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Agricultural Sciences 2021年第4期12卷 424-443页

作者： Christian Willemse Nader Soltani Brendan Metzger David C. Hooker Amit j. jhala darren E. Robinson Peter H. Sikkema Department of Plant Agriculture University of Guelph Ridgetown ON Canada Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA

The biologically-effective-dose of tolpyralate, a new 4-hydroxyphenyl-pyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD)-inhibitor, applied alone or tank-mixed with atrazine, for the control of multiple-herbicide-resistant (MHR) waterhemp [Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) j. D. Sauer] has not been studied in corn. Seven field experiments were conducted during a three-year period (2018, 2019, 2020) in Ontario, Canada with MHR waterhemp to determine: 1) the dose-response of MHR waterhemp to tolpyralate and tolpyralate plus atrazine, and 2) the relative efficacy of tolpyralate and tolpyralate plus atrazine to post-emergence corn herbicides, dicamba/atrazine (500/1000 g·ha−1) and mesotrione + atrazine (100 + 280 g·ha−1). Tolpyralate + atrazine (120 + 4000 g·ha−1) caused 13% corn injury at one site two weeks after application (WAA), which was observed as transient foliar chlorosis and bleaching of new leaves. At 12 WAA, the predicted dose of tolpyralate for 50% control of MHR waterhemp at Cottam and on Walpole Island was 8 and 2 g·ha−1, respectively;the predicted dose of tolpyralate + atrazine for 50% control of MHR waterhemp at Cottam and on Walpole Island was 5 + 160 and 1 + 21 g·ha−1, respectively. The difference in predicted dose at the two sites is likely due to differences in MHR density and resistance profile. Applied at the registered rate, tolpyralate (30 g·ha−1) an

关键词： Biological Effective Dose Biomass Density Multiple-Herbicide-Resistant Weed Management

Early Postemergence Herbicide Tank-Mixtures for Control of Waterhemp Resistant to Four Herbicide Modes of Action in Corn

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Agricultural Sciences 2021年第4期12卷 354-369页

作者： Christian Willemse Nader Soltani Lauren Benoit Amit j. jhala David C. Hooker darren E. Robinson Peter H. Sikkema Department of Plant Agriculture University of Guelph Ridgetown Canada Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA

Multiple-herbicide-resistant (MHR) waterhemp has been confirmed and is difficult to control for growers in Ontario, Canada and in the Midwestern United States. The objective of this study was to evaluate early post-emergence (EPOST) herbicides for control of MHR waterhemp in field corn. Five field trials were conducted over a two-year period (2019, 2020) at sites on Walpole Island, ON and near Cottam, ON, Canada. Thirteen herbicide tank-mixtures containing multiple modes-of-action (MOA) were applied EPOST to 5 cm MHR waterhemp in field corn. Control of MHR waterhemp varied by site due to variable plant density, plant biomass, and number of herbicide-resistant individuals across research sites and years. Control of MHR waterhemp ranged from 90% to 100% with glyphosate + S-metolachlor/mesotrione/ bicyclopyrone/atrazine, glyphosate/2,4-D choline + rimsulfuron + mesotrione + atrazine, glyphosate + S-metolachlor/atrazine/mesotrione, glyphosate + mesotrione + atrazine, glyphosate/S-metolachlor/mesotrione + atrazine, glyphosate + S-metolachlor/mesotrione/bicyclopyrone, glyphosate/2,4-D choline + rimsulfuron + mesotrione, and glyphosate + pyroxasulfone + dicamba/atrazine at 4, 8, and 12 WAA. Control of MHR waterhemp ranged from 70% to 100% with glyphosate + topramezone/dimethenamid-P + dicamba/atrazine, glyphosate + isoxaflutole + atrazine, and glyphosate + tolpyralate + atrazine at 4, 8, and 12 WAA. Control of MHR waterhemp was similar for all herbicide programs, except glyphosate + dicamba/atrazine and glyphosate + S-metolachlor/atrazine which resulted in the lowest control at three of five sites that ranged from 63% to 89% and 61% to 76%, respectively. Crop injury was ≤10% for herbicide programs tested, except 28% to 31% corn injury with glyphosate/2,4-D choline + rimsulfuron + mesotrione + atrazine;however, without effect on corn grain yield. Corn yield was comparable with all herbicide programs evaluated in this study. It is concluded that there are herbicide programs

