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An update on the management of chronic hepatitis D

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Gastroenterology Report 2019年第6期7卷 396-402,I0001页

作者： Pir Ahmad Shah Saad Choudhry Karen J.Campoverde Reyes daryl t.y.lau Division of Gastroenterology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Neuroendocrine Unit Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Hepatitis D virus(HDV)infection is associated with severe liver-related morbidity and *** prevalence of HDV is rising especially among people who abuse drugs and immigrants from endemic *** diagnostic assays with enhanced sensitivity and specificity are essential for screening at-risk *** recently,interferon has been the only treatment for hepatitis *** efficacy is,however,limited and it is associated with significant side effects.A number of novel antiviral agents that target various stages of the HDV life cycle show promising *** are currently in different phases of clinical *** review focuses on the changing epidemiology,novel therapeutic agents,and updated management of chronic hepatitis delta.

关键词： chronic hepatitis D HDV therapy HDV diagnostics interferon myrcludex B lonafarnib

Management of chronic hepatitis B during pregnancy

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Gastroenterology Report 2018年第4期6卷 257-262,I0001页

作者： Aysha Aslam Karen Joanie Campoverde Reyes Vijayram Reddy Malladi Rizwan Ishtiaq daryl t.y.lau Liver Center Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA Neuroendocrine Unit Department of MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA

Chronic hepatitis B is globally prevalent and is a major cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular *** immunoprophylaxis against hepatitis B in pregnancy,perinatal transmission still occurs in at least 10%of the children born to a mother with high level of *** regarding hepatitis B therapy during pregnancy must take into account the benefits and safety for both the mother and the unborn *** this review,we summarize the current treatment options for chronic hepatitis B with a focus on management during pregnancy and the evidence-based strategies to prevent vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus(HBV).

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B pregnancy nucleoside analogue hepatitis B therapy

Improved hepatitis A and hepatitis B vaccination strategy is necessary for patients with chronic hepatitis C

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Gastroenterology Report 2020年第4期8卷 326-328,I0003页

作者： Muhammad H.Maqsood Himabindu Kolli Satinder P.Kaur Karen J.Campoverde Reyes Javier Guevara Pir A.Shah Arslan talat daryl t.y.lau Division of Gastroenterology Liver Research CenterBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introduction Hepatitis C virus(HCV)is a major cause of chronic liver *** A virus(HAV)or hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection on pre-existing hepatitis C can lead to significant morbidity and mortality[1].the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices(ACIP)recommends HAV and HBV vaccination for patients with chronic liver diseases[2,3].Best-practice advice from the American College of Physicians and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)also emphasized the importance of HBV vaccination for at-risk populations[4].the hepatitis B vaccine response,however,is generally lower among patients with chronic liver diseases,especially those with cirrhosis or older age[5,6].In this study,we reported that a high proportion of patients with chronic hepatitis C remained at risk of HAV or HBV infection at their referral to our tertiary Liver Center.

关键词：乙肝疫苗 diseases infection

A challenging case of alpha-fetoprotein-result discrepancies in a patient with chronic hepatitis B

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Gastroenterology Report 2020年第6期8卷 484-486,I0003页

作者： Pir A.Shah Allison Onken Rizwan Ishtiaq Muhammad H.Maqsood Shyam S.Patel Karen J.Campoverde Reyes Adrianna Z.Herskovits daryl t.y.lau Department of Medicine Liver CenterDivision of GastroenterologyBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Pathology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introduction Alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)is the most abundant serum protein found in the human fetus,produced by the yolk sac and the liver[1].the levels of maternal serum AFP reach a peak value at28-32 weeks of gestation and decrease rapidly after birth and usually drop to the normal at 8-12 months of *** normal serum AFP level for an adult istrast,livertumor cells usually synthesize and secrete an increased level of *** ultrasound and AFP are generally recommended as the screening modality for HCC for patients at risk for development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)[1].AFP-L3,an isoform of AFP that binds Lens culinaris agglutinin,can be particularly useful in the early identification of aggressive HCC[2].these assays,however,can generate false-positive and false-negative AFP *** patients with advanced HCC,20%had normal AFP levels,whereas some patients with liver diseases had significant AFP elevation without liver cancer in long-term surveillance[3].Elevated AFP levels could be associated with active liver diseases with hepatocyte regeneration[4,5].In that setting,the AFP level will decline with improvement of the underlying liver *** case illustrated the dilemma and uncertainties as a result of persistent abnormal AFP values after extensive clinical investigations.

