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Tuning gelatin-based hydrogel towards bioadhesive ocular tissue engineering applications

Bioactive Materials 2021年第11期6卷 3947-3961页

作者： Sina Sharifi Mohammad Mirazul Islam Hannah Sharifi Rakibul Islam darrell koza Felisa Reyes-Ortega David Alba-Molina Per H.Nilsson Claes H.Dohlman Tom Eirik Mollnes James Chodosh Miguel Gonzalez-Andrades Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute Department of OphthalmologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Immunology Oslo University HospitalRikshospitaletUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Physical Sciences Eastern Connecticut State UniversityWillimanticCTUSA Linnaeus Center for Biomaterials Chemistry Linnaeus UniversityKalmarSweden Research Laboratory Nordland HospitalBodøNorway Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba(IMIBIC) Department of OphthalmologyReina Sofia University Hospital and University of CordobaCordobaSpain Faculty of Health Sciences K.G.Jebsen TRECUniversity of TromsøNorway

Gelatin based adhesives have been used in the last decades in different biomedical applications due to the excellent biocompatibility,easy processability,transparency,non-toxicity,and reasonable mechanical properties to mimic the extracellular matrix(ECM).Gelatin adhesives can be easily tuned to gain different viscoelastic and mechanical properties that facilitate its ocular *** herein grafted glycidyl methacrylate on the gelatin backbone with a simple chemical modification of the precursor,utilizing epoxide ring-opening reactions and visible *** chemical modification allows the obtaining of an elastic protein-based hydrogel(GELGYM)with excellent biomimetic properties,approaching those of the native *** can be modulated to be stretched up to 4 times its initial length and withstand high tensile stresses up to 1.95 MPa with compressive strains as high as 80%compared to Gelatin-methacryloyl(GeIMA),the most studied derivative of gelatin used as a *** is also highly biocompatible and supports cellular adhesion,proliferation,and migration in both 2 and 3-dimensional *** characteristics along with its super adhesion to biological tissues such as cornea,aorta,heart,muscle,kidney,liver,and spleen suggest widespread applications of this hydrogel in many biomedical areas such as transplantation,tissue adhesive,wound dressing,bioprinting,and drug and cell delivery.

关键词： Natural-based hydrogel Gelatin Biocompatible Biomimetic Bioadhesive Cornea

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Glutathione precursors shield the brain from trauma

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第10期14卷 1701-1702页

作者： Lilia koza Daniel A. Linseman Department of Biological Sciences University of DenverDenverCOUSA Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging University of DenverDenverCOUSA

In the United States, approximately one-third of all injury-related deaths are due to traumatic brain injury (TBI). Anyone is at risk for TBI;however, the risk is higher for athletes in contact sports, military personnel, children, and the elderly. TBI is characterized by a mild, moderate, or severe mechanical force to the head which can be further classified as blast, blunt, or ballistic. The sheer mechanical force of the impact to the head results in the primary injury including diffuse axonal injury, internal bleeding, swelling, and neuronal cell death. Secondary injury occurs over time, often weeks to months post-TBI, and is characterized by neuroinflammation, blood-brain-barrier disruption, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuronal apoptosis, and other deleterious effects in the brain (Khatri et al., 2018). Recent research indicates that secondary injury from TBI may be considered a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases occurring later in life, such as Alzheimer’s disease and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. A key molecular mechanism that contributes to secondary injury after TBI is free radical damage which is induced by the aberrant production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS).

关键词： In the United States approximately one-third reactive nitrogen species

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Biologics:how far can they go in Crohn’s disease?

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Gastroenterology Report 2022年第1期10卷 155-170页

作者： Katie A.Dunleavy darrell S.Pardi Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA

Crohn’s disease is a chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory disorder,characterized by episodes of relapsing and remitting *** the disease mechanism becomes better elucidated,there is a significant increase in the number of available biologic *** article summarizes and synthesizes current Food and Drug Administration-approved biological therapy for Crohn’s disease and examines the positioning of medical therapy as emerging biologics break onto the market.

