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Response of nitrogen fractions in the rhizosphere and bulk soil to organic mulching in an urban forest plantation

Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第6期32卷 2577-2588页

作者： Xiaodan Sun Gang Wang Yuqian Ye Qingxu Ma Qingwei Guan davey l.jones College of Biology and the Environment Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037People’s Republic of China Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Nanjing 210037People’s Republic of China School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityBangor LL572UWGwyneddUK

Nitrogen is an essential component in forest ecosystem nutrient *** fractions,such as dissolved nitrogen,ammonium,nitrate,and microbial biomass nitrogen,are sensitive indicators of soil nitrogen pools which affect soil fertility and nutrient ***,the responses of nitrogen fractions in forest soils to organic mulching are less well *** rhizosphere is an important micro-region that must be considered to better understand element cycling between plants and the soil.A field investigation was carried out on the effect of mulching soil in a 15-year-old ligustrum lucidum urban *** in total nitrogen and nitrogen fractions in rhizosphere and bulk soil in the topsoil(upper 20 cm)and in the subsoil(20-40 cm)were evaluated following different levels of mulching,in addition to nitrogen contents in fine roots,leaves,and organic *** relationships between nitrogen fractions and other measured variables were *** mulching had no significant effect on most nitrogen fractions except for the rhizosphere microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN),and the thinnest(5 cm)mulching layer showed greater effects than other *** MBN was more sensitive to mulching compared to bulk soil,and was more affected by soil environmental *** and soil depth had more pronounced effects on nitrogen fractions than *** nitrogen and dissolved nitrogen were correlated to soil phosphorus,whereas other nitrogen fractions were strongly affected by soil physical properties(temperature,water content,bulk density).Mulching also decreased leaf nitrogen content,which was more related to soil nitrogen fractions(except for MBN)than nitrogen contents in either fine roots or organic *** applications of small quantities of organic mulch contribute to nitrogen transformation and utilization in urban forests.

关键词： Rhizosphere Nitrogen fraction Organic mulching Soil–plant interaction Urban plantation forest

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Organic mulching promotes soil organic carbon accumulation to deep soil layer in an urban plantation forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第1期8卷 11-21页

作者： Xiaodan Sun Gang Wang Qingxu Ma Jiahui liao Dong Wang Qingwei Guan davey l.jones College of Biology and Environment Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Nanjing 210037China School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityGwynedd LL572UWUK College of Environmental Science and Engineering China West Normal UniversityNanchong 637000China UWA School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia

Background:Soil organic carbon(SOC)is important for soil quality and fertility in forest *** SOC fractions are sensitive to environmental changes,which reflect the impact of short-term internal and external management measures on the soil carbon *** mulching(OM)alters the soil environment and promotes plant ***,little is known about the responses of SOC fractions in rhizosphere or bulk soil to OM in urban forests and its correlation with carbon composition in ***:A one-year field experiment with four treatments(OM at 0,5,10,and 20 cm thicknesses)was conducted in a 15-year-old ligustrum lucidum *** in the SOC fractions in the rhizosphere and bulk soil;the carbon content in the plant fine roots,leaves,and organic mulch;and several soil physicochemical properties were *** relationships between SOC fractions and the measured variables were ***:The OM treatments had no significant effect on the SOC fractions,except for the dissolved organic carbon(DOC).OM promoted the movement of SOC to deeper soil because of the increased carbon content in fine roots of *** were significant correlations between DOC and microbial biomass carbon and SOC and easily oxidised organic *** OM had a greater effect on organic carbon fractions in the bulk soil than in the *** thinnest(5 cm)mulching layers showed the most rapid carbon decomposition over *** time after OM had the greatest effect on the SOC fractions,followed by soil ***:The frequent addition of small amounts of organic mulch increased SOC accumulation in the present *** is a potential management model to enhance soil organic matter storage for maintaining urban forest productivity.

