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Myelin histology:a key tool in nervous system research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 277-281页

作者： Óscar darío García-García Víctor Carriel Jesús Chato-Astrain Department of Histology Tissue Engineering GroupUniversity of Granada&Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADAGranadaSpain

The myelin sheath is a lipoprotein-rich,multilayered structure capable of increasing conduction velocity in central and peripheral myelinated nerve *** to the complex structure and composition of myelin,various histological techniques have been developed over the centuries to evaluate myelin under normal,pathological or experimental ***,methods to assess myelin integrity or content are key tools in both clinical diagnosis and neuroscience *** this review,we provide an updated summary of the composition and structure of the myelin sheath and discuss some histological procedures,from tissue fixation and processing techniques to the most used and practical myelin histological staining *** the lipoprotein nature of myelin,the main features and technical details of the different available methods that can be used to evaluate the lipid or protein components of myelin are described,as well as the precise ultrastructural techniques.

关键词： fluorescence microscopy histology light microscopy lipid histochemistry metallographic techniques myelin histochemistry myelin immunohistochemistry myelin structure&composition myelin ultrastructural evaluation tissue fixation&processing

The transition from backarc extension to Andean growth:Insights from geochronologic,sedimentologic,and structural studies of Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary and volcanic rocks in south-central Chile(36°S)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第5期15卷 93-117页

作者： Alfonso Encinas Nicolás Henríquez Daniel Castro darío orts Diego Kietzmann Franco Iovino Paulo Vásquez Andrés Folguera Victor Valencia Facundo Fuentes Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad de ConcepciónVíctor Lamas 1290Concepción 4030000Chile Universidad Nacional de Río Negro.Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología.General Roca Río NegroArgentina Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología(IIPG).CoNICET.Av.J.A.Roca 1242 8332 General RocaRío NegroArgentina Universidad de Buenos Aires Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesDepartamento de Ciencias GeológicasCiudad UniversitariaPabellón IIIntendente Güiraldes 2160C1428EHA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresArgentina CoNICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires Instituto de Geociencias BásicasAmbientales y Aplicadas de Buenos Aires(IGeBA)Ciudad UniversitariaPabellón IIIntendente Güiraldes 2160C1428EHA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresArgentina Instituto de Estudios Andinos‘‘Don Pablo Groeber”(IDEAN) CONICET-Universidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina Washington State University School of the EnvironmentPullmanUSA Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales(YPF)S.A. Buenos AiresArgentina

Many studies propose a significant shift in the tectonic and paleogeographic evolution of the Andes in south-central Chile and Argentina during the Late *** has been proposed that the preceding Jurassic-Early Cretaceous extensional regime that resulted in a low-relief volcanic arc and the backarc Neuquén basin came to an end,giving way to shortening and Andean growth from the Late Cretaceous ***,there are disagreements regarding the timing and nature of this transition to Andean *** address these issues,we conducted geochronologic(U-Pb and^(40)Ar/&(39)Ar),sedimentologic,and structural studies on Mesozoic-Cenozoic sedimentary and volcanic rocks in the Río Maule area(Principal Cordillera,Chile,36°S).From our findings and prior analyses,we propose the following tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the region.(1)Marine deposition of the Tithonian-Hauterivian Baños del Flaco Formation took place in an extensional backarc basin.(2)After a~40 Myr hiatus,fluvial deposits of the Colimapu Formation and volcanic rocks of the Plan de los Yeuques Formation accumulated during the *** the Colimapu Formation displays evidence of syndepositional shortening,the Plan de los Yeuques Formation exhibits synextensional growth *** to other studies,our results suggest that the Chilean part of the Principal Cordillera was largely a zone of active deposition rather than an elevated fold-thrust belt during the Late *** propose that sedimentation occurred within a series of relatively stable intermontane subbasins generated by shortening,followed by extension.(3)After a~20 Myr hiatus,middle Eocene to early Miocene(Lutetian-Aquitanian)accumulation of a thick succession of andesitic lavas and minor clastic sediments of the Abanico Formation occurred in an intraarc extensional basin.(4)Finally,major shortening and uplift of previously deposited Mesozoic-Cenozoic rocks took place throughout the *** phase constitu

关键词： Andes South-central Chile Backarc basin Foreland basin Fold-thrust belt

Wettability,reactivity,and interface structure in Mg/Ni system

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 659-672页

作者： S.Terlicka N.Sobczak Ł.Maj P.darłak J.J.Sobczak Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science Polish Academy of Sciences25 Reymonta Str.KrakowPoland Faculty of Foundry Engineering AGH University23 Reymonta Str.KrakowPoland