关键词： Crohn’s disease medical treatment biologics anti-TNFs anti-integrins anti-interleukins JAK inhibitors S1Pinhibitors

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Primary epithelial tumours of the appendix in a black population:A review of cases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第12期15卷 1472-1474页

作者： Rondell Patrell darrell Graham Nadia Patricia Williams Kamille Aisha West Department of Pathology University Hospital of the West Indies MonaKingston 7JamaicaWest Indies

AIM： To determine the and clinical features of prevalence, histologic types primary epithelial tumours of the vermiform appendix in a predominantly black population.METHODS： All cases of primary tumours of the appendix identified by review of the histopathology records at the University of the West Indies between January 1987 and June 2007 were selected. Relevant pathologic and clinical data were extracted with supplementation from patient charts where available. Non-epithelial tumours were excluded. The total number of appendectomy specimens over the period was also ascertained.RESULTS： Forty-two primary epithelial tumours were identified out of 6 824 appendectomies yielding a prevalence rate of approximately 0.62%. Welldifferentiated neuroendocrine cell tumours （carcinoids, 47.6%） and benign non-endocrine cell tumours （adenomas, 45.2%） were most common with nearly equal frequency. The median age was 43 years, with no sex predilection. Carcinoid tumours occurred in younger patients （mean age 32 years）, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.2：1. A clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis was the most common reason for appendectomy （57.1%） and was histologically confirmed in 75% （18 of 24） of cases. In total, 16.7% of cases were diagnosed after incidental appendectomy.CONCLUSION： Appendiceal epithelial tumours are rare in our experience, and are represented principally by carcinoid turnours and adenornas. Carcinoid tumours occurred in younger patients but were slightly more common in men than women. Tumours were not suspected clinically and were diagnosed incidentally in specimens submitted for acute appendicitis supporting the need for histological evaluation in all resection specimens.

关键词： Epithelial tumours Appendiceal tumours Carcinoid Adenoma Appendicitis

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Iron and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第36期22卷 8112-8122页

作者： Laurence J Britton V Nathan Subramaniam darrell HG Crawford Gallipoli Medical Research Institute The University of Queensland Greenslopes Private Hospital Brisbance Queensland 4120 Australia The Princess Alexandra Hospital Queensland 4120 Australia QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Queensland 4120 Australia

The mechanisms that promote liver injury in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) are yet to be thoroughly elucidated. As such, effective treatment strategies are lacking and novel therapeutic targets are required. Iron has been widely implicated in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and represents a potential target for treatment. Relationships between serum ferritin concentration and NAFLD are noted in a majority of studies, although serum ferritin is an imprecise measure of iron loading. Numerous mechanisms for a pathogenic role of hepatic iron in NAFLD have been demonstrated in animal and cell culture models. However, the human data linking hepatic iron to liver injury in NAFLD is less clear, with seemingly conflicting evidence, supporting either an effect of iron in hepatocytes or within reticulo-endothelial cells. Adipose tissue has emerged as a key site at which iron may have a pathogenic role in NAFLD. Evidence for this comes indirectly from studies that have evaluated the role of adipose tissue iron with respect to insulin resistance. Adding further complexity, multiple strands of evidence support an effect of NAFLD itself on iron metabolism. In this review, we summarise the human and basic science data that has evaluated the role of iron in NAFLD pathogenesis.

关键词： Iron Fatty liver Liver steatosis Insulin resistance Steatohepatitis Diabetes mellitus Adipose tissue

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Outcomes in children with Clostridium difficile infection:results from a nationwide survey

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Gastroenterology Report 2016年第4期4卷 293-298,I0002页

作者： Arjun Gupta darrell S Pardi Larry M Baddour Sahil Khanna Divisions of Infectious Diseases Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA

Objective:Hospital-and population-based studies demonstrate an increasing incidence of Clostridium difficile infection(CDI)in adults and children;although pediatric CDI outcomes are incompletely *** analysed United States National Hospital Discharge Survey(NHDS)data to study CDI in hospitalized ***:NHDS data for 2005–2009(demographics,diagnoses and discharge status)were obtained;cases and comorbidities were identified using ICD-9 *** univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to ascertain incidence of CDI;associations between CDI and outcomes[length of stay(LOS),colectomy,all-cause in-hospital mortality and discharge to a care facility(DTCF)].Results:Of an estimated 13.8 million pediatric inpatients;46176 had CDI;median age was 3 years;overall incidence was 33.5/10000 *** annual frequency of CDI did not vary from 2005 to 2009(0.24–0.43%;P=0.64).On univariate analyses,children with CDI had a longer median LOS(6 vs 2 days),higher rates of colectomy[odds ratio(OR)2.0;95%confidence interval(CI)1.7–2.4],mortality(OR 2.5;95% CI 2.3–2.7),and DTCF(OR 1.6;95% CI 1.6–1.7)(all P<0.0001).After adjusting for age,sex and comorbidities,CDI was an independent and the strongest predictor of increased LOS(adjusted mean difference,6.4 days;95% CI 5.4–7.4),higher rates of colectomy(OR 2.1;95% CI 1.8–2.5),mortality(OR 2.3;95% CI 2.2–2.5),and DTCF(OR 1.7;95% CI 1.6–1.8)(all P<0.0001).On excluding infants from the analysis,children with CDI had higher rates of mortality,DTCF and longer LOS than children without ***:Despite increased awareness and advancements in management,CDI remains a significant problem and is associated with increased LOS,colectomy,in-hospital mortality and DTCF in hospitalized children.

