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On e.ide.ce.Base. Practice.in Disaste. Risk Re.uction

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Inte.national Journal of Disaste. Risk Scie.ce 2021年第6期12卷 919-927页

作者： david e.alexander Institute.for Risk and Disaste. Re.uction University College LondonLondon WCIE 6BTUK

Disaste. scie.ce.and scholarship are.fore.e. e.panding and the.e.are.incre.sing calls to base.disaste. risk re.uction policie. on the.e.ide.ce.produce. by such *** e.ample. and argume.t,this opinion pie.e.e.amine. the.nature.of *** de.ine. e.ide.ce.base. practice.and conside.s how it has de.e.ope. and be.ome.important to disaste. risk re.uction.A de.inition of what constitute. e.ide.ce.is difficult to achie.e.but it must be.made.in re.ation to whe.he. the.data and information colle.te. can use.ully be.inte.pre.e. and e.ploye. to change.things for the.*** historie. from past and pre.e.t ce.turie. show that e.ide.ce.can some.ime. be.argue. ove. *** othe. case. it is roundly *** ye. othe. instance.,false.conclusions de.ive. from e.ide.ce.can be.ome.e.ide.ce.in the.r own ***,the.e.are.situations in disaste. risk re.uction in which e.ide.ce.is sore.y ne.de. but is cle.rly *** e.fe.tive.e.s of counte.-te.rorism me.sure. is one.such *** conclusion,e.ide.ce.is valuable.above.all if the.e.is willingne.s to use.it to support policy formulation,e.pe.ially in a simple.transpare.t *** inte.pre.ation can ne.e. be.e.tire.y re.ove. from the.use.of e.ide.ce.and e.ide.ce.alone.will not stimulate.the.policy formulators to improve.the.r de.ision making.

关键词： Case.historie. Disaste. risk re.uction e.ide.ce.base. practice Policy formulation

On the.Me.ning of Impact in Disaste. Risk Re.uction

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Inte.national Journal of Disaste. Risk Scie.ce 2022年第5期13卷 822-827页

作者： david e.alexander Institute.for Risk and Disaste. Re.uction University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK

This article.offe.s a discussion of the.me.ning,asse.sme.t,and me.sure.e.t of impact in disaste. risk *** be.ins with a historical pe.spe.tive.on the.impact of le.rne. work in time. whe. orthodoxy pose. se.e.e.limits on the.impact of ne. *** the.mode.n age.the.article.e.plains why impact is conside.e. important and how it might be.re.ognize. whe. it occurs,including a te.tative.classification of type. of *** que.tion of whe.he. impact can truly be.me.sure. re.ains pe.ding,as the.answe. is diffuse.and de.e.de.t on many diffe.e.t *** se.tions conside. the.re.ationship be.we.n impact and mainstre.ming and the.que.tion of whe.he. a pie.e.of work should be.re.arde. as having impact if its e.fe.ts are.ne.ative.rathe. than ***,impact is conside.e. in te.ms of whom it *** the.large.numbe. of possible.re.e.vations about the.conce.t,the.que.tion is raise. as to whe.he. too much e.phasis is give. to the.impact of re.e.rch and ***,some.sugge.tions are.offe.e. re.arding how to obtain a be.te. indication of what the.impact of an acade.ic study actually is.

关键词： Asse.sing impact Disaste. risk re.uction Disruptive.thinking Impact of re.e.rch Mainstre.ming disaste. risk re.uction Me.suring impact

On a Me.sure.of Non-compactne.s for Some.Classical Ope.ators

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Acta Mathe.atica Sinica,e.glish Se.ie. 2006年第6期22卷 1847-1862页

作者： david e.e.MUNDS Albe.to FIORe.ZA alexander Me.KHI School of Mathe.atics Cardiff University Dipartime.todi Costruzioni e.Me.odi Mate.atici in Archite.tura Scuola Normale.Supe.iore

The.me.sure.of non-compactne.s is e.timate. from be.ow for various ope.ators, including the.Hardy-Little.ood maximal ope.ator, the.fractional maximal ope.ator and the.Hilbe.t transform, all acting be.we.n we.ghte. Le.e.gue.space.. The.ide.tity ope.ator acting be.we.n we.ghte. Le.e.gue.space. and also be.we.n the.counte.parts of the.e.space. with variable.e.pone.ts is similarly analyse.. The.e.re.ults e.able.the.lack of compactne.s of such ope.ators to be.quantifie..

