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Feasibility of Using Two versus Three Rapid Tests for HIV Diagnosis in India: Analysis of Public Health Program Data

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World Journal of AIDS 2017年第1期7卷 16-22页

作者： Varsha Kale Archana Beri Madhuri Thakar Veenita Sinha dar Shilpa Bembalkar Naresh Goel Arun Risbud Ramesh Paranjape National AIDS Research Institute Pune India Centre for Disease Control and Prevention New Delhi India National AIDS Control organisation Ministry of Health & Family Welfare New Delhi India

Under India’s National AIDS Control Program (NACP), WHo recommended strategy of using three rapid tests is adopted for diagnosis of HIV in an asymptomatic individual. Since the NACP has a stringent kit evaluation procedure and due to the availability of newer third generation Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) it may be possible to adapt two test strategy for HIV diagnosis instead of the recommended three test strategy. The authors reviewed programmatic data on HIV testing to explore whether use of two rapid tests for HIV diagnosis as against three tests could be a feasible approach without compromising the quality and readability of testing. Data on the HIV diagnosis performed on serum specimens collected for the period of one year (2011-12) from 82 Integrated Testing and Counselling Centers (ICTCs) or Prevention of Parent to Child Transmission Centers (PPTCTs) associated with State reference Laboratories (SRLs) was analysed. out of 654258 results that were analysed 25168 (3.84%) specimens were positives. It was observed that both two and three test algorithms provided similar results for majority (>99%) of the HIV positive specimens. Discordance was observed in labelling of specimen with inconclusive status (N = 21), however the true status of these samples could not be obtained. The analysis indicated that the use of two test algorithm will have programmatic benefits in terms of reduced financial burden to the programme and ease of procurement, shipment and storage before and after distribution without comprising the quality of the testing. The prospective study would confirm this observation.

关键词： HIV Testing Two Test Strategy Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDT) National AIDS Control Program (NACP)

Management and outcome of pancreatic trauma:a 6-year experience at a level I trauma center

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Emergency and Critical Care Medicine 2023年第1期3卷 6-11页

作者： Abhinav Anand Parvez Mohi Ud Din dar Preksha Rani Supreet Kaur Joses Dany James Junaid Alam Pratyusha Priyadarshini Abhinav Kumar Dinesh Bagaria Narendra Choudhary Subodh Kumar Amit Gupta Sushma Sagar Biplab Mishra Division of Trauma Surgery and Critical Care Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma CentreAll India Institute of Medical Sciences(AIIMS)New DelhiIndia Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine All India Institute of Medical Science(AIIMS)VijaypurJammuJammu and KashmirIndia Department of General Surgery All India Institute of Medical Science(AIIMS)JodhpurRajasthanIndia

Background: Pancreatic trauma (PT) accounts for less than 1% of all trauma admissions. occasionally, PT is undetected during theprimary survey and becomes apparent only when complications arise. It occurs in up to 5% of blunt abdominal trauma cases and 12%of individuals with penetrating abdominal injuries. Management is determined by the status of the main pancreatic duct and ***: This was an ambispective study conducted at the Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Center, All India Institute ofMedical Sciences,New Delhi, from January 2015 to December 2017 (retrospective), and January 2019 to December 2020 (prospective). In total, 113patients with PT were included in this ***:We analyzed the data of 113 patients with PT included in this study, of whichmales predominated (93.7%). Blunt PT was presentin 101 patients (89.4%) and penetrating PT in 12 patients (10.6%). Half of the patients (51.3%) had the American Association for theSurgery of Trauma grade III PT, followed by grade II (18.6%), and grade I (15%). of the total 113 patients, 68 (60.2%) were treated withoperative management, and 45 (39.8%) with nonoperative management. Distal pancreatectomy, with or without splenectomy, was themost common procedure performed in our study, followed by drainage. There were 27 mortalities (23.8%) during the study period, ofwhich 7 were directly related to PT and 20 were due to other organ-related sepsis and hemorrhagic ***: Pancreatic trauma is rare but challenging for trauma surgeons, with persistent management controversies. Early diagnosisis important for favorable results;however, a delay in diagnosis has been associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Low-grade pancreaticinjuries can be successfully managed nonoperatively, whereas high-grade pancreatic injuries require surgical intervention.

