design of experim ent photoluminescence

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(EDTA)^(4-) supplements as superior modifier of the in-vitro-degradation properties of the magnesium alloy coated through discharge-assisted process

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第3期11卷 945-957页

作者： Zeeshan Ur Rahman Maqsood Ali Ye-Tang Pan david G.Churchill Bon Heun Koo College of Mechatronic Engineering Changwon National UniversityChangwonGyeongsangnam-doRepublic of Korea Department of Regenerative Medicines College of MedicinesSoonChunhyang UniversityCheonanRepublic of Korea National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials School of Materials Science&EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingPR China Department of Chemistry Molecular Logic Gate LaboratoryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Republic of Korea

The(EDTA)^(4-)organic substituents were supplemented with alkaline silicates electrolyte,however in varying concentration to explore the microstructure,chemical composition and subsequent effects on the biodegradation of the PEO coated Mg AZ91 *** surface analysis-,carried out through SEM,samples with zero-(EDTA)^(4-)were found-,lacking pancake structural features;however,supplementing electrolyte with(EDTA)^(4-),bulky and layered pancakes were obtained with minimum cracks and minimum porosity for *** the phase and inner layer analysis,it was found that EDTA can significantly alter the surface layers composition and could act as a passivation agent-;however,individual polycrystalline phases were not found to *** hardness value obtained for EDT-1 was~909.69 HV,the highest value found here which occurs with the shallowest indents found in this ***-vitro degradation analysis was carried out using potentiodynamic polarization at room temperature,cyclic polarization at RT and high fever conditions(HFT~40°C).The corrosion potential for coated AZ91 was obtained as a positive value of~0.1 V,for the first time in the PEO research;however,the results were not supported by the cyclic polarization tests at room temperature and at *** post corrosion microstructural analysis confirmed the effective role of EDTA up to 1.0 g·l^(-1)and revealed the formation of thin films during the forward polarization at HFT.

关键词： EDTA Soft plasma Magnesium Biodegradation Corrosion SBF

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