关键词： Soil organic carbon labile organic carbon fractions Rhizosphere Urban plantation forest Organic mulching

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Effects of 7 years of field weathering on biochar recalcitrance and solubility

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Biochar 2019年第3期1卷 237-248页

作者： Elizabeth K.Williams davey l.jones Hannah R.Sanders Gabriel V.Benitez Alain F.Plante University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPAUSA Bangor University BangorUK The University of Western Australia PerthAustralia University of Minnesota MinneapolisMNUSA

How weathering affects the physiochemical properties of biochar and its long-term carbon(C)sequestration potential remains *** this study,we measured changes in biochar recalcitrance and solubility after 7 years of weathering in a cultivated *** recalcitrance and biodegradability of weathered and unweathered hardwood biochar mixtures were determined by thermal analysis(differential scanning calorimetry)and evolved gas *** in biochar solubility and the chemical composition of biochar-derived dissolved organic carbon(DOC)were determined by repeated laboratory leaching and UV-Vis *** surface carbon-oxidation state(Cox)of biochar increased by 117.6-158.2%with weather-ing in the field,and there was an average of 0.9-1.2%decrease in biochar C contents per ***,thermal indices of biochar recalcitrance and biodegradability,which suggested intermediate C sequestration potential,were not significantly different between weathered and unweathered *** O:C ratio increased with weathering suggesting an increase in biodegradability,however,both weathered and unweathered biochars were still estimated to have half-lives of over 1000 ***-soluble organic carbon(WSOC)concentrations from the unweathered biochar rapidly decreased during laboratory leaching to levels similar to the field-weathered biochars,and aromaticity(SUVA_(254))of WSOC increased from 5.9%in the unweathered biochar to 42%aromaticity in the biochars weathered for 7 *** conclude that during short-term(years)weathering under field conditions,there is continued solubilization of increasingly aromatic biochar-C compounds,however,this accounts for a relatively small proportion of biochar C such that there is little-to-no change in biochar stability or C sequestration potential after field application.

关键词： Biochar Pyrogenic organic matter Thermal analysis Carbon sequestration Dissolved pyrogenic organic matter

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Fate of low-molecular-weight organic phosphorus compounds in the P-rich and P-poor paddy soils

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第9期20卷 2526-2534页

作者： lI Bao-zhen Anna GUNINA Mostafa ZHRAN davey l.jones Paul W.HIll HU Ya-jun GE Ti-da WU Jin-shui Key laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region/Changsha Research Station for Agricultural&Environmental Monitoring Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125P.R.China Department of Environmental Chemistry University of KasselNordbahnhofstrae 1a 37213WitzenhausenGermany Department of Soil Biology and Biochemistry Dokuchaev Soil Science InstituteMoscow 119017Russian Federation Soil and Water Research Department Nuclear Research CenterAtomic Energy AuthorityAbou-Zaabl 13759Egypt School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityBangorGwynedd LL572UWUK University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049P.R.China

Continuous application of organic fertilizers can cause accumulation of organic phosphorus(P)in soil,especially in the lowmolecular-weight organic phosphorus(lMWOP)*** organic P pool represents a potentially important source of P for both plants and *** understand the effect of long-term fertilization(30 years)(P-rich soil)***(P-poor soil)on the bioavailability and fate of lMWOP in subtropical paddy soils,we determined the sorption and mineralization of 14 C-labeled adenosine,adenosine monophosphate(AMP),adenosine diphosphate(ADP),and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)in each *** contents of carbon,nitrogen,and P in the P-rich soil were more than two times greater than those in the P-poor *** mineralization rates of the lMWOP compounds were faster in the P-rich soil compared to the P-poor soil,and followed the order AMP>ADP>*** sterilized soil,all forms of adenosine-P were strongly sorbed to the solid phase and reached saturation in a short time,with the adsorbance increasing with the number of phosphate *** concluded that the mineralization of lMWOP compounds was repressed slightly by sorption to the solid phase,but only in the short ***,lMWOP compounds serve as readily available sources of C for microorganisms,making P available for themselves as well as for the ***,P accumulation and the progressive saturation of the P sorption sites in highly fertile soils may increase the potential risk of P runoff.

