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Size-dependent Gold Nanoparticle Interaction at Nano–Micro Interface Using both Monolayer and Multilayer(Tissue-Like) Cell Models

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Nano-Micro Letters 2016年第1期8卷 44-53页

作者： darren Yohan Charmainne Cruje Xiaofeng Lu devika b.Chithrani department of Physics Ryerson University Keenan Research Centre Li Ka Shing Knowledge InstituteSt. Michael’s Hospital

Gold nanoparticles(GNPs) are emerging as a novel tool to improve existing cancer therapeutics. GNPs are being used as radiation dose enhancers in radiation therapy as well as anticancer drugs carriers in chemotherapy. However,the success of GNP-based therapeutics depends on their ability to penetrate tumor tissue. GNPs of 20 and 50 nm diameters were used to elucidate the effects of size on the GNP interaction with tumor cells at monolayer and multilayer level. At monolayer cell level, smaller NPs had a lower uptake compared to larger NPs at monolayer cell level. However, the order was reversed at tissue-like multilayer level. The smaller NPs penetrated better compared to larger NPs in tissue-like *** on our study using tissue-like materials, we can predict that the smaller NPs are better for future therapeutics due to their greater penetration in tumor tissue once leaving the leaky blood vessels. In this study, tissue-like multilayer cellular structures(MLCs) were grown to model the post-vascular tumor environment. The MLCs exhibited a much more extensive extracellular matrix than monolayer cell cultures. The MLC model can be used to optimize the nano–micro interface at tissue level before moving into animal models. This would accelerate the use of NPs in future cancer therapeutics.

关键词： Gold nanoparticles Multilayer cellular structures Tissue penetration Hyper spectral imaging Size dependence

Ultra‑Transparent and Multifunctional IZVO Mesh Electrodes for Next‑Generation Flexible Optoelectronics

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 293-309页

作者： Kiran A.Nirmal Tukaram d.dongale Atul C.Khot Chenjie Yao Nahyun Kim Tae Geun Kim School of Electrical Engineering Korea UniversityAnam‑ro 145Seongbuk‑guSeoulRepublic of Korea Computational Electronics and Nanoscience Research Laboratory School of Nanoscience and BiotechnologyShivaji UniversityKolhapur 416004India

Mechanically durable transparent electrodes are essential for achieving long-term stability in flexible optoelectronic ***,they are crucial for applications in the fields of energy,display,healthcare,and soft *** meshes represent a promising alternative to traditional,brittle,metal oxide conductors due to their high electrical conductivity,optical transparency,and enhanced mechanical *** this paper,we present a simple method for fabricating an ultra-transparent conducting metal oxide mesh electrode using selfcracking-assisted *** this method,we produced an electrode with ultra-transparency(97.39%),high conductance(Rs=21.24Ωsq^(−1)),elevated work function(5.16 eV),and good mechanical *** also evaluated the effectiveness of the fabricated electrodes by integrating them into organic photovoltaics,organic light-emitting diodes,and flexible transparent memristor devices for neuromorphic computing,resulting in exceptional device *** addition,the unique porous structure of the vanadium-doped indium zinc oxide mesh electrodes provided excellent flexibility,rendering them a promising option for application in flexible optoelectronics.

关键词： Self-cracking template Vanadium-doped indium zinc oxide mesh Organic solar cells Organic light-emitting diodes Flexible transparent memory

Rethinking the solar flare paradigm

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Plasma Science and Technology 2018年第7期20卷 15-21页

作者： d b melrose SIfA School of PhysicsThe University of SydneyNSW 2006Australi

It is widely accepted that solar flares involve release of magnetic energy stored in the solar corona above an active region, but existing models do not include the explicitly time-dependent electrodynamics needed to describe such energy release. A flare paradigm is discussed that includes the electromotive force （EMF） as the driver of the flare, and the flare-associated current that links different regions where magnetic reconnection, electron acceleration, the acceleration of mass motions and current closure occur. The EMF becomes localized across regions where energy conversion occurs, and is involved in energy propagation between these regions.

关键词： solar flares electrodynamics time-dependence

Machine learning empowers efficient design of ternary organic solar cells with PM6 donor

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 337-347页

作者： Kiran A.Nirmal Tukaram d.dongale Santosh S.Sutar Atul C.Khot Tae Geun Kim School of Electrical Engineering Korea University Computational Electronics and Nanoscience Research Laboratory School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology Shivaji University Yashwantrao Chavan School of Rural development Shivaji University

Organic solar cells(OSCs) hold great potential as a photovoltaic technology for practical ***, the traditional experimental trial-and-error method for designing and engineering OSCs can be complex, expensive, and time-consuming. Machine learning(ML) techniques enable the proficient extraction of information from datasets, allowing the development of realistic models that are capable of predicting the efficacy of materials with commendable accuracy. The PM6 donor has great potential for high-performance OSCs. However, it is crucial for the rational design of a ternary blend to accurately forecast the power conversion efficiency(PCE) of ternary OSCs(TOSCs) based on a PM6 ***, we collected the device parameters of PM6-based TOSCs and evaluated the feature importance of their molecule descriptors to develop predictive models. In this study, we used five different ML algorithms for analysis and prediction. For the analysis, the classification and regression tree provided different rules, heuristics, and patterns from the heterogeneous dataset. The random forest algorithm outperforms other prediction ML algorithms in predicting the output performance of PM6-based TOSCs. Finally, we validated the ML outcomes by fabricating PM6-based TOSCs. Our study presents a rapid strategy for assessing a high PCE while elucidating the substantial influence of diverse descriptors.

