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Conditioned Place Preference Deficits in Adulthood Following High Fat and High Sugar Diet Intake in Pre- and Periadolescence: A Test of the Specificity Hypothesis

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j.urnal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2013年第7期3卷 556-563页

作者： Gregory j. Privitera darryl j. mayeaux Rachel A. Schey Hannah E. Lapp Department of Psychology Saint Bonaventure University St. Bonaventure USA

Obesity is linked to poorer cognitive performance, both of which may result from eating high-fat foods during development. In the present study, pre-and periadolescent (postnatal days 21 to 40) male rats were fed high fat (HF), high sugar (HS), or rodent chow (Chow) diets. After conditioning for 16 days with either Cheetos? (high-fat) or Froot Loops? (high-sugar) unconditioned stimuli (US) on one side of a conditioned place preference (CPP) apparatus, rats were tested on postnatal day 61 for a place preference. Chow rats preferred the US-paired side, but HF rats showed no preference. HS rats preferred the side paired with Cheetos? but not with Froot Loops?. In spite of these deficits, obj.ct recognition, a nonassociative learning task, was not impaired. These results show mixed support for the specificity hypothesis, which predicts that CPP deficits will be nutrient-specific. The results show for the first time that eating a HS diet leads to a nutrient-specific CPP deficit (for HS foods), whereas eating a HF diet leads to a general CPP deficit (for HS and HF foods).

关键词： High Fat Diet High Sugar Diet CPP Cheetos^(■) Froot Loops^(■)

For cervical cancer screening,which test is better,and forwhom?

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Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 77-78页

作者： Edward j.mayeaux j. Yun Zhao USC School of Medicine Columbia Affiliate of Family and Preventive Medicine USC School of Medicine LibraryColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA Peking University People's Hospital BeijingChina

In their j.nuary 2024 article,Vahteristo et al reported the results of their prospective randomised trial comparing human papillomavirus(HPV)-basedcervical cancer screening versus cytologyyscreening gin Southern *** study examined using high-risk HPV(hrHPV)-based cervical cancer screening in Finland,a country with awell-established,high-qualitycytology screening programme and a low incidence of cervical *** 236000 individuals were involved in this long-term follow-up of the Finnish randomised HPV screening *** authors calculated the cervical cancer incidence and mortality rate ratios using Poisson regression.

关键词： cervical cancer mortality

A preliminary evaluation of throughfall sampling techniques in a mature coniferous forest

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j.urnal of Forestry Research 2014年第2期25卷 407-413页

作者： darryl. E. Carlyle-Moses Chad. E. Lishman Adam. j. McKee Department of Geography & Environmental Studies Thompson Rivers University Graduate Program in Environmental Science Thompson Rivers University

Rainfall, throughfall and stemflow were measured and canopy interception loss was derived for 14 rainfall events from j.ne 22 to August 30, 2008 within a mature declining hybrid white spruce （Picea glauca （Moench） Voss x p engelmannii Parry ex Engelm.） - subalpine fir （Abies lasiocarpa （Hook.） Nutt.） - lodgepole pine （Pinus contorta vat. latifolia Dougl. ex Loud.） stand in south-central British Columbia, Can- ada. Stemflow was negligible during the study period, while, respectively throughfall and canopy interception loss accounted for approximately 59.4% and 40.6% of the 50.1 mm of cumulative rainfall. Throughfall variability was assessed with three approaches involving roving and stationary wedge-type gauges, and stationary trough gauges. Throughfall exhibited large spatial variability with the coefficient of variability of study period throughfall sampled using 16 stationary trough gauges being 30.3%, while it was 38.0% and 28.7% for 32 stationary and 32 roving wedge gauges, respectively. Our analysis suggests that a roving gauge method is better than a stationary approach since the errors associated with event mean throughfalls are summed quadratically and a greater portion of the canopy area is sampled. Trough gauges were more efficient than wedge gauges; however, this efficiency was less than expected given their much larger sampling areas, suggesting that spatial autocorrelation lengths of throughfall may be longer than the trough systems. The spatial distribution of throughfall showed a high degree of temporal persistence throughout the study suggesting the existence of stable ＂wet＂ and ＂dry＂ inputs to the floors of these coniferous forests.