关键词： Density Biomass Residual Weed Control Weed Management

Clinical predictors of severe dengue:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第5期10卷 83-83页

作者： Tsheten Tsheten Archie C.A.Clements darren j.Gray Ripon K.Adhikary Luis Furuya‑Kanamori Kinley Wangdi Department of Global Health Research School of Population HealthCollege of Health and MedicineAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralia 不详

Background:Severe dengue is a life-threatening complication;rapid identifcation of these cases,followed by adequate management is crucial to improve the clinical ***,this study aimed to identify risk factors and predictors of severe ***:A literature search for studies reporting risk factors of severe dengue among individuals with dengue virus infection was conducted in PubMed,Scopus and Web of Science database from inception to December 31,*** odds ratios(ORs)for patients’demographic characteristics,co-morbidities,and warning signs were estimated using an inverse variance heterogeneity ***:We included 143 articles in the meta-analysis from a total of 13090 articles retrieved from the literature *** risk factors of severe dengue were:being a child[OR=1.96;95%confdence interval(CI):1.22–3.13],secondary infection(OR=3.23;95%CI:2.28–4.57),and patients with pre-existing diabetes(OR=2.88;95%CI:1.72–4.81)and renal disease(OR=4.54;95%CI:1.55–13.31).Warning signs strongly associated with severe disease were increased haematocrit with a concurrent decrease in platelet count(OR=5.13;95%CI:1.61–16.34),abdominal pain(OR=2.00;95%CI:1.49–2.68),lethargy(OR=2.73;95%CI:1.05–7.10),vomiting(OR=1.80;95%CI:1.43–2.26),hepa‑tomegaly(OR=5.92;95%CI:3.29–10.66),ascites(OR=6.30;95%CI:3.75–10.60),pleural efusion(OR=5.72;95%CI:3.24–10.10)and melena(OR=4.05;95%CI:1.64–10.00).Conclusions:Our meta-analysis identifed children,secondary infection,diabetes and renal disease(s)as important predictors of severe *** fnding also supports the predictive ability of the WHO warning signs to iden‑tify severe *** fndings are useful for clinicians to identify severe dengue for management and timely interventions.

关键词： Severe dengue Meta-analysis Risk factor Warning sign

Protective effects of cyclosporine and its analog NIM-811 in a murine model of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury

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Liver Research 2024年第1期8卷 46-53页

作者： joshua Hefler Rena Pawlick Braulio A.Marfil-Garza Aducio Thiesen Nerea Cuesta-Gomez Sanaz Hatami darren H.Freed Constantine Karvellas David L.Bigam A.M.james Shapiro Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine&DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine&DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada CHRISTUS-LatAm Hub Excellence&Innovation Center MonterreyMexico Alberta Diabetes Institute University of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Clinical Islet Transplant Program University of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Department of Laboratory Medicine&Pathology Faculty of Medicine&DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada

