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Checkpoint Inhibition in the Treatment of Unresectable,Advanced Lymphoepithelioma-like Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2021年第2期9卷 265-268页

作者： David J.Hermel Emma Z.Du Ray Lin Catherine T.Frenette darren S.Sigal Division of Hematology and Oncology Scripps Clinic and Scripps MD Anderson Cancer CenterLa JollaCAUSA Division of Pathology Scripps Clinic and Scripps MD Anderson Cancer CenterLa JollaCAUSA Division of Radiation Oncology Scripps Clinic and Scripps MD Anderson Cancer CenterLa JollaCAUSA Division of Gastroenterology Scripps Clinic and Scripps MD Anderson Cancer CenterLa JollaCAUSA

Lymphoepithelioma-like hepatocellular carcinoma(LELHCC)is a very rare neoplasm,with distinct epidemiologic,morphologic and clinical *** mechanistic insight into the pathogenesis of this carcinoma suggests a pivotal role for the host immune system in the proliferation and progression of this ***,while detailed genomic profiling of these hepatic tumors have revealed an intra-tumoral inflammatory mutational signature that may predispose to immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy,no published report has described their use in this tumor ***,with near 100 cases of LEL-HCC reported in the literature to date and the majority of cases confined to localized and resectable disease,current evidencebased practices in the unresectable setting are lacking,with unknown benefit of chemotherapy or *** report on the case of a 68 year-old man with unresectable,advanced LEL-HCC who had evidence of disease stability after starting on the immune checkpoint inhibitor *** disease response persisted off therapy for over a year and was potentially augmented by radiotherapy at the site of local *** this extremely rare tumor subtype,this case highlights the potential efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint blockade in LEL-HCC and reinforces the need for more robust,large-scale analysis of patients with these rare tumors to better evaluate treatment strategies and outcomes.

关键词： Immune checkpoint inhibitor Lymphoepithelioma-like hepatocellular carcinoma Stereotactic body radiation therapy Immunotherapy LEL-HCC

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Effect of body mass index on functional outcome in primary total knee arthroplasty——a single institution analysis of 2180 primary total knee replacements

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2016年第10期7卷 664-669页

作者： Shane C O'Neill Joseph S Butler Adam Daly darren F Lui Patrick Kenny Department of Orthopaedics Cappagh National Orthopaedic Hospital

AIM To evaluate the effect of body mass index(BMI) on short-term functional outcome and complications in primary total knee arthroplasty. METHODS All patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty at a single institution between 2007 and 2013 were identified from a prospective arthroplasty database. 2180 patients were included in the study. Age, gender, BMI, pre- and post-operative functional scores [Western Ontario and Mc Master University Arthritis Index(WOMAC) and SF-36], complications and revision rate were recorded. Patients were grouped according to the WHO BMI classification. The functional outcome of the normal weight cohort(BMI mary total knee replacements were included. 64.36%(1403) were female. The mean BMI was 31.86(18-52). Ninty-three percent of patients were either overweight or obese. Mean follow-up 19.33 mo(6-60 mo). There was no significant difference in pre or post-operative WOMAC score in the normal weight(BMI 0.05). Sub-group analysis revealed significantly worse WOMAC scores in class 2 obese 30.80 compared to overweight 25.80(P 25. Patients should not be denied total knee arthroplasty based solely on weight alone.

关键词： Total knee replacement Body mass index Total knee arthroplasty

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Testosterone therapy reduces hepatic steatosis in men with type 2 diabetes and low serum testosterone concentrations

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第4期14卷 754-765页

作者： Ross Apostolov Emily Gianatti darren Wong Numan Kutaiba Paul Gow Mathis Grossmann marie Sinclair Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Transplant Unit Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VICAustralia Department of Medicine University of MelbourneParkville 3010VICAustralia Department of Endocrinology Fiona Stanley HospitalMurdoch 6150WAAustralia Department of Radiology Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VICAustralia Department of Endocrinology Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VICAustralia

BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is highly prevalent in people with diabetes with no available *** To explore the effect of testosterone treatment on *** therapy improves insulin resistance and reduces total body fat,but its impact on the liver remains poorly *** This secondary analysis of a 40 wk,randomised,double-blinded,placebocontrolled trial of intramuscular testosterone undecanoate in men with type 2 diabetes and lowered serum testosterone concentrations evaluated the change in hepatic steatosis as measured by liver fat fraction on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).RESULTS Of 88 patients enrolled in the index study,39 had liver MRIs of whom 20 received testosterone therapy and 19 received *** patients had>5%hepatic steatosis at baseline and 38 of 39 patients met diagnostic criteria for *** liver fat at baseline was 15.0%(IQR 11.5%-21.1%)in the testosterone and 18.4%(15.0%-28.9%)in the placebo *** ALT was 34units/L(26-38)in the testosterone and 32units/L(25-52)in the placebo *** week 40,patients receiving testosterone had a median reduction in absolute liver fat of 3.5%(IQR 2.9%-6.4%)compared with an increase of 1.2%in the placebo arm(between-group difference 4.7%P<0.001).After controlling for baseline liver fat,testosterone therapy was associated with a relative reduction in liver fat of 38.3%(95%confidence interval 25.4%-49.0%,P<0.001).CONCLUSION Testosterone therapy was associated with a reduction in hepatic steatosis in men with diabetes and low serum *** randomised studies of testosterone therapy in men with NAFLD focusing on liver-related endpoints are therefore justified.