关键词： throughfall canopy interception loss stemflow spatial variability temporal persistence

Modelling stemflow production by j.venile lodgepole pine(Pinus contorta ***)trees

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j.urnal of Forestry Research 2017年第3期28卷 565-576页

作者： Adam j.McKee darryl E.Carlyle-Moses Graduate Program in Environmental Science Thompson Rivers University900 McGill RoadKamloopsBC V2C 0C8Canada Department of Geography&Environmental Studies Thompson Rivers University900 McGill RoadKamloopsBC V2C 0C8Canada

Stemflow is a focused point source input of precipitation and nutrients at the base of a tree or plant and can have a significant impact on site hydrology. To date, no known studies have modelled stemflow production for j.venile lodgepole pine （Pinus contorta vat. latifolia）. Meteorological conditions, tree characteristics, and stemflow were sampled for two j.venile lodgepole pine stands over the course of the 2009 growing season. Step-wise multiple regression was used to assess which meteorological and tree architecture variables influenced stemflow production for each research plot. Once predictor variables were identified, models were produced for each stand and a generic model was produced that applied to both plots. A model employing precipitation depth and crown proj.ction area successfully explained 71.3% of the variation in stemflow production from sampled trees. Stemflow was found to represent 1.8% of the study period rainfall and, although not a large component of the plot-scale canopy water balance, it is an order of magnitude greater than the fractioning of stemflow from mature lodgepole and lodgepole pine dominated forest. Additionally, stemflow funnelling ratios were found to average 22.2 and 24.3 from the two sample plots over the study period with a single tree, single event maximum of 111.7 recorded for a tree with a 3.3 cm bole diameter and a rain depth of 17.4 mm.

关键词： Lodgepole pine Stemflow Stemflow funnelling ratio

Modeling Fiber Composites during the Cure Process for Piezoelectric Actuation

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World j.urnal of Mechanics 2013年第1期3卷 26-42页

作者： darryl V. Murray Oliver j. Myers 不详

Analytical, numerical, and experimental modeling methods are presented to predict deformation after the cure process of thin unsymmetric laminates for piezoelectric actuation. During fabrication, laminates deform to several post-cure room temperature shapes. Thin cross-ply laminates deform to a circular cylindrical post-cure shape while thicker laminates deform to a saddle shape. Post-cure shapes are dependent on ply orientation, thickness, and material properties. Because, CLT alone does not always predict the correct post-cure room temperature shape of the thin composite laminates, an extension of CLT with the Rayleigh-Ritz technique and potential energies are used to better predict these shapes. Finite element models are used to predict the post-cure room temperature shapes. Thin composite laminates are modeled coupling heat transfer and structural mechanics, which are necessary for modeling the cure process. Modeling the fabrication process captured important data such as residual stresses from the cure process, room temperature shapes, and bi-stability of the composite laminates. To validate these analytical and numerical results, experiments were con- ducted using macro-fiber composite (MFC) patches for morphing the laminates. The experimental piezoelectric morph- ing results relate well to analytical and numerical results.

关键词： Composite Piezoelectric Morphing Modeling

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婴幼儿胃食管反流相关性咳嗽治疗的初步研究

中国当代儿科杂志 2012年第5期14卷 321-327页

作者： darryl j. Adamko Carina M. Maj.esic Adrian B. j.nes Christopher Skappak 邓小鹿(译) 姚跃(审校) Department of Pediatrics Divisions of Pulmonary University of Saskatchewan Canada Department of Pediatrics Divisions of Pulmonary University of Alberta Canada . Department of Pediatrics Divisions of Gastroenterology University of Alberta Canada 不详

目的婴幼儿哮喘的诊断主要基于咳嗽及喘息等临床症状,神经系统功能正常的婴幼儿当出现过度胃食管反流时也可以出现类似症状。目前并无随机对照研究来评价单独使用质子泵抑制剂或联合促动力药在婴幼儿中应用的疗效。本研究的主要目的是... 详细信息

