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Monitoring of brown stink bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) population dynamics in corn to predict its abundanee using weather data

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Insect Science 2019年第3期26卷 536-544页

作者： Xinzhi Ni Ted E. Cottrell G. david buntin Xianchun Li Wei Wang Hong Zhuang USDA-ARS Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit Tifton Georgia USA USDA-ARS Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research Laboratory Byron Georgia USA Department of Entomology University of Georgia Griffin Georgia USA Department of Entomology University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USA College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China USDA-ARS Quality and Safety Assessment Research Unit Athens Georgia USA

The brown stink bug (BSB), Euschistus servus (Say)(Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is a serious economic pest of corn production in the southeastern United States. The BSB population dynamics was mon itored for 17 weeks from tasseling to preharvest of corn plants (i.e., late May to mid-September) using pheromone traps in three corn fields from 2005 to 2009. The trap data showed two peaks in early June and mid-August, respectively. The relationship between trap catch and pregrowing season weather data was examined using correlation and stepwise multiple factor regression analyses. Weather indices used for the analyses were accumulated growing degree day (AGDD), number of days with minimum temperature below 0℃(Subz), accumulated daily maximum (AMaxT) and minimum temperatures (AMinT) and rainfall (ARain). The weather indices were calculated with lower (10℃) and upper (35℃) as biological thresholds. The parameters used in regression analysis were seasonal abundance (or overall mean of BSB adult catch)(BSBm), number of BSB adults caught at a peak (PeakBSB), and peak week (Peakwk). The BSBm was negatively related to high temperature (AmaxT or AGDD) consistently, whereas IstPeakBSB was positively correlated to both ARain and Subz, irrespective of weather data durations (the first 4, 4.5, and 5 months). In contrast, the 7-month weather data (AGDD7) were negatively correlated to the BSBm only, but not correlated to the second PeakBSB. The 5-year monitoring study demonstrated that weather data can be used to predict the BSB abundance at its first peak in tasseling corn fields in the southeastern U.S. states.

关键词： Euschistus servus first trap catch peak pheromone trap catch population dynamics stepwise regression modeling weekly mean

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Influence of brown stink bug feeding, planting date and sampling time on common smut infection of maize

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Insect Science 2014年第5期21卷 564-571页

作者： Xinzhi Ni Michael D. Toews G. david buntin James E. Carpenter Alisa Huffaker Eric A. Schmelz Ted E. Cottrell Zaid Abdo USDA-ARS Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit Tifton GA 31793 Department of Entomology University of Georgia TiftonGA 31793-5766 Department of Entomology University of Georgia Griffin GA 30223 USDA-ARS Crop Protection and Management Research Unit Tifton GA 31793 USDA-ARS Center for Medical Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology Gainesville FL 32608 USDA-ARS Southeast Fru# and Tree Nut Research Laboratory Byron GA 31008 USDA-ARS South Atlantic Area Office 950 College Station Road Athens GA 30605 USA

Phytopathogen infections are frequently influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors in a crop field. The effect of brown stink bug, Euschistus servus （Hemiptera： Pentatomidae）, feeding and planting date and sampling time on common smut （Ustilago maydis） infection percentage of maize plants was examined in 2005 and 2006, and 2010 and 2011, respectively. Brown stink bug adult feeding on maize hybrid ＂DKC6971＂ at flowering in 2005 and 2006 did not influence smut infection percentage when examined using 3 treatments （i.e., 0 adult, 5 adults, and 5 adults mixed with the smut spores）. The smut infection percentages were 〈 3% （n =12） in the 3 treatments. The smut infection percentage among the 4 weekly samplings was the same, so was natural aflatoxin contamination at harvest among the treatments. The 2nd experiment showed that planting date did not affect the smut infection percentage in either 2010 or 2011. But, the smut infection percentage from the postflowering sampling was greater than preflowering sampling in both years. The smut infection percentage varied among the germplasm lines in 2010, but not in 2011. This study demonstrated that brown stink bug feeding at flowering had no effect on smut infection in maize, and the best time for smut evaluation would be after flowering. The temperature and precipitation might have also influenced the percentage of smut-infected maize plants during the 4 years when the experiments were conducted. The similarity between kernel-colonizing U. maydis and Aspergillus flavus infections and genotype × environment interaction were also discussed.