关键词： Abdominal trauma Distal pancreatectomy Management Pancreatic trauma

Effect of CaCl2, Citric Acid and Storage Period on Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Cherry Candy

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2011年第2期1卷 154-160页

作者： B. N. dar H. Ahsar S. M. Wani M. R. Dalal Department of Food Science and Technology PA U Ludhiana India Department of Post Harvest Technology SKUAST-K Srinagar India Department of Food Science and Technology University of Kashmir India Department of Pomology SKUAST-K Srinagar India

Cherry cultivar Misri （Bigarreau Noir Grossa） was used for making candy. Pitting of fruit was done manually and KMS （0.2%） was added for bleaching. The fruit was pretreated using 4 levels of CaCl2 （Co = 0%, C1 = 1%, C2 = 1.5%, C3 = 2%） and stored in jars for 4 weeks. Thereafter, application of colour was done using Erythrosine （0.05%） followed by dipping pitted fruits in sugar syrup for 24 hours. The samples were treated with 4 levels of citric acid （To = 0%, Tl = 1%, T2 = 1.5%, T3 = 2%） and then concentrated subsequently till desired TSS of 70~ Brix was attained. The samples were dried in cabinet drier at 80 ±20 ℃till constant moisture was attained. The product was packed in polyethene pouches and stored under ambient storage conditions. Results revealed that there was gradual increase in reducing sugars （%）, total sugars （%） during storage while as moisture content （%） decreased. The product developed was found economically profitable and viable for commercial production.

关键词： Cherry Misri candy reducing sugars.

Improved Management options for Submergence-Tolerant (Sub1) Rice Genotype in Flood-Prone Rainfed Lowlands of West Bengal

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第1期5卷 14-23页

作者： Malay K. Bhowmick Madhab C. Dhara Sudhanshu Singh Manzoor H. dar Uma S. Singh International Rice Research Institute New Delhi India Rice Research Station (Government of West Bengal) Chinsurah (R.S.) Hooghly India

Flash flood or submergence is a common phenomenon in rice growing rainfed lowland areas that seriously affects crop establishment leading to severe yield losses. A few submergence-tolerant rice varieties have been developed by introgressing SUB1 gene into mega rice varieties of South Asia. Two of these, Swarna-Sub1 and Sambha Mahsuri-Sub1, are already released in India for the commercial cultivation. Performance of these varieties can be further enhanced through adoption of appropriate management practices both in nursery and in main field. Two on-station field experiments were conducted using Swarna-Sub1 during the wet season (kharif) of 2011 at Rice Research Station, Chinsurah, Hooghly, West Bengal (India). Results of these experiments revealed that the use of lower seeding density (25 g m-2), application of balanced doses of N-P2o5-K2o @ 80-40-40 kg ha-1 in nursery and transplanting of aged seedlings (44 days) significantly improved plant survival, yield attributing traits and grain yield. An additional N-dose of 20 kg ha-1 at 7 days after receding of flood water resulted in better post-submergence recovery and maximum grain yield. In the on-farm trials conducted at three different locations in West Bengal, nursery raising of seedlings with the application of N-P2o5-K2o @ 80-40-40 kg ha-1, transplanting them at an optimum age (35 days) and application of 20 kg·N ha-1 after 7 days of de-submergence produced maximum grain yield of Swarna-Sub1.