关键词： rice paddy phosphatase phosphorus cycling microbial community

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Experimental strategies to measure the microbial uptake and mineralization kinetics of dissolved organic carbon in soil

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Soil Ecology letters 2020年第3期2卷 180-187页

作者： Baozhen li Tida Ge Paul W.Hill davey l.jones Zhenke Zhu Mostafa Zhran Jinshui Wu Key laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region&Changsha Research Station for Agricultural and Environmental Monitoring Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangSha 410125China School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityBangorGwynedd LL572UWUK Soil and Water Research Department Nuclear Research CenterAtomic Energy AuthorityAbou-Zaabl13759Egypt University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Soil organic matter turnover rates are typically estimated from mass loss of the material over time or from on rates of carbon dioxide *** the study,we investigated a new way to characterize the concentration-dependent kinetics of amino acids used by measuring microbial uptake and mineralization of ^(14)*** measured the depletion from soil solution after additions ^(14)*** microbial uptake of ^(14)C-alanine from soil solution was concentration-dependent and kinetic analysis indicated the operation of at least three distinct alanine transport systems of differing *** of the ^(14)C-alanine depletion from the soil solution occurred rapidly within the first 10-30 min of the incubation after 10μM to 1 mM substrate *** alanine concentrations less than 250μM,the kinetic parameters for K_(m) and V_(max) of the higher-affinity transporter were 60.0μM and 1.32μmol g^(-1) DW soil h^(-1),*** mineralization of alanine was determined and the half-time values for the rapid mineralization process were 45 min to 1.5 h after the addition at alanine concentrations below 1 *** time delay after its uptake into microbial biomass suggested that alanine uptake and subsequent respiration were uncoupled *** microbial N uptake rate was calculated by microbial mineralization,and an estimated K_(m) value of 1731.7±274.6μM and V_(max )value of 486.0±38.5μmol kg^(-1)DW soil h^(-1).This study provides an alternative approach for measuring the rate of turnover of compounds that turnover very rapidly in soil.

关键词： ^(14)C tracer Microbial uptake Carbon mineralization Turnover

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AGRONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAl BENEFITS OF REINTRODUCING HERB-AND lEGUME-RICH MUlTISPECIES lEYS INTO ARABlE ROTATIONS:A REVIEW

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第2期9卷 245-271页

作者： Emily C.COOlEDGE David R.CHADWICK lydia M.J.SMITH Jonathan R.lEAKE davey l.jones School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityGwyneddLL572UWUK National Institute of Agricultural Botany Huntingdon RoadCambridgeCB 3 OLEUK Plants Photosynthesis and SoilUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS102TNUK Centre for Sustainable Farming Systems Food Futures InstituteMurdochWA 6150Australia

Agricultural intensification and the subsequent decline of mixed farming systems has led to an increase in continuous cropping with only a few fallow or break years,undermining global soil ***-ley rotations incorporating temporary pastures(leys) lasting 1–4 years may alleviate soil degradation by building soil fertility and improving soil ***,the majority of previous research on arable-ley rotations has utilized either grass or grassclover leys within ungrazed *** leys,containing a mix of grasses,legumes,and herbs,are rapidly gaining popularity due to their promotion in agri-environment schemes and potential to deliver greater ecosystem services than conventional grass or grass-clover *** grazing in arable-ley rotations may increase the economic resilience of these systems,despite limited research of the effects of multispecies leys on ruminant health and greenhouse gas *** review aims to evaluate previous research on multispecies leys,highlighting areas for future research and the potential benefits and disbenefits on soil quality and livestock *** botanical composition of multispecies leys is crucial,as legumes,deep rooted perennial plants(e.g.,Onobrychis viciifolia and Cichorium intybus) and herbs(e.g.,Plantago lanceolata) can increase soil carbon,improve soil structure,reduce nitrogen fertilizer requirements,and promote the recovery of soil fauna(e.g.,earthworms) in degraded arable soils while delivering additional environmental benefits(e.g.,biological nitrification inhibition and enteric methane reduction).Multispecies leys have the potential to deliver biologically driven regenerative agriculture,but more long-term research is needed to underpin evidence-based policy and farmer guidance.