关键词： common smut Euschistus servus planting date Ustilago maydis

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Evaluation of spatial and temporal patterns of insect damage and aflatoxin level in the pre-harvest corn fields to improve management tactics

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Insect Science 2014年第5期21卷 572-583页

作者： Xinzhi Ni Jeffrey P. Wilson Michael D. Toews G. david buntin R. Dewey Lee Xin Li Zhongren Lei Kanglai He Wenwei Xu Xianchun Li Alisa Huffaker Eric A. Schmelz USDA-ARS Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit Department of Entomology University of Georgia Tifton Department of Entomology University of Georgia Griffin Department of Crop and Soil Sciences University of Georgia Tifton Georgia USA Collegeof Plant Protection Northwest A&F University Yangling Shaanxi State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China Texas A&M University Texas AgriLife LubbockTexas Department of Entomology University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USDA-ARS Center for Medical Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology Gainesviile Florida USA

Spatial and temporal patterns of insect damage in relation to aflatoxin contamination in a corn field with plants of uniform genetic background are not well understood. After previous examination of spatial patterns of insect damage and aflatoxin in pre-harvest corn fields, we further examined both spatial and temporal patterns of cob- and kernel- feeding insect damage, and aflatoxin level with two samplings at pre-harvest in 2008 and 2009. The feeding damage by each of the ear/kernel-feeding insects （i.e., corn earworm/fall armyworm damage on the silk/cob, and discoloration of corn kernels by stink bugs） and maize weevil population were assessed at each grid point with five ears. Sampling data showed a field edge effect in both insect damage and aflatoxin contamination in both years. Maize weevils tended toward an aggregated distribution more frequently than either corn earworm or stink bug damage in both years. The frequency of detecting aggregated distribution for aflatoxin level was less than any of the insect damage assessments. Stink bug damage and maize weevil number were more closely associated with aflatoxin level than was corn earworm damage. In addition, the indices of spatial-temporal association （χ） demonstrated that the number of maize weevils was associated between the first （4 weeks pre-harvest） and second （1 week pre-harvest） samplings in both years on all fields. In contrast, corn earworm damage between the first and second samplings from the field on the Belflower Farm, and aflatoxin level and corn earworm damage from the field on the Lang Farm were dissociated in 2009.

关键词： aflatoxin level corn earworm damage maize weevil population SADIE analysis spatial pattern spatio-temporal association stink bug damage

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抗咪唑啉酮甘蓝型油菜与抗草甘膦的陆地棉或热带玉米进行带状轮作(英文)

抗咪唑啉酮甘蓝型油菜与抗草甘膦的陆地棉或热带玉米进行带状轮作...

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第十二届国际油菜大会

作者： Timothy L.Grey david buntin Paul Raymer Department of Crop and Soil Sciences University of Georgia-Tifton CampusTifton GA31794 United States Department of Entomology University of Georgia Griffin-CampusGriffin GA30223 United states Department of Crop and Soil Sciences University of Georgia-Griffin CampusGriffin GA 30223 United states

抗咪唑啉酮甘蓝型油菜在美国东南作为一种可选择的油料作物来说是有潜力的,它可以与陆地棉和热带玉米进行轮作。选择抗咪唑啉酮甘蓝型油菜与这些作物轮作是可行的,因为这些作物能抗乙酰乳酸合成酶除草剂（ALS）。这些除草剂经常在陆地... 详细信息

抗咪唑啉酮甘蓝型油菜在美国东南作为一种可选择的油料作物来说是有潜力的,它可以与陆地棉和热带玉米进行轮作。选择抗咪唑啉酮甘蓝型油菜与这些作物轮作是可行的,因为这些作物能抗乙酰乳酸合成酶除草剂（ALS）。这些除草剂经常在陆地棉和落花生的苗期使用以控制阔叶杂草。然而,这些除草剂常有残留限制非抗咪唑啉酮甘蓝型油菜的生产。抗咪唑啉酮甘蓝型油菜能降低作物受害或者减少前作应用除草剂造成的损失。甲氧咪草烟是抗咪唑啉酮甘蓝型油菜和其他作物的苗期除草剂。甲氧咪草烟对控制这些作物中的棘手杂草提供了一种好的药剂。残留除草剂的影响受除草剂的药效期和轮作作物对他的敏感性。不同的作物对除草剂有不同的反应,在一定的浓度下有些作物将受到损害而有的则不受影响。当前标注限制甲氧咪草烟在甘蓝型油菜上应用表明在使用甲氧咪草烟9个月后还不能种植陆地棉或热带玉米。影响这些除草剂残留的因素包括:土壤类型、湿度和除草剂的化学成分。目前带状耕作陆地棉花大约占乔治亚州生产的35%。还将继续增长,因为农民在寻找一种新的方法来减少燃料和其他高成本的投入而又能实现土壤保护。研究表明甲氧咪草烟使用1、2次或4次,正常使用率在1、2或3个月后种植甘蓝型油菜不会减低它的产量。研究表明当种植抗咪唑啉酮甘蓝型油菜后与热带玉米轮作不会影响热带玉米的抗性和早期生长,当种植抗咪唑啉酮甘蓝型油菜后与陆地棉轮作表现出明显的抗性减低和早期生长减慢。

关键词： canola Brassica napus Zea mays Gossypium hirsutum imazamox herbicide carryover

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性传播疾病:细菌感染

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国外医学（皮肤性病学分册） 1993年第1期19卷 42-45页

作者： buntin DM 孙亦新

本文复习了最近关于由细菌引起的性传播疾病的流行情况,诊断和治疗方法。包括梅毒、软下疳、性病性淋巴肉芽肿、腹股沟肉芽肿及淋病。

关键词：性病细菌感染

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