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Role of Hox genes in stem cell differentiation

World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第3期7卷 583-595页

作者： Anne Seifert david f werheid Silvana M Knapp Edda Tobiasch Department of Applied Sciences Bonn-Rhine-Sieg University of Applied Sciences

Hox genes are an evolutionary highly conserved gene family. They determine the anterior-posterior body axis in bilateral organisms and influence the developmental fate of cells. Embryonic stem cells are usually devoidof any Hox gene expression, but these transcription factors are activated in varying spatial and temporal patterns defining the development of various body regions. In the adult body, Hox genes are among others responsible for driving the differentiation of tissue stem cells towards their respective lineages in order to repair and maintain the correct function of tissues and organs. Due to their involvement in the embryonic and adult body, they have been suggested to be useable for improving stem cell differentiations in vitro and in vivo. In many studies Hox genes have been found as driving factors in stem cell differentiation towards adipogenesis, in lineages involved in bone and joint formation, mainly chondrogenesis and osteogenesis, in cardiovascular lineages including endothelial and smooth muscle cell differentiations, and in neurogenesis. As life expectancy is rising, the demand for tissue reconstruction continues to increase. Stem cells have become an increasingly popular choice for creating therapies in regenerative medicine due to their self-renewal and differentiation potential. Especially mesenchymal stem cells are used more and more frequently due to their easy handling and accessibility, combined with a low tumorgenicity and little ethical concerns. This review therefore intends to summarize to date known correlations between natural Hox gene expression patterns in body tissues and during the differentiation of various stem cells towards their respective lineages with a major focus on mesenchymal stem cell differentiations. This overview shall help to understand the complex interactions of Hox genes and differentiation processes all over the body as well as in vitro for further improvement of stem cell treatments in future regenerative me

关键词： Genes Homeobox Stem cells Asymmetriccell division Mesenchymal stromal cells Growth Development Regeneration Patterning Cell lineage

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Iron-promoted zirconia-alumina supported Ni catalyst for highly efficient and cost-effective hydrogen production via dry reforming of methane

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 274-282页

作者： Ahmed S.Al-fatesh Naitik Patel Vijay Kumar Srivastava Ahmed I.Osman david W.Rooney Anis H.fakeeha Ahmed E.Abasaeed Mohammed f.Alotibi Rawesh Kumar Chemical Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 800Riyadh 11421Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry Indus UniversityAhmedabadGujarat 382115India School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Queen’s University BelfastBelfast BT95AGNorthern IrelandUK Institute of Refining and Petrochemicals Technologies King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology(KACST)P.O.Box 6086Riyadh 11442Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Developing cost-effective and high-performance catalyst systems for dry reforming of methane(DRM)is crucial for producing hydrogen(H_(2))***,we investigate using iron(fe)as a promoter and major alumina support in Ni-based catalysts to improve their DRM *** addition of iron as a promotor was found to add reducible iron species along with reducible NiO species,enhance the basicity and induce the deposition of oxidizable *** incorporating 1 wt.%fe into a 5Ni/10ZrAl catalyst,a higher CO_(2) interaction and formation of reducible"NiO-species having strong interaction with support"was observed,which led to an∼80%H_(2) yield in 420 min of Time on Stream(TOS).further increasing the fe content to 2 wt.%led to the formation of additional reducible iron oxide species and a noticeable rise in H_(2) yield up to 84%.Despite the severe weight loss on fe-promoted catalysts,high H_(2) yield was maintained due to the proper balance between the rate of CH_(4) decomposition and the rate of carbon deposit ***,incorporating 3 wt.%fe into the 5Ni/10ZrAl catalyst resulted in the highest CO_(2) interaction,wide presence of reducible NiO-species,minimumgraphitic deposit and an 87%H_(2) *** findings suggest that ironpromoted zirconia-alumina-supported Ni catalysts can be a cheap and excellent catalytic system for H_(2) production via DRM.