The sessile drop method was applied to the experimental investigation of the wetting and spreading behaviors of liquid Mg drops on pure Ni *** comparison,the experiments were performed in two variants:(1)using the Capillary Purification(CP)procedure,which allows the non-contact heating and squeezing of a pure oxide-free Mg drop;(2)by classical Contact Heating(CH)*** high-temperature tests were performed under isothermal conditions(CP:760℃for 30 s;CH:715℃for 300 s)using Ar+5 wt%H_(2) *** the sessile drop tests,images of the Mg/Ni couples were recorded by CCD cameras(57 fps),which were then applied to calculate the contact angles of metal/substrate *** and transmission electron microscopy analyses,both coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,were used for detailed structural characterization of the solidified *** was found that an oxide-free Mg drop obtained by the CP procedure showed a wetting phenomenon on the Ni substrate(an average contact angleθollowed by fast spreading and good wetting over the Ni substrate(θ_((CP))~20°in 5 s)to form a final contact angle ofθ_(f(CP))~18°.In contrast,a different wetting behavior was observed for the CH procedure,where the unavoidable primary oxide film on the Mg surface blocked the spreading of liquid Mg showing apparently non-wetting behavior after 300 s contact at the test ***,in both cases,the deep craters formed in the Ni substrates under the Mg drops and significant change in the structure of initially pure Mg drops to Mg-Ni alloys suggest a strong dissolution of Ni in liquid Mg and apparent values of the final contact angles measured for the Mg/Ni system.

关键词： Magnesium-based alloys Sessile drop tests Capillary purification procedure Wettability Reactivity Contact angle

New therapy for metabolic syndrome:Gut microbiome supplementation

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第9期15卷 1833-1836页

作者： Waseem Qureshi Maqsood Ahmad dar Mohd Younis Rather Hospital Administration Government Medical CollegeUniversity of KashmirJammu and KashmirSrinagar 190010India Department of Medicine Government Medical CollegeUniversity of KashmirJammu and KashmirSrinagar 190010India Multidisciplinary Research Unit Government Medical CollegeUniversity of KashmirJammu and KashmirSrinagar 190010India

The gut microbiota is important in the development and progression of metabolic illnesses such type 2 diabetes,cardiovascular disease(CVD),and *** diverse community of microorganisms controls a variety of physiological functions,including metabolism,inflammation,and immune *** these interactions has resulted in novel therapeutic options,including microbiome *** gut microbiome is extremely susceptible to dietary changes,which can alter its makeup and function,influencing metabolite synthesis that affects host *** metabolites,such as butyrate and propionate,have been proven to protect against metabolic illnesses,whereas trimethylamine has been linked to ***,probiotics,synbiotics,and postbiotics are being investigated by researchers as ways to change the gut microbiome and boost metabolic *** advances in therapy and lifestyle adjustments,the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing,emphasizing the need for new medicines.

关键词： Probiotics Prebiotics Synbiotics Postbiotics Microbiome Type 2 diabetes mellitus Cardiovascular disease obesity

optoelectronic and thermoelectric properties of spinel chalcogenides HgLa_(2)X_(4)(X=S and Se):A first-principles study

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第10期42卷 1927-1936页

作者： Aparna Dixit Inas AAhmed Jisha Annie Abraham Zeinhom MEl-Bahy Mumtaz Manzoor Sajad Ahmad dar Ramesh Sharma Department of Basic Science and Humanities Pranveer Singh Institute of TechnologyKanpur209305UPIndia Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha62224Saudi Arabia Department of Physics National Defence AcademyPune209305MaharashtraIndia Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityNasr City.11884CairoEgyp Institute of Physics Slovak Academy of SciencesDubravska cesta 984507BratislavaSlovakia Department of Physics Motilal Vigyan Mahavidyalya CollegeBhopal462008India Department of Applied Science Feroze Gandhi Institute of Engineering and TechnologyRaebareli229001India

We investigated spinel chalcogenides HgLa_(2)(S/Se)_(4)by using density function theory,and scrutinized the structural,optical,electrical,mechanical and thermoelectric transport characteristics of HgLa_(2)(S/Se)_(4)spinel *** enthalpy of formation,energy of cohesion,and energy volume optimum plots were used to obtain the stability as well as the perfect ground state of these *** ductility of these materials was the best illustrated with the help of Poisson's and Pugh's *** band gap results were obtained using Trans and Blaha modified Becke-Johanson potential(TB-mBJ).Both the materials present semi-conducting nature with direct band gap equal to 1.449 and 0.892 eV respectively for HgLa_(2)S_(4)and HgLa_(2)Se_(4).Calculations were also made for optical characteristics with the values of dielectric function,absorption coefficient,optical conductivity,reflectivity,and refractive *** to the findings,both of these materials are suitable for infrared optoelectronic *** materials were found to have promising optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications after their optical properties and transport aspects were *** tiny levels of temperature conductivities,substantial am ounts of power conductivities,the figure of merit(more than unity),as well as Seebecs coefficients all point to the potential use of both the materials in thermoelectric power generators.