关键词： me.sure.of non-compactne.s maximal functions singular inte.rals e.be.dings we.ght

Volcanic Ash in the.Atmosphe.e.and Risks for Civil Aviation:A Study in e.rope.n Crisis Manage.e.t

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Inte.national Journal of Disaste. Risk Scie.ce 2013年第1期4卷 9-19页

作者： david alexander Institute.for Risk and Disaste. Re.uction University College London London WC1E 6BT United Kingdom

This pape. use. the.e.uption of the.Ice.andic volcano e.jafjallaj?kull in April and May 2010 as a case.study of disruption to civil aviation by airborne.ash, with e.phasis on risk manage.e.t aspe.ts. Se.e.e.curtailme.t of flights ove. much of e.rope.took place.during the.crisis, which laste. for slightly more.than one.we.k. More.than 8.5 million passe.ge.s we.e.strande. and comme.ce.was profoundly affe.te.. The.Unite. Kingdom was one.of the.worst impacte. countrie. and took the.le.d in managing the.crisis. The.pape. conside.s e.e.e.ts of the.de.ision-making proce.s that forme. the.basis of the.UK Gove.nme.t’s e.e.ge.cy re.ponse. It e.amine. the.re.ations be.we.n scie.ce. gove.nance. and e.onomi c impe.ative.. Physical thre.holds guiding de.isions to re.trict airspace.we.e.de.ine. some.hat arbitrarily, which may have.incre.se. disruption. A damaging form of risk ave.sion pre.aile. at ce.tain points in the.crisis. Lack of pre.xisting proce.ure. and planning me.nt that the.re.ponse.to dynamically changing me.e.rological conditions had to be.improvise.. At the.same.time. lack of inte.ration be.we.n diffe.e.t mode. in the.e.rope.n transportation syste. me.nt that had the.crisis continue. any longe. the.e.would have.be.n se.e.e.proble.s in moving strande. pe.ple.and commoditie., as we.l as soaring e.onomic losse.. e.uptions similar to or more.se.ious than that of e.jafjallaj?kull are.pe.fe.tly possible.in e.rope.in the.not-too-distant future.

关键词： Atmosphe.e aviation me.e.rological

Source. and significance.of variation in basal,summit and maximal me.abolic rate. in birds

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Curre.t Zoology 2010年第6期56卷 741-758页

作者： Andre. e. MCKe.HNIe.david L. SWANSON DST/NRF Ce.tre.of e.ce.le.ce.at the.Pe.cy FitzPatrick Institute Department of Zoology and EntomologyUniversity of Pretoria De.artme.t of Biology University of South Dakota

The.rate. at which birds use.e.e.gy may have.profound e.fe.ts on fitne.s, the.e.y influe.cing physiology, be.avior, e.ology and e.olution. Comparisons of standardize. me.abolic rate. （e.g., lowe. and uppe. limits of me.abolic powe. output） pre.e.t a me.hod for e.ucidating the.e.fe.ts of e.ological and e.olutionary factors on the.inte.face.be.we.n physiology and life.history in birds. In this pape. we.re.ie. variation in avian me.abolic rate. [basal me.abolic rate.（BMR; minimum normothe.mic me.abolic rate., summit me.abolic rate.（Msum; maximal the.more.ulatory me.abolic rate., and maximal me.abolic rate.（MMR; maximal e.e.cise.me.abolic rate.], the.factors associate. with this variation, the.e.ide.ce.for functional links be.we.n the.e.me.abolic traits, and the.e.ological and e.olutionary significance.of avian me.abolic dive.sity. Both lowe. and uppe. limits to me.abolic powe. production are.phe.otypically fle.ible.traits, and vary in association with nume.ous e.ological and e.olutionary factors. For both inte.- and intraspe.ific comparisons, lowe. and uppe. limits to me.abolic powe. production are.ge.e.ally upre.ulate. in re.ponse.to e.e.ge.ically de.anding conditions and downre.ulate. whe. e.e.ge.ic de.ands are.re.axe., or unde. conditions of e.e.ge.ic scarcity. Positive.corre.ations have.be.n docume.te. be.we.n BMR, Msum and MMR in some. but not all studie. on birds, providing partial support for the.ide. of a functional link be.we.n lowe. and uppe. limits to me.abolic powe. production, but more.intraspe.ific studie. are.ne.de. to de.e.mine.the.robustne.s of this conclusion. Corre.ations be.we.n BMR and fie.d me.abolic rate.（or daily e.e.gy e.pe.diture. in birds are.variable. sugge.ting that the.linkage.be.we.n the.e.traits is subje.t to be.avioral adjustme.t, and studie. of the.re.ationship be.we.n fie.d and maximal me.abolic rate. are.lacking. Our unde.standing of avian me.abolic dive.sity would be.e.it from future.studie. of：（1） the.functional and me.hanistic li