关键词： bioactive forages integrated crop-livestock systems nitrogen cycling plant secondary metabolites soil carbon soil quality

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Biochar application to temperate grasslands:challenges and opportunities for delivering multiple ecosystem services

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 574-584页

作者： Robert W.Brown David R.Chadwick Tom Bott Helen M.West Paul Wilson Genevieve R.Hodgins Colin E.Snape davey l.jones School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityBangorLL572UWGwyneddUK School of Biosciences University of NottinghamSutton BoningtonLoughboroughLE125RDUK Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of NottinghamJubilee CampusNottinghamNG72TUUK Centre for Sustainable Farming Systems Food Futures InstituteSoilsWestMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA6150Australia

Grasslands(natural,semi-natural and improved)occupy approximately one-third of the terrestrial biosphere and are key for global ecosystem service provision,storing up to 30%of soil organic carbon(SOC).To date,most research on soil carbon(C)sequestration has focused on croplands where the levels of native soil organic matter(SOM)are typically low and significant potential exists to replenish SOM ***,with the renewed push to achieve“net zero”C emissions by 2050,grasslands may offer an additional C store,utilising tools such as ***,we critically evaluate the potential for biochar as a technology for increasing grassland C stocks,identifying a number of practical,economic,social and legislative challenges that need to be addressed before the widescale adoption of biochar may be *** critically assess the current knowledge within the field of grassland biochar research in the context of ecosystem service provision and provide opinions on the applicability of biochar as an amendment to different types of grassland(improved,semi-improved and unimproved)and the potential effect on ecosystem provision using a range of application techniques in the topsoil and *** concluded that the key question remains,is it possible for managed grasslands to store more C,without causing a loss in additional ecosystem services?To address this question future research must take a more multidisciplinary and holistic approach when evaluating the potential role of biochar at sequestering C in grasslands to mitigate climate change.

关键词： Pastureland Carbon storage Greenhouse gas emissions Offsetting

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REINTEGRATION OF CROP-lIVESTOCK SYSTEMS IN EUROPE:AN OVERVIEW

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2021年第1期8卷 111-129页

作者： Antonius G.T.SCHUT Emily C.COOlEDGE Marc MORAINE Gerrie W.J.VAN DE VEN davey l.jones David R.CHADWICK Plant Production Systems Wageningen University6700 AK Wageningenthe Netherlands School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityGwyneddLL572UWUK UMR 0951 INNOVATION French National Institute for AgricultureFood and Environment(INRAE)MontpellierFrance SoilsWest UWA School of Agriculture and EnvironmentThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China

Ongoing specialization of crop and livestock systems provides socioeconomic benefits to the farmer but has led to greater externalization of environmental costs when compared to mixed farming *** integration of crop and livestock systems offers great potential to rebalance the economic and environmental trade-offs in both *** aims of this study were to analyze changes in farm structure and review and evaluate the potential for reintegrating specialized intensive crop and livestock systems,with specific emphasis on identifying the co-benefits and barriers to ***,animals were essential to recycle nutrients in the farming system but this became less important with the availability of synthetic *** mixed farm systems can be economically attractive,benefits of scale combined with socio-economic factors have resulted in on-farm and regional specialization with negative environmental *** is therefore needed to reduce nutrient surpluses at farm,regional and national levels,and to improve soil quality in intensive cropping *** offers practical and cost-effective options to widen crop rotations and promotes the use of organic inputs and associated benefits,reducing dependency on synthetic fertilisers,biocides and manure processing *** agriculture goes beyond manure management and requires adaptation of both food production and consumption patterns,matching local capacity to produce with food ***,feed transport,greenhouse gas emissions,nutrient surpluses and nutrient losses to the environment can be *** is concluded that reintegration of specialized farms within a region can provide benefits to farmers but may also lead to further intensification of land *** approaches within a food system context offer alternatives for reintegration,but require strong policy incentives which show clear,tangible and lasting benefits for farmers,the environment an