关键词：甲胎蛋白 fetus false

Mindfulness Facets and Psychological Well-Being among Meditators:Serenity as a Mediating Process

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2024年第3期26卷 177-187页

作者： Rebecca y.M.Cheung Iris yili Wang Elsa Ngar-Sze lau School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences University of ReadingReadingUK Department of Special Education and Counselling The Education University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Educational Administration and Policy The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Guided by the theoretical processes of mindfulness and psychological well-being,this study examined serenity as a mediator between mindfulness facets and psychological well-being,as indexed by depressive symptoms and life *** were 133 mindfulness practitioners who took part in a 3-day transnational meditation event in Hong *** informed consent,participants completed a self-report *** findings from structural equation modeling showed that serenity mediated the relation between two facets of mindfulness,including describing and nonreacting to inner experience,and life *** also mediated the relation between the mindfulness facet of describing and depressive *** associations were indicated between two mindfulness facets,including observing and nonjudging of inner experience,and depressive *** together,the findings revealed mindfulness facets as major correlates of serenity and psychological outcomes among Chinese meditation *** foster psychological well-being,researchers,educators,and practitioners should pay attention to the role of serenity,describing,and nonreacting to inner experience in mental health.

关键词： Depressive symptoms mindfulness mindfulness practitioners satisfaction with life serenity

Material characterization and inter/intra-particle validation for DEM simulation of urea coating process

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 32-48页

作者： Salma A.Nouh KuZilati KuShaari lau Kok Keong Shafirah Samsuri Chemical Engineering Department Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS32610 Seri IskandarPerak Darul RidzuanMalaysia

Particle coating is a common operation in the controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) industry,where a coating layer is appliedto the urea cores.A discrete element method (DEM) computer simulation was applied to model the coating process for the urea granules using measured model *** accuracy of DEM input parameters for the coating material properties and the physical and mechanical characterizations of urea granules are crucial to the study of particle coating ***,to enhance the simulation accuracy,information on the material properties (urea granules) is *** this study,the elasticity parameters,shear modulus ,coefficient of restitution (CoR),and coefficient of rolling and static friction (CoRF) and (CoSF) of urea granules are estimated experimentally in addition to the physical *** sensitivity of the angle of repose of the urea bed was investigated at different coefficients of *** to the obtained experimental value of the angle of repose,values of 0.2 and 0.3 for CoRF and CoSF,respectively,were adjusted to obtain consistent urea granules’ motion for simulation and the ***,the spray droplet sizes and velocity distributions were estimated using the video-imaging process *** on this experimental characterization,elasticity parameters and spray properties were integrated into DEM simulation software as input data to perform numerical analysis of the coating process to compare simulation and experimental results,which show uniformity at three different pan speeds with a maximum deviation of 0.033 at 5 ***,consistency between DEM and experiment results was achieved in terms of average coating thickness (μm) of the selected samples and average intra-particle thickness variation ( CoV intra ).these results revealed that the coating film thickness is proportional to the rotation speed for the experiment and *** enhance the inter-particle coating uniformity,the effects of the

关键词： Contact model Discrete element method Urea fertilizer Coating process

Supposition of graphene stacks to estimate the contact resistance and conductivity of nanocomposites

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第4期45卷 663-676页

作者： y.ZARE M.t.MUNIR G.J.WENG K.y.RHEE Biomaterials and tissue Engineering Research Group Department of Interdisciplinary TechnologiesBreast Cancer Research CenterMotamed Cancer InstituteTehran ***Iran College of Engineering and technology American University of the Middle EastEgaila 54200Kuwait Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJ 08903U.S.A. Department of Mechanical Engineering(BK21 Four) College of EngineeringKyung Hee UniversityYongin 446701Republic of Korea