关键词： Hepatic steatosis Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Testosterone therapy Testosterone undecanoate Type 2 diabetes

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Diversity,endemism and conservation of the freshwater crabs of China(Brachyura:Potamidae and Gecarcinucidae)

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Integrative Zoology 2011年第1期6卷 45-55页

作者： Neil CUMBERLIDGE Peter K.L.NG darren C.J.YEO Tohru NARUSE Kirstin S.MEYER Lara J.ESSER Department of Biology Northern Michigan UniversityMarquetteMichiganUSA Department of Biological Sciences National University of SingaporeSingapore University of the Ryukyus NishiharaOkinawaJapan Imperial College University of LondonLondonUK

China lies at the heart of the global center of freshwater crab diversity in tropical Asia,where the 2 most diverse families occur:Potamidae(505 species,95 genera)and Gecarcinucidae(344 species,59 genera).China stands out as the country with the highest species richness of freshwater crabs *** fauna comprises 243 species in 37 genera and in 2 families,and species discovery is still progressing at a rapid *** vast majority of the species are distributed in southwest,south central and eastern China in the Oriental zoogeographical *** also stands out as having a highly endemic freshwater crab fauna at the species level(96%)and at the genus level(78%).Although the recent International Union for the Conservation of Nature(IUCN)red list conservation assessment found only 6 out of 228 species(2%)to be threatened(5 potamids and 1 gecarcinucid),the majority(more than 75%)of Chinese species are regarded as data deficient,so the number of threatened species is likely to be a serious *** from increasing habitat destruction and pollution are a major concern due to the rapidly growing economy and massive developments taking place in *** is therefore an urgent need for increased species exploration and for the development of a conservation strategy for China’s threatened(and potentially threatened)endemic freshwater crab species.

关键词： China conservation distribution endemism Potamoidea

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Risk of cardiovascular thrombotic events after surgical castration versus gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists in Chinese men with prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第3期17卷 493-496页

作者： Jeremy YC Teoh Samson YS Chan Peter KF Chiu darren MC Poon Ho-Yuen Cheung Simon SM Hou Chi-Fai Ng Department of Surgery Division of Urology Prince of Wales Hospital The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong China Department of Clinical Oncology Prince of Wales Hospital The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong China Department of Surgery Division of Urology North District Hospital Hong Kong China

We investigated the cardiovascular thrombotic risk after surgical castration （SC） versus genadotmpin-releasing hormone agonists （GnRHa） in Chinese men with prostate cancer. All Chinese prostate cancer patients who were treated with SC or GnRHa from year 2000 to 2009 were reviewed and compared. The primary outcome was any new-onset of cardiovascular thrombotic events after SC or GnRHa, which was defined as any event of acute myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke. The risk of new-onset cardiovascular thrombotic event was compared between the SC group and the GnRHa group using Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to adjust for other potential confounding factors. A total of 684 Chinese patients was included in our study, including 387 patients in the SC group and 297 patients in the GnRHa group. The mean age in the SC group （75.3 ~ 7.5 years） was significantly higher than the GnRHa group （71.8 ~ 8.3 years）（P 〈 0.001）. There was increased risk of new cardiovascular thrombotic events in the SC group when compared to the GnRHa group upon Kaplan-Meier analysis （P= 0.014）. Upon multivariate Cox regression analysis, age （hazard ratio [HR] 1.072, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.11, P 〈 0.001）, hyperlipidemia （HR 2.455, 95% Cl 1.53-3.93, P 〈 0.001）, and SC （HR 1.648, 95% CI 1.05-2.59, P = 0.031） were significant risk factors of cardiovascular thrombotic events. In conclusion, SC was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular thrombotic events when compared to GnRHa. This is an important aspect to consider while deciding on the method of androgen deprivation therapy, especially in elderly men with known history of hyperlipidemia.

关键词： androgen deprivation therapy Chinese population cardiovascular events myocardial infarction prostate cancer stroke

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Scoring of sperm chromosomal abnormalities by manual and automated approaches：qualitative and quantitative comparisons

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第2期12卷 257-262页

作者： Helen G. Tempest Siu Yan Cheng David J. Gillott Alan H. Handyside Alan R. Thomhill darren K. Griffin London Bridge Fertility Gynaecology and Genetics Centre London SEI 9RY UK Bridge Genoma London SE1 9RY UK Department of Biosciences University of Kent Canterbury Kent CT2 7N J UK

It is now well known that levels of sperm disomy correlate to levels of infertility （as well as other factors）.The risk of perpetuating aneuploidy to the offspring of infertile males undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） has become a hotly debated issue in assisted reproduction;however,there remain barriers to the practical implementation of offering sperm disomy screening in a clinical setting. The major barrier is the operator time taken to analyze a statistically meaningful （sufficient） number of cells. The introduction of automated ＇spot counting＇software-hardware combinations presents a potential solution to this problem. In this preliminary validation study,we analyzed 10 patients,both manually and using a commercially available spot counter. Results show a statistically significant correlation between both approaches for scoring of sperm disomy,but no correlation is found when scoring for diploid sperm. The most likely explanation for the latter is an apparent overscoring of two closely associated sperm heads as a single diploid cell. These results,and similar further studies that will ensue,help to inform cost-benefit analyses that individual clinics need to carry out in order to decide whether to adopt sperm aneuploidy screening as a routine tool for the assessment of sperm from men requiring ICSI treatment.