关键词： Density functional theory Direct band gap optoelectronic Thermoelectric Semiconductors Power factor

Variable range hopping transport and dielectric relaxation mechanism in GdCro_(3) rare-earth orthochromite perovskite

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1304-1316,I0004页

作者： Muhammad Javed Ayaz Arif Khan Jamal Kazmi Naeem Akbar Said Nasir Khisro Amanullah dar Aleem Dad Khan Tareen Mohd Ambri Mohamed Department of Physics The University of Azad Jammu and KashmirMuzaffarabad13100Pakistan Department of Physics University of Kotli Azad Jammu and KashmirKotli11100Pakistan Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600BangiSelangorMalaysia Department of Mathematics University of Kotli Azad Jammu and KashmirKotli11100Pakistan

The polycrystalline GdCro_(3)(GCo)perovskite orthochromite was synthesized by the sol-gel auto-combustion *** Rietveld refined X-ray diffraction(XRD)profile of GCo confirms that the orthorhombic phase crystallizes in perovskite crystal structure with space group *** transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction divulge the polycrystalline nature of the perovskite *** field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM)images reveal the microstructural polyhedral growth of grains separated by sharp grain *** chemical states of the ions present in the compound were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)studies,and the electrical pathways were *** impedance studies were carried out in the experimental frequency and temperature ranges of 40 Hz-4 MHz and 178-408 K,*** equivalent circuit model(RGQG)(RGBQGB)resolves the impedance response into two contributions originating from the intra-grain and inter-granular micro-constituents of the *** electrical conduction mechanism is based on the Mott variable range hopping *** complex electric modulus studies demonstrate the short-and long-range mobility of the charge carriers and rule out the presence of electrode effects on the dielectric relaxation mechanism of the *** decreasing pattern of dielectric permittivity with frequency is explained by the Maxwell-Wagner type of *** frequency dependence of the loss factor exhibits the presence of thermally activated relaxation time distribution in the material.

关键词： Auto-combustion Perovskite Electro-ceramic Dielectric Electrical transport Impedance

The 111-Years-old Cosmic Ray Puzzle Has Been Solved?

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Journal of Modern Physics 2024年第1期15卷 125-131页

作者： Shlomo Dado Arnon dar Physics Department Technion Haifa Israel

We show that recently multi-messenger astronomy has provided compelling evidence that the bulk of high energy cosmic rays (CRs) are produced by highly relativistic narrow jets of plasmoids launched in core collapse of stripped-envelope massive stars to neutron stars and stellar mass black holes. Such events produce also a visible GRB if the jet happens to point in our direction. This has been long advocated by the cannon ball (CB) model of high energy CRs and GRBs, but the evidence has been provided only recently by what were widely believed to be unrelated discoveries. They include the very recent discovery of a knee around TeV in the energy spectrum of high energy CR electrons, the peak photon energy in the “brightest of all time” GRB221009A, and the failure of IceCube to detect high energy neutrinos from GRBs, including GRB221009A. They were all predicted by the cannonball (CB) model of high energy CRs and GRBs long before they were discovered in observations, despite a negligible probability to occur by chance.

关键词： Cosmic Rays Gamma Ray Bursts Neutrino Bursts

Assembly and electrochemical testing of renewable carbon-based anodes in SIBs:A practical guide

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第12期75卷 457-477,I0012页

作者： darío Alvira Daniel Antorán Joan JManyà Aragón Institute of Engineering Research(I3A) Thermochemical Processes GroupUniversity of ZaragozaEscuela Politécnica Superior22071 HuescaSpain

Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)are considered as a promising candidate to replace lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)in large-scale energy storage *** sodium resources and similar working principles make this technology attractive to be implemented in the near ***,the development of high-performance carbon anodes is a focal point to the upcoming success of SIBs in terms of power density,cycling stability,and *** knowledge in electrochemical and physicochemical techniques is required to properly evaluate the anode performance and move it in the right *** review aims at providing a comprehensive guideline to help researchers from different backgrounds(e.g.,nanomaterials and thermochemistry)to delve into this *** main components,lab configurations,procedures,and working principles of SIBs are ***,a detailed description of the most used electrochemical and physicochemical techniques to characterize electrochemically active materials is provided.

关键词： Sodium-ion battery Anode Hard carbon Electrochemical techniques Carbon characterization

Receiver tube heat transfer analysis of a CCP collector designed based on branched fractals geometry

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2020年第5期13卷 56-62页

作者： Angélica Palacios darío Amaya olga Ramos GAV Research Group Universidad Militar Nueva GranadaBogota 110111Colombia

For the development of systems related to renewable energy and specifically for thermo-solar energy,it is essential to study and analyze the different thermal phenomena of heat transfer,in search of the best conditions that allow strengthening the *** such as radiation,convection,and conduction are highly studied,from the field of materials to the field of infrastructure,finding day to day optimal solutions that guarantee a great use of the solar resource available on the earth's *** study presented the results of heat transfer analysis on a receiver pipe in a CCP;designed using the theory of branched fractal geometry to improve the heat transfer associated with concentrating solar capture systems.A fractal structure as a branch or arboreal fractal type network,influenced thermal and electrical parameters,as electrical resistance,thermal resistance,and convective heat transfer,so increasing the level branch heat transfer can be enhancement along of the *** use of renewable energies in agriculture benefits the industrial processes that require a continuous power system,due to climatic conditions and geographical location is not a guarantee in food production fields,which reason solar capture systems contribute to food dehydration processes,water heating,refrigeration,and energy production.

关键词： heat transfer fractal geometry solar collector fractality fractal dimension parabolic cylindrical concentrator