Background and aim:The liver is susceptible to ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI)during hepatic surgery,when the vessels are compressed to control bleeding,or liver transplantation,when there is an obligate period of *** hallmark of IRI comprises mitochondrial dysfunction,which generates reactive oxygen species,and cell death through necrosis or ***(CsA),which is a well-known immunosuppressive agent that inhibits calcineurin,has the additional effect of inhibiting the mito-chondrial permeability transition pore(mPTP),thereby,preventing mitochondrial swelling and ***-811,which is the nonimmunosuppressive analog of CsA,has a similar effect on the *** this study,we tested the effect of both agents on mitigating warm hepatic IRI in a murine *** and methods:Before ischemic insult,the mice were administered with intraperitoneal normal saline(control);CsA at 2.5,10,or 25 mg/kg;or NIM-811 at 10 mg/***,the mice were subjected to partial warm hepatic ischemia by selective pedicle clamping for 60 min,followed by 6 h of recovery after *** alanine transaminase(ALT)was measured,and the liver tissue was examined histologically for the presence of apoptosis and the levels of inflammatory ***:Compared with the control mice,the mice treated with 10 and 25 mg/kg of CsA and NIM-811 had significantly lower ALT levels(Pjury scores after treatment with CsA at 2.5,10,and 25 mg/kg and NIM-811(P=0.041,<0.001,0.003,and 0.043,respectively)and significant decrease in apoptosis after treatment with CsA at all doses(P=0.012,0.007,and<0.001,respectively).Levels of the pro-inflammatory cyto-kines,particularly interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-2,IL-4,IL-10,and keratinocyte chemoattractant/human growth-regulated oncogene significantly decreased in the mice treated with the highest dose of CsA(25 mg/kg)than those in the control ***

关键词： Cyclosporine(CsA) Cyclosporine analogue Liver surgery Ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI) Animal model NIM-811

Tolpyralate + Atrazine Applied Preemergence Provides Residual GR Canada Fleabane [Conyza canadensis(L.) Cronq.] Control Similar to Current Industry Standards

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Agricultural Sciences 2020年第4期11卷 417-424页

作者： Nicole M. Langdon Nader Soltani Alan j. Raedar David C. Hooker darren E. Robinson Peter H. Sikkema University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus Ridgetown Canada ISK Biosciences Inc. Concord OH USA

Tolpyralate is a benzoylpyrazole, 4-hydroxyphenyl-pyruvate dioxygenase inhibitor, and a herbicide registered for use in corn. The efficacy of tolpyralate plus atrazine to provide full-season residual control of glyphosate-resistant (GR) Canada fleabane in corn is not known under Ontario environmental conditions. Five field trials were completed over a two-year period (2018-19) in south-western Ontario on farms with confirmed GR Canada fleabane [Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq.] populations to determine if tolpyralate + atrazine provides full-season residual control of GR Canada fleabane in corn. Corn injury was less than 10% with all treatments. At 4 weeks after application (WAA), tolpyralate (30 g·ai·ha−1), tolpyralate (40 g·ai·ha−1), and atrazine (560 g·ai·ha−1) controlled GR Canada fleabane 64, 78 and 72%, respectively. A tank mix of tolpyralate + atrazine at both rates improved GR Canada fleabane control to 94%. Saflufenacil/dimethenamid-p, mesotrione + atrazine, and dicamba/atrazine controlled GR Canada fleabane 99, 95 and 92%, respectively. At 8 WAA, tolpyralate (30 g·ai·ha−1), tolpyralate (40 g·ai·ha−1) and atrazine (560 g·ai·ha−1) controlled GR Canada fleabane 83, 88, and 83%, respectively (Table 2). The tank mixes of tolpyralate (30 g·ai·ha−1) + atrazine (560 g·ai·ha−1) and tolpyralate (40 g·ai·ha−1) + atrazine (560 g·ai·ha−1) controlled GR Canada fleabane 94, and 97%, respectively, 8 WAA which was similar to saflufenacil/dimethenamid-p, mesotrione + atrazine and dicamba/atrazine. There was no treatment difference for corn yield. Based on these results, tolpyralate (40 g·ha−1), tolpyralate (30 g·ha−1) + atrazine and tolpyralate (40 g·ha−1) + atrazine, applied PRE, provided similar control of GR Canada fleabane as current indu

关键词： Crop Injury Density Efficacy Glyphosate-Resistant Horseweed Marestail Residual Weed Control Sensitivity Weed Control g·ai·ha-1

Influence of Adjuvants on the Efficacy of Tolpyralate plus Atrazine for the Control of Annual Grass and Broadleaf Weeds in Corn with and without Roundup WeatherMAX®