关键词： Random forests

Advancements in Liver Tumor detection:A Comprehensive Review of Various deep Learning Models

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 91-122页

作者： Shanmugasundaram Hariharan d.Anandan Murugaperumal Krishnamoorthy Vinay Kukreja Nitin Goyal Shih-Yu Chen deptartment of Artificial Intelligence and data Science Vardhaman College of EngineeringHyderabad501218India deptartment of CSE V.S.B College of EngineeringKarur639111India deptartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Vardhaman College of EngineeringHyderabad501218India Centre for Research Impact&Outcome Chitkara UniversityRajpura140401PunjabIndia department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Engineering and TechnologyCentral University of HaryanaMahendergarh123031HaryanaIndia department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Yunlin University of Science and TechnologyYunlin64002Taiwan Intelligence Recognition Industry Service Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and TechnologyYunlin64002Taiwan

Liver cancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide,and precise diagnostic tools are essential for effective treatment *** Tumors(LTs)vary significantly in size,shape,and location,and can present with tissues of similar intensities,making automatically segmenting and classifying LTs from abdominal tomography images crucial and *** review examines recent advancements in Liver Segmentation(LS)and Tumor Segmentation(TS)algorithms,highlighting their strengths and limitations regarding precision,automation,and *** metrics are utilized to assess key detection algorithms and analytical methods,emphasizing their effectiveness and relevance in clinical *** review also addresses ongoing challenges in liver tumor segmentation and identification,such as managing high variability in patient data and ensuring robustness across different imaging *** suggests directions for future research,with insights into technological advancements that can enhance surgical planning and diagnostic accuracy by comparing popular *** paper contributes to a comprehensive understanding of current liver tumor detection techniques,provides a roadmap for future innovations,and improves diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes for liver cancer by integrating recent progress with remaining challenges.

关键词： Liver tumor detection liver tumor segmentation image processing liver tumor diagnosis feature extraction tumor classification deep learning machine learning

A near infrared spectroscopy calibration for the prediction of fresh grass quality on Irish pastures

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2022年第2期9卷 243-253页

作者： darren J.Murphy bernadette O’brien Michael O’donovan Tomas Condon Michael d.Murphy Teagasc Animal&Grassland Research and Innovation CentreMooreparkFermoyCo.CorkIreland department of Process Energy and Transport EngineeringMunster Technological UniversityCorkIreland

The aim of this study was to develop near infrared spectroscopy(NIRS)calibrations to predict quality parameters,dry matter(dM,g kg1)and crude protein(CP,g kg1 dM),in fresh un-dried *** of these parameters would enable more precise allocation of quality herbage to grazing *** ryegrass samples(n=1615)were collected over the 2017 and 2018 grazing seasons at Teagasc Moorepark to develop a NIRS calibration *** samples were collected for an independent validation dataset(n=197)during the 2019 grazing *** were scanned using a FOSS 6500 spectrometer at 2 nm intervals in the range of 1100~2500 nm and absorption was recorded as log 1/Reflec*** wet chemistry analysis was carried out for both parameters and the resultant data were calibrated against spectral data by means of modified partial least squares regression.A range of mathematical spectral treatments were examined for each calibration,which were ranked in order of standard error of prediction(SEP)and ratio of percent deviation(RPd).best performing calibrations achieved high predictive precision for dM(R2=0.86 SEP=9.46 g kg1,RPd=2.60)and moderate precision for CP(R2=0.84 SEP=20.38 g kg1 dM,RPd=2.37).These calibrations will aid the optimisation of grassland management and the development of precision agricultural technologies.

关键词： Near infrared spectroscopy Fresh grass analysis Grassland management Grass quality Precision agriculture

biodiversity and interactions of acidophiles:Key to understanding and optimizing microbial processing of ores and concentrates

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2008年第6期18卷 1367-1373页

作者： d.b.JOHNSON School of biological Sciences Bangor University

采矿公司为从低档矿石恢复贱、宝贵的金属，并且为重新调停变得逐渐地知道 microbiological 途径的潜力从操作和放弃的矿地点排干的酸的、充满金属的废水。生物系统出现很多环境并且(有时) 超越常规途径的节俭的优点尽管他们的申请是，... 详细信息

