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Melt Crystallization of Poly(butylene 2,6-naphthalate)

Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2020年第4期38卷 311-322,I0004页

作者： Qian Ding Michelina Soccio Nadia Lotti dario cavallo Rene Androsch School of Packaging Design and Art Hunan University ofTechnologyZhuzhou 412007China Department ofCivil ChemicalEnvironmental and Materials EngineeringUniversity of BolognaVia Terracini 28Bologna 40131Italy Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry University of GenovaViaDodecaneso31Genova 16146Italy Interdisciplinary Center for Transfer-oriented Research in Natural Sciences(IWE TFN) Martin Luther University Halle-WittenbergHalle/Saale 06099Germany

Poly(butylene 2,6-naphthalate)(PBN)is a crystallizable linear polyester containing a rigid naphthalene unit and flexible methylene spacer in the chemical repeat *** materials made of PBN exhibit excellent anti-abrasion and low friction properties,superior chemical resista nee,and outstanding gas barrier *** of the properties rely on the presence of crystals and the formatio n of a semicrystalline *** develop specific crystal structures and morphologies during cooling the melt,precise information about the melt-crystallization process is *** review article summarizes the current knowledge about the temperature-controlled crystal polymorphism of *** rather low supercooling of the melt,with decreasi ng crystal I izatio n temperature,0'-and a-crystals grow directly from the melt and organize in largely different spherulitic *** of a-crystals at high supercooling may also proceed via intermediate formation of a transient monotropic liquid crystalline structure,then yielding a non-spherulitic semicrystalline *** of PBN is rather fast since its suppression requires cooling the melt at a rate higher than 6000 K-s_*** this reason,investigation of the two-step crystallization process at low temperatu res requires application of sophisticated experimental *** in elude temperatureresolved X-ray scattering techniques using fast detectors and synchrotron-based X-rays and fast scanning chip *** scanning chip calorimetry allows freezi ng the transie nt liquid-crystalline structure before its con version into a-crystals,by fast cooling to below its glass transition *** an alysis using polarized-light optical microscopy reveals its texture and X-ray scatteri ng con firms the smectic arrangement of the *** combination of a large variety of experimental techniques allows obtaining a complete picture about crystallization of PBN in the entire

关键词： Poly(butylene 2,6-naphthalate) Crystallization Polymorphism Semicrystalline morphology

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Emotion Modelling for Social Robotics Applications： A Review

引用

Journal of Bionic Engineering 2018年第2期15卷 185-203页

作者： Filippo cavallo Francesco Semeraro Laura Fiorini Gergely Magyar Peter Sincadk Paolo dario BioRobotics Institute Seuola Superiore Sant'Anna Pontedera 56025 Italy Department of Cybernetics and Artificial Intelligence Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Technical University of Kosice Kosice 04001 Slovakia

Robots of today are eager to leave constrained industrial environments and embrace unexplored and unstructured areas, for extensive applications in the real world as service and social robots. Hence, in addition to these new physical frontiers, they must face human ones, too. This implies the need to consider a human-robot interaction from the beginning oft_he design; the possibility for a robot to recognize users＇ emotions and, in a certain way, to properly react and ＂behave＂. This could play a fundamental role in their integration in society. However, this capability is still far from being achieved. Over the past decade, several attempts to implement automata for different applications, outside of the industry, have been pursued. But very few applications have tried to consider the emotional state of users in the behavioural model of the robot, since it raises questions such as： how should human emotions be modelled for a correct representation of their state of mind？ Which sensing modalities and which classification methods could be the most feasible to obtain this desired knowl- edge？ Furthermore, which applications are the most suitable for the robot to have such sensitivity？ In this context, this paper aims to provide a general overview of recent attempts to enable robots to recognize human emotions and interact properly.

关键词： social robotics service robotics human-robot interaction emotion recognition robot learning robot behavioural model bionics

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