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American journal of Plant Sciences 2020年第3期11卷 465-495页

作者： Nicole M. Langdon Nader Soltani Alan j. Raedar darren E. Robinson David C. Hooker Peter H. Sikkema University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus Ridgetown Canada ISK Biosciences Inc. Concord OH USA

Tolpyralate is a new HPPD-inhibiting herbicide that is efficacious on annual grass and broadleaf weed species in corn. For maximum herbicide performance of tolpyralate, it is recommended that atrazine is tank mixed with tolpyralate along with the adjuvants methylated seed oil concentrate (MSO) plus urea ammonia nitrate (UAN). A common use pattern of tolpyralate plus atrazine will be in a tank mix with Roundup WeatherMAX®due to the high proportion of corn acres that are seeded to Roundup Ready®hybrids in Eastern Canada. There is no information in the peer-reviewed literature if the adjuvant system in Roundup WeatherMAX®is adequate for optimal herbicide performance of tolpyralate plus atrazine, or if MSO and UAN are still required. Six field trials were conducted over two years near Ridgetown and Exeter, ON, Canada to determine if adjuvants are still required when tolpyralate plus atrazine is tank mixed with Roundup WeatherMAX®in corn. Tolpyralate plus atrazine plus MSO and Roundup WeatherMAX®plus tolpyralate plus atrazine provided excellent control of velvetleaf, pigweed spp, common ragweed, lambsquarters, ladysthumb, wild mustard, flower-of-an-hour, barnyardgrass and green foxtail in this study. Results of this study show that in the absence of Roundup WeatherMAX®, weed control with tolpyralate plus atrazine was improved substantially with the addition of MSO;however, there was little to no increase in weed control with the addition of UAN. When tolpyralate plus atrazine was co-applied with Roundup WeatherMAX®, there was no improvement in weed control with the addition of MSO and/or UAN.

关键词： Biomass Broadleaf Weeds Corn Efficacy Grassweeds Roundup WeatherMAX Methylated Seed Oil Urea Ammonia Nitrate Weed Control Yield Zea mays L

Influence of Adjuvants on the Control of Glyphosate-Resistant Canada Fleabane and Waterhemp in Corn with Tolpyralate

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American journal of Plant Sciences 2020年第3期11卷 354-371页

作者： Nicole M. Langdon Nader Soltani Alan j. Raedar David C. Hooker darren E. Robinson Peter H. Sikkema University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus Ridgetown Canada

Tolpyralate is a new benzoylpyrazole herbicide for weed management in corn. It is recommended to be co-applied with atrazine along with the adjuvants methylated seed oil concentrate (MSO) plus an ammonium nitrogen fertilizer, such as urea ammonium nitrate (UAN). Two studies were conducted on glyphosate-resistant (GR) Canada fleabane and GR waterhemp to determine if an additional adjuvant is still required when tolpyralate plus atrazine are tankmixed with a commercial glyphosate formulation (Roundup WeatherMAX®) in corn. Trials were conducted over a two-year period (2018-19) on farms in south western Ontario with confirmed GR populations. When co-applied with Roundup WeatherMAX®, the addition of MSO to tolpyralate + atrazine increased control of GR waterhemp 9%;however, there was no increase in GR Canada fleabane control from the addition of additional adjuvants. At 8 WAA, all treatments provided > 91% and > 84% control of GR waterhemp and GR Canada fleabane, respectively. This study concludes that the addition of Roundup WeatherMAX®to tolpyralate plus atrazine improves the control of GR waterhemp and GR Canada fleabane in corn.