In this study,the effects of stacked nanosheets and the surrounding interphase zone on the resistance of the contact region between nanosheets and the tunneling conductivity of samples are evaluated with developed equations superior to those previously *** contact resistance and nanocomposite conductivity are modeled by several influencing factors,including stack properties,interphase depth,tunneling size,and contact *** developed model's accuracy is verified through numerous experimental *** further validate the models and establish correlations between parameters,the effects of all the variables on contact resistance and nanocomposite conductivity are ***,the contact resistance is primarily dependent on the polymer tunnel resistivity,contact area,and tunneling *** dimensions of the graphene nanosheets significantly influence the conductivity,which ranges from 0 S/m to90 S/*** increased number of nanosheets in stacks and a larger gap between them enhance the nanocomposite's ***,the thicker interphase and smaller tunneling size can lead to higher sample conductivity due to their optimistic effects on the percolation threshold and network efficacy.

关键词： graphene polymer composite stacked nanosheet tunneling conductivity contact resistance interphase

Novel classification of gastric polyps:the good,the bad and the ugly

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第31期30卷 3640-3653页

作者： Deborah Costa daryl Ramai Alberto tringali Department of Digestive Endoscopy and Gastroenterology AULSS2Conegliano HospitalConegliano 31015Italy Department of Gastroenterology Division of Hepatology and EndoscopyBrigham and Women's HospitalBostonMA 02115United States

Gastric polyps(GPs)are increasingly *** upper endoscopy,they should be examined with white light and occasionally chromoendoscopy,and their morphology classified according to the Paris *** GPs have a typical endoscopic appearance and can be associated with diseases like Helicobacter pylori *** examination is necessary for an accurate *** most polyps are non-neoplastic and do not require treatment,some carry a risk of malignancy or are already ***,understanding the diagnosis,classification,and management of GPs is crucial for patient *** new classification categorizes GPs into"good","bad",and"ugly"based on their likelihood of becoming *** aim to provide descriptions of the endoscopic appearance,pathology,treatment,and follow-up for different GPs,as well as clinical management flowcharts.

关键词： Gastric polyps Fundic gland polyps Hyperplastic polyps Adenomas Neuroendocrine tumors Early gastric cancer

Bile acids,gut microbiota,and therapeutic insights in hepatocellular carcinoma

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第2期21卷 144-162页

作者： yang Song Harry CH lau Xiang Zhang Jun yu Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and therapeutics State Key Laboratory of Digestive DiseaseLi Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesCUHK Shenzhen Research InstituteThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Gastroenterology Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361004China

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a prevalent and aggressive liver *** interplay between bile acids(BAs)and the gut microbiota has emerged as a critical factor in HCC development and *** normal conditions,BA metabolism is tightly regulated through a bidirectional interplay between gut microorganisms and *** gut microbiota plays a critical role in BA metabolism,and BAs are endogenous signaling molecules that help maintain liver and intestinal *** note,dysbiotic changes in the gut microbiota during pathogenesis and cancer development can disrupt BA homeostasis,thereby leading to liver inflammation and fibrosis,and ultimately contributing to HCC ***,understanding the intricate interplay between BAs and the gut microbiota is crucial for elucidating the mechanisms underlying *** this review,we comprehensively explore the roles and functions of BA metabolism,with a focus on the interactions between BAs and gut microorganisms in ***,therapeutic strategies targeting BA metabolism and the gut microbiota are discussed,including the use of BA agonists/antagonists,probiotic/prebiotic and dietary interventions,fecal microbiota transplantation,and engineered *** summary,understanding the complex BA-microbiota crosstalk can provide valuable insights into HCC development and facilitate the development of innovative therapeutic approaches for liver malignancy.

关键词： Bile acid gut microbiota hepatocellular carcinoma therapeutics microbiota modulation