采矿公司为从低档矿石恢复贱、宝贵的金属，并且为重新调停变得逐渐地知道 microbiological 途径的潜力从操作和放弃的矿地点排干的酸的、充满金属的废水。生物系统出现很多环境并且(有时) 超越常规途径的节俭的优点尽管他们的申请是，例如热冶学，别处于每种状况拨出。矿物质用微生物处理为提取黄金，铜，铀和钴被利用了，并且当前的开发正在指向另外的贱金属。最近，我们 biomining 环境，并且微生物怎么与对方一起交往的微生物学的差异的知识和理解有大增加。从模仿了搅动的坦克和堆生物反应器系统的实验室实验的结果证明了微生物引起的协会比氧化矿物质的 acidophiles 的纯文化更柔韧，并且也趋于在 bioleaching 和氧化简历的矿石更有效并且专注。纸论述了性质的简明评论和涉及硫化物矿物质的氧化的微生物引起的协会的相互作用，并且这些怎么可能被改编在 biomining 操作遇见未来挑战。

关键词：嗜酸细胞生物采矿生物多样性微生物加工

Computer-animated stimuli to measure motionsensitivity： constraints on signal design in theJacky dragon

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Current Zoology 2017年第1期63卷 75-84页

作者： Kevin L. Woo Guillaume RIEUCAU darren bURKE SUNY Empire State College Metropolitan Center 325 Hudson Street New York NY 10013-1005 USA department of biological Sciences Florida International University 3000 Northeast 151 St North Miami FL 33181 USA School of Psychology University of Newcastle 10 Chittaway Road Ourimbah New South Wales 2258Australia

Identifying perceptual thresholds is critical for understanding the mechanisms that underlie signalevolution. Using computer-animated stimuli, we examined visual speed sensitivity in the Jackydragon Amphibolurus muricatus, a species that makes extensive use of rapid motor patterns in so-cial communication. First, focal lizards were tested in discrimination trials using random-dot kine-matograms displaying combinations of speed, coherence, and direction. Second, we measuredsubject lizards＇ ability to predict the appearance of a secondary reinforcer （1 of 3 differentcomputer-generated animations of invertebrates： cricket, spider, and mite） based on the directionof movement of a field of drifting dots by following a set of behavioural responses （e.g., orientingresponse, latency to respond） to our virtual stimuli. We found an effect of both speed and coher-ence, as well as an interaction between these 2 factors on the perception of moving ***, our results showed that Jacky dragons have acute sensitivity to high speeds. We then em-ployed an optic flow analysis to match the performance to ecologically relevant motion. Our resultssuggest that the Jacky dragon visual system may have been shaped to detect fast motion. Thispre-existing sensitivity may have constrained the evolution of conspecific displays. In contrast,Jacky dragons may have difficulty in detecting the movement of ambush predators, such as snakesand of some invertebrate prey. Our study also demonstrates the potential of the computer-animated stimuli technique for conducting nonintrusive tests to explore motion range and sensitiv-ity in a visually mediated species.

关键词： Amphibolurus muricatus, Jacky dragon, motion sensitivity, random-dot kinematograms, signal evolution, virtualstimuli.

Large-diameter trees, snags, and deadwood in southern Utah, USA

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 130-141页

作者： James A.Lutz Soren Struckman Tucker J.Furniss Joseph d.birch Larissa *** darren J.McAvoy department of Wildland Resources S.J.and Jessie E.Quinney College of Natural ResourcesUtah State University5230 Old Main HillLoganUT 84322-5230USA. department of Renewable Resources University of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada.

background:The epidemic dendroctonus rufipennis(spruce beetle)outbreak in the subalpine forests of the Colorado Plateau in the 1990s killed most larger Picea engelmannii(Engelmann spruce)*** quarter century later,the larger snags are beginning to fall,transitioning to deadwood(down woody debris)where they may influence fire behavior,regeneration,and habitat ***:We tracked all fallen trees≥1 cm in diameter at breast height(1.37-m high)and mapped all pieces of deadwood≥10-cm diameter and≥1 m in length within 13.64 ha of a high-elevation mixed-species forest in the Picea–Abies zone annually for 5 years from 2015 through *** examined the relative contribution of Picea engelmannii to snag and deadwood pools relative to other species and the relative contributions of large-diameter trees(≥33.2 cm at this subalpine site).We compared spatially explicit mapping of deadwood to traditional measures of surface fuels and introduce a new method for approximating vertical distribution of ***:In this mixed-species forest,there was relatively high density and basal area of live Picea engelmannii 20 years after the beetle outbreak(36 trees ha^(−1) and 1.94 m^(2) ha^(−1)≥10-cm diameter)contrasting with the near total mortality of mature Picea in forests *** from tree boles≥10-cm diameter on the ground had biomass of 42 Mg ha^(−1),7 Mg ha^(−1) of Picea engelmannii,and 35 Mg ha^(−1) of other *** live aboveground biomass was 119 Mg ha^(−1),while snag biomass was 36 Mg ha^(−1).Mean total fuel loading measured with planar transects was 63 Mg ha^(−1) but varied more than three orders of magnitude(0.1 to 257 Mg ha^(−1)).Planar transects recorded 32 Mg ha^(−1) of wood≥7.62-cm diameter compared to the 42 Mg ha^(−1) of wood≥10-cm diameter recorded by explicit *** pieces of deadwood were often stacked,forming a vertical structure likely to contribute to active fire ***:bark beetle mortality in the 1990s has made

关键词： Cedar breaks National Monument dendroctonus rufipennis Utah Forest dynamics Plot Vertical fuel structure