关键词： Biomass Crop Injury Density Sensitivity Weed Control Yield Amaranthus tuberculatus Conyza canadensis L. Cronq

Glyphosate-Resistant Giant Ragweed(Ambrosia trifida L.)in Ontario:Dose Response and Control with Postemergence Herbicides

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American journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第5期3卷 608-617页

作者： joseph P.Vink Nader Soltani darren E.Robinson Francois j.Tardif Mark B.Lawton Peter H.Sikkema University of Guelph Ridgetown CampusRidgetownCanada University of Guelph GuelphCanada Monsanto Canada GuelphCanada

Giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.) is competitive with agronomic crops and can cause significant yield losses. Rapid adoption of glyphosate-resistant (GR) crops and a concomitant increase in the reliance on glyphosate for weed management has led to the evolution of GR giant ragweed in Ontario, Canada. Field studies were conducted to evaluate the level of resistance in giant ragweed biotypes from Ontario, and to evaluate the effectiveness of various postemer-gence (POST) herbicides in soybean (Glycine max L.). The effective dose (ED) to provide 50%, 80% and 95% giant ragweed control was up to 1658, 9991 and >43200 g?a.e.?ha–1 4 weeks after application (WAA), respectively. For effective control, growers would need to apply glyphosate 18 times greater than the recommended field application dose. Glyphosate applied at the recommended field dose of 900 g?a.e.?ha–1 provided up to 57% control and resulted in soybean yield equivalent to the weedy check. Cloransulam-methyl applied POST provided up to 99% control, reduced giant ragweed density 98%, reduced giant ragweed shoot dry weight 99% and resulted in soybean yield equivalent to the weedfree check. Chlorimuron-ethyl, fomesafen, imazethapyr and imazethapyr plus bentazon applied alone or with glyphosate did not provide adequate control of GR giant ragweed. Based on these results, some GR giant ragweed biotypes from Ontario have evolved a high level of resistance to glyphosate. Cloransulam-methyl applied POST was the only herbicide that provided adequate control and suggests that additional weed management tactics will need to be implemented in order to effectively manage GR giant ragweed.

关键词： Bentazon Chlorimuron-Ethyl Cloransulam-Methyl Fomesafen Glyphosate-Resistant Crops Herbicide-Resistant Weeds Imazethapyr Soybean

二维分离在一日内实现:二维凝胶电泳工作流程在五小时内完成

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生命科学仪器 2010年第5期8卷 22-25页

作者： Gary B. SMEjKAL darren j. BAUER the Hubbard Center for Genome Studies University of New Hampshire Durham NH 03824 U.S.A.

介绍了一种微处理器控制等电聚焦(IEF) Hoefer IEF100系统,其能够施加12 000 V电压,使得蛋白质的二维电泳(2DE)的第一维能够在3 h内完成。当其在Hoefer SE260小型垂直电泳槽中与作为第二维的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)联用时,那么整个二... 详细信息

介绍了一种微处理器控制等电聚焦(IEF) Hoefer IEF100系统,其能够施加12 000 V电压,使得蛋白质的二维电泳(2DE)的第一维能够在3 h内完成。当其在Hoefer SE260小型垂直电泳槽中与作为第二维的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)联用时,那么整个二维的工作流程能够在5 h内完成。

关键词：二维凝胶电泳工作流程二维分离聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳小时微处理器控制等电聚焦二维电泳

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利用双电极装置提高等电聚焦通量

生命科学仪器 2011年第6期9卷 28-29页

作者： Gary B.SMEjKAL darren j.BAUER the Hubbard Center for Genome Studies University of New Hampshire

在最大电压12 000 V下操作,蛋白质在固定pH梯度(IPGs)上的等电聚集(IEF)可以在3 h内完成。采用改装的电极装置,将两电极对通过线路并联,可使IEF的通量加倍。、与常规的单电极对相比,成对的IPGs的电压梯度几乎一致,并在大致两倍的电流下... 详细信息

在最大电压12 000 V下操作,蛋白质在固定pH梯度(IPGs)上的等电聚集(IEF)可以在3 h内完成。采用改装的电极装置,将两电极对通过线路并联,可使IEF的通量加倍。、与常规的单电极对相比,成对的IPGs的电压梯度几乎一致,并在大致两倍的电流下运行,IEF可在大致相同的时间内完成。

关键词：双电极等电聚焦通量装置利用电压梯度 pH梯度电极对