关键词： Clostridium difficile infection children pediatric outcomes epidemiology

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Genetic Programming IV_ Routine Human-Competitive Machine Intelligence

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丛书名： Genetic Programming Series

2003年

作者： John R. koza

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Recent laser upgrades at Sandia's Z-backlighter facility in order to accommodate new requirements for magnetized liner inertial fusion on the Z-machine

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2016年第4期4卷 1-12页

作者： Jens Schwarz Patrick Rambo darrell Armstrong Marius Schollmeier Ian Smith Jonathan Shores Matthias Geissel Mark Kimmel John Porter Sandia National Laboratories

The Z-backlighter laser facility primarily consists of two high energy, high-power laser systems. Z-Beamlet laser(ZBL)(Rambo et al., Appl. Opt. 44, 2421(2005)) is a multi-kJ-class, nanosecond laser operating at 1054 nm which is frequency doubled to 527 nm in order to provide x-ray backlighting of high energy density events on the Z-machine. Z-Petawatt(ZPW)(Schwarz et al., J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 112, 032020(2008)) is a petawatt-class system operating at 1054 nm delivering up to 500 J in 500 fs for backlighting and various short-pulse laser experiments(see also Figure 10 for a facility overview). With the development of the magnetized liner inertial fusion(MagLIF) concept on the Z-machine, the primary backlighting missions of ZBL and ZPW have been adjusted accordingly. As a result, we have focused our recent efforts on increasing the output energy of ZBL from 2 to 4 kJ at 527 nm by modifying the fiber front end to now include extra bandwidth(for stimulated Brillouin scattering suppression). The MagLIF concept requires a well-defined/behaved beam for interaction with the pressurized fuel. Hence we have made great efforts to implement an adaptive optics system on ZBL and have explored the use of phase plates. We are also exploring concepts to use ZPW as a backlighter for ZBL driven MagLIF experiments. Alternatively, ZPW could be used as an additional fusion fuel pre-heater or as a temporally flexible high energy pre-pulse. All of these concepts require the ability to operate the ZPW in a nanosecond long-pulse mode, in which the beam can co-propagate with ZBL. Some of the proposed modifications are complete and most of them are well on their way.

关键词： adaptive optics high energy lasers MagLIF OPCPA petawatt lasers SBS suppression

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Mastering the Interview

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2009年第10期 15-16页

作者： darrell Smith

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Association between hereditary hemochromatosis and hepatocellular carcinoma: a comprehensive review

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Hepatoma Research 2020年第3期6卷 1-14页

作者： Aparna Jayachandran Ritu Shrestha Kim R.Bridle darrell H.G.Crawford The University of Queensland Faculty of MedicineBrisbaneQLD 4006Australia Gallipoli Medical Research Institute Greenslopes Private HospitalBrisbaneQLD 4120Australia

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a significant global health problem with high morbidity and *** incidence is increasing exponentially worldwide with a close overlap between annual incidence and death *** though significant advances have been made in HCC treatment,fewer than 20%of patients with HCC are suitable for potentially curative *** hemochromatosis(HH)is an important genetic risk factor for *** is an autosomal recessive disorder of iron metabolism,characterised by elevated iron deposition in most organs including the liver,leading to progressive organ *** is a complication of HH,nearly always occurring in patients with cirrhosis and contributes to increased mortality *** the susceptibility of development of HCC in HH patients has gained much *** review summarises the current knowledge with regard to the association of HH and HCC in order to encourage further *** this review,we focus particularly on HFE gene-related ***,we highlight and discuss emerging clinical research which addresses the prevalence of HCC in HH patients and the coincidence of HH with other risk factors for HCC *** also focus on the therapeutic tools in the management of HCC associated with HH.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma hereditary hemochromatosis HFE gene C282Y mutation H63D mutation liver cirrhosis

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