关键词： Dry reforming of methane Coke resistant Hydrogen production Cheap catalyst fe-promoted catalyst

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Making bridges between preclinical and clinical insights into age-related cognitive decline

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2321-2322页

作者： david VC Brito Clévio Nóbrega Algarve Biomedical Center-Research Institute(ABC-RI) Campus GambelasFaroPortugal Algarve Biomedical Center-(ABC) Campus GambelasFaroPortugal faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences(fMCB) University of AlgarveGambelas CampusFaroPortugal

With people living longer,the societal impact of age-related cognitive decline is becoming more pronounced(Crimmins,2015).Thus,it is increasingly important to comprehend the cognitive shifts linked to aging-whether th... 详细信息

关键词： bridges becoming insight

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Strong resistance toβ-cyfluthrin in a strain of the beetle Alphitobius diaperinus:a de novo transcriptome analysis

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Insect Science 2025年第1期32卷 209-226页

作者： Gwenola Gouesbet david Renault Stéphane APDerocles HervéColinet CNRS ECOBIO(EcosystèmesBiodiversitéÉvolution)—UMR 6553University of RennesRennesFrance Institut Universitaire de france 1 rue DescartesCEDEX 05ParisFrance

The lesser mealworm,Alphitobius diaperinus,is an invasive tenebrionid beetle and a vector of *** to the emergence of insecticide resistance and consequent outbreaks that generate significant phytosanitary and energy costs for poultry farmers,it has become a major insect pest *** better understand the molecular mechanisms behind this resistance,we studied a strain of *** from a poultry house in Brittany that was found to be highly resistant to theβ-*** strain survivedβ-cyfluthrin exposures corresponding to more than 100 times the recommended *** used a comparative de novo RNA-Seq approach to explore genes expression in resistant versus sensitive *** de novo transcriptomic analyses showed that responses toβ-cyfluthrin likely involved a whole set of resistance *** related to detoxification,metabolic resistance,cuticular hydrocarbon biosynthesis and proteolysis were found to be constitutively overexpressed in the resistant compared to the sensitive ***-up enzymatic assays confirmed that the resistant strain exhibited high basal activities for detoxification enzymes such as cytochrome P450 monooxygenase and *** in-depth analysis of differentially expressed genes suggests the involvement of complex regulation of signaling *** knowledge of these resistance mechanisms is essential for the establishment of effective pest control.

关键词： Alphitobius diaperinus de novo transcriptome insecticide resistance P450 xenobiotic metabolism

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Women in visual neural regeneration research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 489-490页

作者： Tonia S.Rex david J.Calkins Vanderbilt Eye Institute Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA

The year 2024 marks the 60^(th)anniversary of Title IX and 25 years since the New York Times revealed bias against female faculty members at the Massachusetts Institute of *** take an opportunity here to examine the state of gender bias in a relatively new yet already prominent field,neural regeneration in the visual system,for which there is a well-defined context useful for this *** National Eye Institute(NEI)provided the first round of research funding for its Audacious Goals Initiative(AGI)on visual neural regeneration in 2013 and the last round in ***,we focus on this *** sources included PubMed,the National Science foundation(NSf),the NEI,the Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research and data from the major professional organization for eye and vision research,the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology(ARVO).

关键词： neural visual Times

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Why is China Promoting Economic Globalization?A Leadership Theory of Globalization

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China & World Economy 2025年第1期33卷 1-35页

作者： Meixin Guo david Daokui Li Kun Lang Academic Center for Chinese Economic Practice and Thinking School of Social ScienceTsinghua UniversityChina School of Marxism Tsinghua UniversityChina

This article proposes a leadership theory of globalization to explain how economic globalization occurs and evolves,and why China wants to take a leading role in *** theory posits that an economy equipped with advanced industrial technology,a substantial domestic market,and robust institutional capacity is more likely to take the lead in driving economic *** advantages in high-tech industries position an economy favorably within the global value chains,maximizing its benefits from economic globalization.A large domestic market can entice other countries to agree to open their markets *** capacity enables governments to deter opposition to globalization from those disadvantaged by economic *** paper presents studies of historical cases of economic globalization and provides a three-stage model of *** argues that China has been gaining on three fronts in recent decades and is therefore willing to promote economic globalization.

关键词： economic globalization institutional advantage leadership market advantage technological advantage

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Complement-dependent neuroinflammation in spinal cord injury:from pathology to therapeutic implications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1324-1335页