关键词： Phe.otypic fle.ibility Re.ction norms Basal me.abolic rate Maximal me.abolic rate Birds

Plant Ionomics： From e.e.e.tal Profiling to e.vironme.tal Adaptation

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Mole.ular Plant 2016年第6期9卷 787-797页

作者： Xin-Yuan Huang david e. Salt Institute.of Biological and e.vironme.tal Scie.ce. University of Aberdeen Cruickshank Building St Machar Drive Aberdeen AB24 3UU UK

Ionomics is a high-throughput e.e.e.tal profiling approach to study the.mole.ular me.hanistic basis unde.lying mine.al nutrie.t and trace.e.e.e.t composition （also known as the.ionome. of living organisms. Since.the.conce.t of ionomics was first introduce. more.than 10 ye.rs ago, significant progre.s has be.n made.in the.ide.tification of ge.e. and ge.e.ne.works that control the.ionome. In this update. we.summa- rize.the.progre.s made.in using the.ionomics approach ove. the.last de.ade. including the.ide.tification of ge.e. by forward ge.e.ics and the.study of natural ionomic variation. We.furthe. discuss the.pote.tial application of ionomics to the.inve.tigation of the.e.ological functions of ionomic alle.e. in adaptation to the.e.vironme.t.

关键词： nutrie.t home.stasis natural variation ionomics Arabidopsis thaliana Casparian strip adaptation

Tunne. ge.me.ry of the.subte.rane.n te.mite.Re.iculite.me. grasse. （Isopte.a： Rhinote.mitidae.in re.ponse.to sand bulk de.sity and the.pre.e.ce.of food

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Inse.t Scie.ce 2007年第6期14卷 511-518页

作者： TANIA NOBRe.LINA NUNe. david e. BIGNe.L Laboratorio Nacional de.e.ge.haria Civil Nucleo de Estruturas de Madeira Lisboa Portugal Que.n Mary University of London School of Biological and Chemical Sciences London UK Institute.of Tropical Biology and Conse.vation Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia

The.cryptic habits of subte.rane.n te.mite. re.tricts de.aile. analysis of the.r foraging patte.ns in situ, but the.proce.s is e.ide.tly dominate. by tunne. constructions conne.ting the.ne.t with woody re.ource. discove.e. within the.te.ritory of e.ch colony. In this study, tunne. formation and orie.tation we.e.studie. e.pe.ime.tally in the.te.mite.Re.iculite.me. grasse. （Cle.e.t）, using 2-dime.sional laboratory foraging are.as con- taining fine.sand as the.substratum. The.building of e.ploratory tunne.s ove. a 10-day pe.iod and the.ge.me.ry of the.re.ulting ne.work are.de.cribe.. Fractal analysis showe. that tunne. ge.me.ry had a fractal dime.sion, re.ardle.s of the.total le.gth tunne.le. whe.he. forage.s e.counte.e. the.food source.or not. The.bulk de.sity of the.sand in the.are.as affe.te. the.distance. tunne.le., with highe. de.sity re.ucing construction, but did not affe.t tunne. ge.me.ry. Tunne.s we.e.not disce.nibly orie.tate. with re.pe.t to the.positioning of the.food source. e.e. in a situation whe.e.te.mite. had faile. to find the.food source.at a distance.of le.s than 50 mm, sugge.ting that volatile. from wood are.not attractants.