关键词： Nursery Management Post-Flood Nitrogen Management Submergence Survival Swarna-Sub1

Isolation, purification and characterization of carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) from endophytic Fusarium oxysporum producing podophyllotoxin

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Advances in Enzyme Research 2013年第4期1卷 91-96页

作者： Refaz Ahmad dar Iram Saba Mohd Shahnawaz Manisha Kashinath Sangale Avinash Bapurao Ade Shabir Ahmad Rather Parvaiz Hassan Qazi Department of Botany University of Pune Pune Maharashtra India Microbial Biotechnology Division Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR) Sanatnagar Srinagar Jammu and Kashmir India

Endophytic fungus Fusarium oxysporum is a rich source of cellulases. In the present study, the highest activity was reported at 28 ° C, pH 5.6 with 2% Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as carbon source. CMC was purified using Sephadex G and DEAE cellulose chromatography to 15.9 folds and the molecular weight was determined to be 84 kDa by SDS-PAGE analysis and was subsequently characterized. The purified enzyme was stable over the pH range from 4.0 to 8.0 and at temperatures below 50 ° C. The enzyme was highly active on CMC and reduced or no activity on Avicel, cellobiose and it was suggested to be CMCase/endoglucanase. The activity of endoglucanase was enhanced in the presence of MgCl2, CoCl2, FeCl3, CaCl2, FeCl2 and intensive to HgCl2. The purified enzyme showed its optimum activity at pH 5.0 - 6.0 and was quite stable at 50 ° C for 30 min and retained 45% of original activity.

关键词： Endophyte Fusarium oxysporum Juniperus recurva Podophyllotoxin CMCase

利用虚拟平扫降低冠状动脉CT血管造影辐射剂量的可行性研究

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中华放射医学与防护杂志 2022年第1期42卷 61-66页

作者：陈文萍尹克杰李茗康丽娜余鸿鸣梁静吴敏 dar Kashif 陈杏彪盛志洪牡丹南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院医学影像科南京210008 南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院心内科南京210008 贵州省铜仁市人民医院放射科贵阳554300 南京医科大学鼓楼临床医学院心内科南京210008 飞利浦医疗临床科研部上海200070

目的探讨利用双层探测器光谱CT冠状动脉CT血管造影(CCTA)钙化积分的虚拟平扫成像(VNC)降低扫描辐射剂量的可行性。方法回顾性分析2019年3月至2020年8月在南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院双层探测器光谱CT行CCTA扫描的122例患者资料。记录每... 详细信息

目的探讨利用双层探测器光谱CT冠状动脉CT血管造影(CCTA)钙化积分的虚拟平扫成像(VNC)降低扫描辐射剂量的可行性。方法回顾性分析2019年3月至2020年8月在南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院双层探测器光谱CT行CCTA扫描的122例患者资料。记录每位患者的CT容积剂量指数(CTDIvol)、剂量长度乘积(DLP)及有效剂量(E)。记录检查时间。在后处理工作站中, 基于CCTA的光谱基数据(SBI)生成VNC图像。2名医师分别独立评价左前降支(LAD)、左回旋支(LCx)、右冠状动脉(RCA)真实平扫(TNC)及VNC的钙化积分(CS;NC, CS;NC)并做Pearson相关性分析, 得到校正系数λ, 各分支校正系数分别记为λLAD、λLCx、λRCA, 总体冠状动脉(Total)的平均校正系数记为λAVG。校正后VNC的CS(CCS;NC)=λ× CS;NC。采用重复测量单因素方差分析比较CS;NC、CCS;NC的差异;采用Bland-Altman法分析评价CS;NC、CCS;NC一致性。结果获得CS平扫的辐射剂量为0.69 mSv。心电门控冠状动脉CTA扫描的辐射剂量为6.47 mSv, 总的辐射剂量为7.16 mSv。利用基于双层探测器光谱CT冠状动脉CTA的VNC图像替代TNC图像获得CS, 可省去CTA前的平扫, 减少10.6%的总辐射剂量及39%的检查时间。LAD、LCx、RCA及Total的CS;NC, CS;NC差异有统计学意义(t=6.75、5.33、4.99、6.60, P 0.05)。LCx的CS;NC、平均系数CCS;NC及分支系数CCS;NC差异有统计学意义(F=10.94, P0.05)。结论利用双层探测器光谱CT的VNC技术可以从CCTA图像中准确评价冠状动脉CS, 有望代替冠状动脉常规CT平扫, 从而有效降低患者辐射剂量及减少扫描时间。

