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Can we predict which patients with community-acquired pneumonia are likely to have positive blood cultures？

World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2011年第4期2卷 272-278页

作者： Samuel George Campbell R. Andrew McIvor Vincent Joanis david graydon urquhar Department of Emergency Medicine Charles V Keating Emergency and Trauma Centre 1796 Summer St Halifax NovaScotia B3H3A7 Canada (Campbell SG Urquhart DG) T2127 Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health St. Joseph′sHealth Care Hamilton Hamilton ON. L8N 4A6 Canada (McIvor RA) Foothills Medical Centre 1403 - 29th Street N.W.University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada (Joanis V)

BACKGROUND： Blood cultures （BC ） are commonly ordered during the initial assessment ofpatients with community-acquired pneumonia （CAP）, yet their yield remains low. Selective use of BCwould allow the opportunity to save healthcare resources and avoid patient discomfort. The studywas to determine what demographic and clinical factors predict a greater likelihood of a positiveblood culture result in patients diagnosed with ***： A structured retrospective systematic chart audit was performed to comparerelevant demographic and clinical details of patients admitted with CAP, in whom blood culture resultswere positive, with those of age, sex, and date-matched control patients in whom blood cultureresults were ***： On univariate analysis, eight variables were associated with a positive BC *** logistic regression analysis, however, the only variables statistically significantly associatedwith a positive BC were WBC less than 4.5 x 109/L [likelihood ratio （LR）： 7.75, 95% CI=2.89-30.39], creatinine 〉106 !mol/L （LR： 3.15, 95%CI=1.71-5.80）, serum glucose〈6.1 mmol/L （LR： 2.46,95%CI=1.14-5.32）, and temperature 〉 38 °C （LR： 2.25, 95% CI =1.21-4.20）. A patient with all of thesevariables had a LR of having a positive BC of 135.53 （95% CI=25.28-726.8） compared to patientswith none of these ***： Certain clinical variables in patients with CAP admitted to hospitals doappear to be associated with a higher probability of a positive yield of BC, with combinations of thesevariables increasing this likelihood. We have identified a subgroup of CAP patients in whom bloodcultures are more likely to be useful.

关键词： Community-acquired pneumonia Blood cultures

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Sorption of inorganic nanoparticles in woven cellulose fabrics

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Particuology 2009年第2期7卷 121-128页

作者： Dan H. Marsh D. Jason Riley david York Andrew graydon School of Chemistry University of NottinghamUniversity ParkNottinghamNG7 the School of Chemistry University of BristolCantocks CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK.2RDUK Department of Materials Imperial College LondonExhibition RoadLondonSW7 2AZUK the School of Chemistry University of BristolCantocks CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK. Procter & Gamble Technical Centres Ltd. Newcastle Upon TyneNE12 9TSUK

Titanium dioxide was deposited from aqueous suspension onto cellulosic surfaces. Titania was sourced from Degussa （P25TM, 70：30 anatase：rutile）. Dry uptake of particles was shown to be rapid and dominant with one-third of the deposition occurring in less than 30 s and over one-half in the first minute. Isotherms were recorded to compare the rate of titanium deposition on dry and pre-wetted cotton. In the dry case uptake reached a maximum in 30 min whereas in the pre-wetted case the uptake was seen to continue beyond 180 min. A broad trend of higher deposition occurring at lower pH was seen, corresponding to the region where surface charges were opposite and thus attractive. Dry pickup was less significant at high pH. The response to varying ionic strength was complex and was attributed to the combined effect of charge screening, particle aggregation and consequent particle entrapment or occlusion. Titania deposition into the interstices of woven cotton sheets resulted in the formation of inorganic, nanoparticulate skeletons which could be isolated by controlled combustion of the cellulose and thus cotton was suggested to have potential for the templated synthesis of high surface area semiconductor materials.

关键词： Titania Cellulose Sorption Zeta potential Templated material

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