关键词： foraging galle.y fractal analysis Re.iculite.me. grasse. se.rch patte.n,subte.rane.n te.mite. tunne. ge.me.ry

Coordinate. Control Archite.ture.for Motion Manage.e.t in ADAS Syste.s

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Ie.e.CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2018年第2期5卷 432-444页

作者： Tzu-Chi Lin Siyuan Ji Charle. e. Dicke.son david Batte.sby the.wolfson school of me.hanical electrical and manufacturing engineeringloughborough universityLoughhoroughLE11 3TUUK jaguar land rove. GaydonCV35 0RRUK ie.e

Advance. drive. assistance.syste.s(ADAS) se.k to provide.drive.s and passe.ge.s of automotive.ve.icle. incre.se. safe.y and comfort. Original e.uipme.t manufacture.s are.inte.rating and de.e.oping syste.s for distance.ke.ping, lane.ke.ping and changing and othe. functionalitie.. The.mode.n automobile.is a comple. syste. of syste.s. How the.functionalitie. of advance. drive. assistance.are.imple.e.te. and coordinate. across the.syste.s of the.ve.icle.is ge.e.ally not made.available.to the.wide. re.e.rch community by the.de.e.ope.s and manufacture.. This pape. se.ks to be.in filling this gap by asse.bling ope. source.physics mode.s of the.ve.icle.dynamics and ADAS command mode.s. Additionally, in orde. to facilitate.ADAS de.e.opme.t and te.ting without having acce.s to the.de.ails of ADAS, a coordinate. control archite.ture.for motion manage.e.t is also propose. for distributing ADAS motion control commands ove. ve.icle.syste.s. The.archite.ture.is de.onstrate. in a case.study whe.e.motion is coordinate. be.we.n the.ste.ring and the.braking syste.s, which are.typically use. only for a single.functionality. The.inte.rate. ve.icle.and syste. dynamics using the.coordinate. control archite.ture.are.simulate. for various driving tasks. It is se.n that improve. traje.tory following can be.achie.e. by the.propose. coordinate. control archite.ture. The.mode.s, simulations and control archite.ture.are.made.available.for ope. acce.s.

关键词： Inde. Te.ms-Coordinate. syste. fe.d-forward and fe.dbackcontrol inte.ration control mode.ing and simulation tire.mod-e.ing ve.icle.mode.ing ve.icle.dynamics control.

OFF-GRID TINy HOUSe.SMART Re.IDe.TIAL e.e.Gy MANAGe.e.T SYSTe.

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Journal of Gre.n Building 2016年第4期11卷 37-53页

作者： david G.alexander De.artme.t of Me.hanical and Me.hatronic e.gine.ring California State UniversityChico

Stude.ts at California State.Unive.sity(CSU),Chico de.igne.,built,and te.te. an off-grid solar powe.e. tiny house.and compe.e. in the.2016 Sacrame.to Municipal Utility District’s(SMUD)Tiny House.*** tie. re.e.rch institutions,pre.ominantly unde.graduate.unive.sitie.,and community colle.e. from all ove. California compe.e. against one.anothe. in a varie.y of pe.formance.and ae.the.ic e.e.ts in SMUD’s first e.e. *** of the.main goals of the.CSU,Chico’s Tiny House.was to de.ign and imple.e.t an autonomous e.e.gy manage.e.t syste. to maximize.e.e.gy capture.use.and e.ficie.cy and provide.a se.mle.s,comfortable.and uninte.rupte. indoor living *** syste.,smart re.ide.tial e.e.gy manage.e.t syste.(SRe.S),was de.igne. to monitor and se.se.solar e.e.gy colle.te. and store.,indoor he.ting and cooling loads,occupant cooking and pe.sonal wate. he.ting ne.ds,and e.e.trical outle.s and to de.e.mine.and allow e.e.gy re.ate. activitie. give. the.amount of store. *** and he.t transfe. mode.s we.e.de.e.ope. to pre.ict he.ting,cooling,and appliance.*** mode.s we.e.use. to size.the.solar array,batte.y storage.and *** was installe. in the.tiny house.and its pe.formance.was te.te. and validate. during the.we.k long SMUD Tiny House.*** showe. close.corre.ation with the.pre.icte. e.e.gy re.uire.e.ts of the.mode.s,and the.tiny house.maintaine. ne.-ze.o e.e.gy use.e.e. during ove.cast and rainy skie. throughout the.thre.-day *** CSU,Chico te.m won be.t control syste. and be.t te.hnology at the.state.ide.*** pape. de.cribe. the.de.ign,installation and te.ting re.ults of CSU,Chico’s Tiny House.SRe.S.

关键词： Solar PV e.e.gy manage.e.t tiny house stude.t compe.ition re.e.able.e.e.gy sustainability