关键词：计算机体层成像冠状动脉血管钙化辐射剂量虚拟平扫

家蚕二化性杂交品种部分数量性状遗传参数的初步评估(英文)

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昆虫学报 2005年第6期48卷 982-985页

作者： Gulam Nabi MALIK Syed Zia Ul Haque RUFAIE Tejender Paul SINGH Mohammed Farooq BAQUAL Habib Ullah dar Division of Sericulture Mirgund Baramulla Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciencesand TechnologyPost Box 674 G.P.O Srinagar 190001 INDIA

采用完全随机设计法根据10头老熟幼虫体重、全茧重、茧层量、茧层率(%)、存活率、万蚕茧层量和茧丝长等指标,对两对二化性家蚕Bombyx moriL.杂交品系(SH6×NB4D2和CSR2×CSR4)杂交一代的22个子代个体进行了遗传参数估算,以缩小优质蚕品... 详细信息

采用完全随机设计法根据10头老熟幼虫体重、全茧重、茧层量、茧层率(%)、存活率、万蚕茧层量和茧丝长等指标,对两对二化性家蚕Bombyx moriL.杂交品系(SH6×NB4D2和CSR2×CSR4)杂交一代的22个子代个体进行了遗传参数估算,以缩小优质蚕品种的候选范围,并且计算出直接筛选的参数,如遗传力和遗传进度等,使这些信息可用于以筛选高产新品种为目的的育种和选择过程中。杂交子代2,4,5,6,7,10,14,16,19和20号个体在这几个指标中表现出显著的优越性。全茧重、万蚕茧层量和茧丝长的遗传力和遗传进度较大,可以简单地从表现型的差异对这些性状进行选择并取得遗传性状改良。其他几个指标(10头老熟幼虫体重、茧层量、茧层率(%)和存活率)的遗传力和遗传进度较低,对这些性状进行直接选择来改良品种的效果较差。

关键词：家蚕杂交一代遗传力遗传进度

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ELAD的研究进展

ELAD的研究进展

HEAT TREATMENT oF INDIUM ANTIMoNIDE

第11届全国疑难及重症肝病大会

作者：李欣原 dar He Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Denison University

肝衰竭是由众多致病因素导致的肝脏严重损害,导致肝脏的合成、解毒、排泄及生物转化等功能发生严重障碍或失代偿,而出现黄疸、多器官功能衰竭等一系列症状的临床症候群,病死率超过80%,至今仍然是全世界主要的危重病及死亡原因之一。目...

肝衰竭是由众多致病因素导致的肝脏严重损害,导致肝脏的合成、解毒、排泄及生物转化等功能发生严重障碍或失代偿,而出现黄疸、多器官功能衰竭等一系列症状的临床症候群,病死率超过80%,至今仍然是全世界主要的危重病及死亡原因之一。目前生物型人工肝能够帮患者恢复肝功能、延长患者治疗时间,成为最有前景的治疗手段之一。

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1966年第8期24卷 350-354页

作者：徐鸿达林兰英

Heat treatment is one of the methods for studying the properties of semiconductors. For Si, Ge, and PbS, there have been already comparatively extensive and profound researches. The search for the heat treatment of Ⅲ-Ⅴ compound semiconductors was started with the P-type InAs by Dixon et al. in 1959, and from 1960 attention turned to focus on GaAs instead of on InAs. For these two materials, it is deemed in general that copper is the source leading to the heat treatment effect. With respect to the study of the heat treatment of InSb, Hulme and Mullin’s review article is generally regarded as a rather comprehensive report. Two kinds of experiments have been carried out. one ran as follows: After a treatment at 500℃ for several hours in vacuo, the sample was wholly changed into P-type. It is believed that the increase or decrease of the concen-

关键词： wholly turned Dixon instead profound considerably benzene again purified concerning