作者： Hassan Saad Bachar El Baba Ali Tfaily firas Kobeissy Juanmarco Gutierrez Gonzalez Daniel Refai Gerald R.Rodts Christian Mustroph david Gimbel Jonathan Grossberg Daniel L.Barrow Matthew f.Gary Ali M.Alawieh Department of Neurosurgery Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurology Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA Center for Neurotrauma Multiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Spinal cord injury remains a major cause of disability in young adults,and beyond acute decompression and rehabilitation,there are no pharmacological treatments to limit the progression of injury and optimize recovery in this *** the thorough investigation of the complement system in triggering and propagating cerebral neuroinflammation,a similar role for complement in spinal neuroinflammation is a focus of ongoing *** this work,we survey the current literature investigating the role of complement in spinal cord injury including the sources of complement proteins,triggers of complement activation,and role of effector functions in the *** study relevant data demonstrating the different triggers of complement activation after spinal cord injury including direct binding to cellular debris,and or activation via antibody binding to damage-associated molecular *** effector functions of complement have been implicated in spinal cord injury,and we critically evaluate recent studies on the dual role of complement anaphylatoxins in spinal cord injury while emphasizing the lack of pathophysiological understanding of the role of opsonins in spinal cord *** this pathophysiological review,we systematically review the different translational approaches used in preclinical models of spinal cord injury and discuss the challenges for future translation into human *** review emphasizes the need for future studies to dissect the roles of different complement pathways in the pathology of spinal cord injury,to evaluate the phases of involvement of opsonins and anaphylatoxins,and to study the role of complement in white matter degeneration and regeneration using translational strategies to supplement genetic models.

关键词： complement neuroinflammation neuroplasticity regeneration spinal cord injury targeted therapy

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Transforming osteosarcoma care:from historical milestones to precision medicine advances

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Science Bulletin 2025年第3期70卷 290-294页

作者： Jichuan Wang david S.Geller Luyang Sun Xiaodong Tang Musculoskleletal Tumor Center Beijing Key Laboratory for Musculoskeletal TumorsPeking University People’s HospitalBeijing 100041China Department of Orthopedic Surgery Montefiore Medical CenterAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronx 10471USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191China

Osteosarcoma(OS),one of the earliest recognized cancers in humans,is a rare yet significant malignant bone tumor,diagnosed in 2-6 cases per million annually[1].It predominantly affects adolescents and young adults,with a second peak in incidence occurring around age *** osteosarcoma typically arises in areas of rapid bone growth,such as the knee and shoulder,and often presents persistent bone pain and progressive *** osteosarcoma often has a classic radiographic appearance,diagnosis is ultimately confirmed histologically.

关键词： osteosarcoma diagnosis annually

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Large Banks and Systemic Risk:Insights from a Mean-field Game Model

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2025年第01期 460-494页

作者： CHANG Yuanyuan fIROOZI Dena BENATIA david Department of Decision Sciences HEC Montréal Department of Applied Economics HEC Montréal

This paper presents a dynamic game framework to analyze the role of large banks in interbank markets. By extending existing models, a large bank is incorporated as a dynamic decision-maker interacting with multiple small banks. Using the mean-field game methodology and convex analysis, best-response trading strategies are derived, leading to an approximate equilibrium for the interbank market. The influence of the large bank is investigated on the market stability by examining individual default probabilities and systemic risk, through the use of Monte Carlo simulations. The proposed findings reveal that, when the size of the major bank is not excessively large, it can positively contribute to market stability. However, there is also the potential for negative spillover effects in the event of default, leading to an increase in systemic risk. The magnitude of this impact is further influenced by the size and trading rate of the major bank. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the management of systemic risk in interbank markets.

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Co-Located Battery Energy Storage Optimisation for Dynamic Containment Under the UK frequency Response Market Reforms

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2025年第1期11卷 340-351页

作者： fulin fan John Nwobu david Campos-Gaona Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of StrathclydeGlasgowG11XWU.K Offshore Renewable Energy Catapult GlasgowG11RDU.K.

Accelerated development of battery technologies heightens an interest in co-locating battery energy storage systems (BESSs) with renewable power plants for stacking of multiple revenue streams such as frequency response services to AC grids. frequency response market reforms in the UK introduce new end-state services and require evaluating techno-economic feasibility of co-location projects in new circumstances. This paper develops a BESS optimisation method to optimize capacity and operating strategy of a co-located BESS for providing latest Dynamic Containment (DC) services based on the UK perspective. BESS optimisation method simulates BESS delivering DC responses and following operational baselines for state of energy (SoE) restoration, as well as, coordinating with its co-located power plant. Then net present value of BESS co-location project is estimated from power flows across the system and maximised to suggest optimal BESS capacity, target energy footroom and/or headroom levels for baseline estimation, and possible SoE ranges suitable for energy interchange with its co-located power plant. BESS optimisation method is tested based on a particular transmission-level wind farm in the UK and discussed alongside operation and profitability of a BESS co-location project under frequency response market reforms.

关键词： Battery energy storage optimisation co-location Dynamic Containment operating strategy UK perspective.

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