关键词： aneuploidy assisted reproductive technologies automation fluorescent in situ hybridization methods scoring spermatozoa

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Root-Specific Transcript Profiling of Contrasting Rice Genotypes in Response to Salinity Stress

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Molecular Plant 2011年第1期4卷 25-41页

作者： Olivier Cotsaftis darren Plett Alexander A.T. Johnson Harkamal Walia Clyde Wilson Abdelbagi M. Ismail Timothy J. Close mark Tester Ute Baumann Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics Private Mail Bag 1 Glen Osmond SA 5064 Australia Present address: School of Botany University of Melbourne Parkville Vic 3010 Australia Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA Present address: Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska Lincoln NE 68588 USA United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service George E. Brown Jr Salinity Laboratory Riverside CA 92507 USA International Rice Research Institute Manila The Philippines

Elevated salinity imposes osmotic and ion toxicity stresses on living cells and requires a multitude of responses in order to enable plant survival. Building on earlier work profiling transcript levels in rice （Oryza sativa） shoots of FL478, a salt-tolerant indica recombinant inbred line, and IR29, a salt-sensitive cultivar, transcript levels were compared in roots of these two accessions as well as in the roots of two additional salt-tolerant indica genotypes, the landrace Pokkali and the recombinant inbred line IR63731. The aim of this study was to compare transcripts in the sensitive and the tolerant lines in order to identify genes likely to be involved in plant salinity tolerance, rather than in responses to salinity perse. Transcript profiles of several gene families with known links to salinity tolerance are described （e.g. HKTs, NHXs）. The putative function of a set of genes identified through their salt responsiveness, transcript levels, and/or chro- mosomal location （i.e. underneath QTLs for salinity tolerance） is also discussed. Finally, the parental origin of the Saltol region in FL478 is further investigated. Overall, the dataset presented appears to be robust and it seems likely that this system could provide a reliable strategy for the discovery of novel genes involved in salinity tolerance.

关键词： Rice root salinity tolerance microarray HKT Saltol.

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3ds Max经典教程高级篇 4

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2011年

作者： (美)[D. 布洛克] darren Brooker

本书从最简单的灯光基础开始, 循序渐进, 逐步剖析灯光高级技巧,包括光线追踪技术、MentalRay渲染和合成等内容。通过本书你不仅可以了解光学理论基础、CG灯光历史、理解阴影等知识,还可以通过学习基本灯光技术、高级灯光技巧、专用灯... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9787115243867

本书从最简单的灯光基础开始, 循序渐进, 逐步剖析灯光高级技巧,包括光线追踪技术、MentalRay渲染和合成等内容。通过本书你不仅可以了解光学理论基础、CG灯光历史、理解阴影等知识,还可以通过学习基本灯光技术、高级灯光技巧、专用灯光技术、灯光匹配特性、灯光和光学镜头效果等来验证这些原理。

关键词：三维动画软件

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A Spatial Analysis of Irrigation Technology

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Natural Resources 2013年第4期4卷 307-318页

作者： Andrew Wright darren Hudson maria Mutuc Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics Texas Tech University Lubbock USA

The nature of spatial spillovers in the adoption of irrigation technology is examined in this paper. Adopting a new technology is a decision that is based on economic and individual-specific factors. One of these individual factors might be communication with other users. It makes sense to expect that contact between users and non-users would follow a spatial pattern, and if knowledge spillovers are important to the adoption decision then resource managers need to be aware of their existence. Using counties in the Texas High Plains as the study area, the adoption of center pivot technology is examined using both Ordinary Least Squares and spatial regression models to determine if knowledge spillovers exist. Ultimately, no evidence was found that adoption practices in a county affects its neighbors;however, geographic location does matter to who adopts and when.

关键词： Technology Adoption Water Irrigation Natural Resources

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巴比伦空中花园

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疯狂英语（初中天地） 2006年第11期 50-53页

作者： Lee Krystek darren

在旅游者眼中,巴比伦古城无疑是一个奇迹。希罗多德曾说过:“除了它的规模之外,巴比伦的宏伟壮丽也胜过世上任何一个城市。”希罗多德声称其外城墙有56英里(90公里)长,80英尺(24米)厚。

关键词：巴比伦城巴比伦空中花园科尔德威尼布甲尼撒二世狄奥多罗斯希罗多德

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