关键词： circular agriculture coupled farming systems mixed farming specialised farming systems GHG

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丛植菌接种缓解生物炭应用对除草剂（Simazine）周转的潜在负效应

丛植菌接种缓解生物炭应用对除草剂（Simazine）周转的潜在负效应

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中国矿物岩石地球化学学会第17届学术年会

作者：程红光 davey l.jones 中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室 School of Environment Natural Resources & GeographyBangor University

＜正＞生物炭由于含碳率高、孔隙结构丰富、比表面积大、理化性质稳定等特点,被广泛应用于改善土壤结构与理化性质、提高作物产量、治理环境污染以及增加"农业碳汇"、减少温室气体排放等方面。近年来,尤其针对土壤环境的重金属污染治理... 详细信息

＜正＞生物炭由于含碳率高、孔隙结构丰富、比表面积大、理化性质稳定等特点,被广泛应用于改善土壤结构与理化性质、提高作物产量、治理环境污染以及增加"农业碳汇"、减少温室气体排放等方面。近年来,尤其针对土壤环境的重金属污染治理,强吸附能力的改性生物炭钝化土壤重金属时常报道。然而,我国广大低、中污染程度的重金属污染土壤治理过程中必

关键词：农业污染土壤丛植菌接种生物炭除草剂周转潜在负效应

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PROGRESS ON IMPROVING AGRICUlTURAl NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY: UK−CHINA VIRTUAl JOINT CENTERS ON NITROGEN AGRONOMY

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第3期9卷 475-489页

作者： Tom MISSElBROOK Zhaohai BAI Zejiang CAI Weidong CAO Alison CARSWEll Nicholas COWAN Zhenling CUI David RCHADWICK Bridget EMMETT Keith GOUlDING Rui JIANG davey ljones Xiaotang JU Hongbin lIU Yuelai lU lin MA David POWlSON Robert MREES Ute SKIBA Pete SMITH Roger SYlVESTER-BRADlEY John WIllIAMS lianhai WU Minggang XU Wen XU Fusuo ZHANG Junling ZHANG Jianbin ZHOU Xuejun lIU Rothamsted Research North WykeOkehamptonDevon EX202SBUK Center for Agricultural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050021China Qiyang Agro-ecosystem of National Field Experimental Station Yongzhou 426182China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Bush EstatePenicuikMidlothian EH260QBUK College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityBangor LL572UWUK UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Bangor LL572UWUK Rothamsted Research HarpendenHertfordshire AL52JQUK College of Resources and Environment Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China School of International Development University of East AngliaNorwichNorfolk NR47TJUK Scotland’s Rural College(SRUC) West Mains RoadEdinburghEH93JGUK Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeen AB243FXUK ADAS Boxworth Battlegate RoadBoxworthCambridge CB234NNUK.

Two virtual joint centers for nitrogen agronomy were established between the UK and China to facilitate collaborative research aimed at improving nitrogen use efficiency(NUE)in agricultural production systems and reducing losses of reactive N to the *** focus areas were improving fertilizer NUE,use of livestock manures,soil health,and policy development and knowledge *** to fertilizer NUE included attention to application rate in the context of yield potential and economic considerations and the potential of improved practices including enhanced efficiency fertilizers,plastic film mulching and cropping *** utilization of livestock manures requires knowledge of the available nutrient content,appropriate manure processing technologies and integrated nutrient management *** carbon,acidification and biodiversity were considered as important aspects of soil *** centers identified a range of potential actions that could be taken to improve N management,and the research conducted has highlighted the importance of developing a systemslevel approach to assessing improvement in the overall efficiency of N management and avoiding unintended secondary effects from individual *** this context,the management of fertilizer emissions and livestock manure at the farm and regional scales appear to be particularly important targets for mitigation.

关键词： CINAg N-CIRClE nitrogen use efficiency reactive nitrogen sustainable production

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