目的婴幼儿哮喘的诊断主要基于咳嗽及喘息等临床症状,神经系统功能正常的婴幼儿当出现过度胃食管反流时也可以出现类似症状。目前并无随机对照研究来评价单独使用质子泵抑制剂或联合促动力药在婴幼儿中应用的疗效。本研究的主要目的是证实在呼吸道症状提示哮喘的婴幼儿中的确存在过度胃食管反流。其次,通过随机空白对照试验,探讨使用氨基甲酰甲基胆碱和奥美拉唑治疗过度胃食管反流可否改善呼吸道症状。方法有慢性咳嗽或喘息病史且有病史支持、pH监测异常或胃排空扫描提示胃食管反流的婴幼儿22例,随机分为4个治疗组:安慰剂+安慰剂(PP治疗组)、奥美拉唑+氨基甲酰甲基胆碱(OB治疗组)、奥美拉唑+安慰剂(OP治疗组)、氨基甲酰甲基胆碱+安慰剂(BP治疗组)。通过临床问卷调查、检查和家庭日记以及pH监测数据评估患儿上述治疗前后及奥美拉唑+氨基甲酰甲基胆碱非盲试验后的情况。结果 19例纳入数据统计。PP治疗对胃食管反流或呼吸道症状没有作用,pH监测提示胃食管反流并无减少。然而根据pH监测及家长评估,OB治疗可减少胃食管反流,同时显著减少日间咳嗽,改善呼吸,无不良反应发生。结论对于临床表现提示慢性胃食管反流相关性咳嗽的婴幼儿,使用奥美拉唑和氨基甲酰甲基胆碱治疗是可行的选择。

关键词：咳嗽胃食管反流哮喘婴幼儿

Survival of avian influenza virus and Newcastle disease virus during composting based on virus isolation and real time RT-PCR methods

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Survival of avian influenza virus and Newcastle disease viru...

Cytochrome P450 Oxidase 2j.Inhibition Alters Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism Profile during Pathological Ocular Angiogenesis

The 15th World Veterinary Poultry Congress

作者： Brian W.Brooks Maria Chan Chris Grenier darryl C.Wilkie j.LLoyd Spencer Canadian Food Inspection Agency(CFIA) Ottawa Laboratory FallowfieldOttawaOntarioK2H 8P9Canada

Composting has been used for disposal of poultry carcasses and manure following outbreaks of avian in- fluenza virus(AIV)and Newcastle disease virus(NDV),and there is a need to study survival of both viruses during th...

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Cytochrome P450 Oxidase 2J Inhibition Alters Omega-3 Long-Ch...

Cytochrome P450 Epoxygenase 2j. Prevent Cardiac Fibrosis by Suppressing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Associated Inflammatory Response in Heart Failure

中国生物化学与分子生物学会第十二届全国会员代表大会暨2...

作者： Nannan Zhang Yuke Gao Shengyu Wu Xiaolu Zhu j.ng Chen darryl Zeldin Lois Smith Yan Gong Department of Biological Repositories Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Department of Ophthalmology Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Department of Ophthalmology Boston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical School Division of Intramural Research National Institute of Environmental Health SciencesNational Institutes of Health

Pathological ocular angiogenesis is a maj.r cause of *** dietary intake of ω-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids(LCPUFAs) reduces retinal and choroidal neovascularization,but ω-3 LCPUFA metabolites of a maj.r metabolizing pathway,cytochrome P450 oxidase(CYP) 2 j.promote ocular pathological *** hypothesized that inhibition of CYP2 j.activity will augment the protective effects of ω-3 LCPUFAs on neovascular eye *** mouse models of oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR) and laser-induced choroidal neovascularization(CNV) were used to investigate pathological angiogenesis in the retina and choroid in vivo *** plasma levels of ω-3 LCPUFA metabolites of CYP2 j.were determined by liquid chromatography and tandem mass *** aortic ring and choroidal explant sprouting assays were used to investigate the effects of CYP2 j.inhibition and ω-3 LCPUFA derived CYP2 j.metabolic products on angiogenesis ex *** anti-angiogenic role of flunarizine and regulation of endothelial cell behaviors were evaluated in human endothelial cell tubule formation and migration assays in *** of CYP2 j.activity by flunarizine augmented the protective effects of ω-3 LCPUFAs on retinal and choroidal neovascularization by 30% and 20% *** CYP2 j. over-expressing mice fed a ω-3 LCPUFA diet,flunarizine suppressed retinal and choroidal neovascularization by 36% and 39% and reduced the plasma levels of CYP2 j. *** epoxide hydrolase inhibition,which blocks breakdown and inactivation of CYP2 j.ω-3 LCPUFA-derived active metabolites,increased OIR and CNV in *** to selected ω-3 LCPUFA metabolites of CYP2 j.significantly reversed the suppression of both angiogenesis ex vivo and endothelial cell functions in vitro by the CYP2 j.inhibitor *** of CYP2 j.activity augments the protective effects of ω-3 LCPUFAs on pathological ocular *** suppresses retinal pathologic ne

关键词： CYP2j Omega-3 LCPUFA Flunarizine Metabolism Profile Pathological Ocular Angiogenesis

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Cytochrome P450 Epoxygenase 2J2 Prevent Cardiac Fibrosis by ...