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Comparing the performances of WRF QPF and PERSIANN-CCS QPEs in karst flood simulation and forecasting by coupling the Karst-Liuxihe model

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2022年第2期16卷 381-400页

作者： Ji LI daoxian yuan Yuchuan SUN Jianhong LI Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station School of Geographical SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics(MNR&Guangxi)Institute of Karst Geology CAGSGuilin 541004China

Long-term rainfall data are crucial for flood simulations and forecasting in karst regions.However,in karst areas,there is often a lack of suitable precipitation data available to build distributed hydrological models to forecast karst floods.Quantitative precipitation forecasts(QPFs)and estimates(QPEs)could provide rational methods to acquire the available precipitation data for karst areas.Furthermore,coupling a physically based hydrological model with QPFs and QPEs could greatly enhance the performance and extend the lead time of flood forecasting in karst areas.This study served two main purposes.One purpose was to compare the performance of the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)QPFs with that of the Precipitation Estimations through Remotely Sensed Information based on the Artificial Neural Network-Cloud Classification System(PERSIANN-CCS)QPEs in rainfall forecasting in karst river basins.The other purpose was to test the feasibility and effective application of karst flood simulation and forecasting by coupling the WRF and PERSIANN models with the Karst-Liuxihe model.The rainfall forecasting results showed that the precipitation distributions of the 2 weather models were very similar to the observed rainfall results.However,the precipitation amounts forecasted by WRF QPF were larger than those measured by the rain gauges,while the quantities forecasted by the PERSIANN-CCS QPEs were smaller.A postprocessing algorithm was proposed in this paper to correct the rainfall estimates produced by the two weather models.The flood simulations achieved based on the postprocessed WRF QPF and PERSIANN-CCS QPEs coupled with the Karst-Liuxihe model were much improved over previous results.In particular,coupling the postprocessed WRF QPF with the Karst-Liuxihe model could greatly extend the lead time of flood forecasting,and a maximum lead time of 96 h is adequate for flood warnings and emergency responses,which is extremely important in flood simulations and forecasting.

关键词： WRF QPF PERSIANN-CCS QPEs the Karst-Liuxihe model flood simulation and forecasting karst river basin

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Influence of CO_(2)/HCO_(3)^(-) on Microbial Communities in Two Karst Caves with High CO_(2)

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Journal of Earth Science 2023年第1期34卷 145-155页

作者： Jiyu Chen Qiang Li Qiufang He Heinz C.Schroder Zujun Lu daoxian yuan Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics MNR&GZARInstitute of Karst GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesGuilin541004China International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO Guilin541004China College of Life Science Guangxi Normal UniversityGuilin541006China Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection Ministry of EducationGuilin541004China School of Geographical Sciences Southwest UniversityChongqing400715China Institute for Physiological Chemistry University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainz55128Germany

There is limited knowledge about microbial communities and their ecological functions in karst caves with high CO_(2)concentrations.Here,we studied the microbial community compositions and functions in Shuiming Cave( "SMC",CO_(2)concentration 3 303 ppm) and Xueyu Cave( "XYC",CO_(2)concentration 8 753 ppm) using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing in combination with BIOLOG test.The results showed that Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were dominant phyla in these two caves,and Thaumarchaeota was the most abundant in the rock wall samples of SMC.The microbial diversity in the water samples decreased with increasing HCO_(3)^(-)concentration,and it was higher in XYC than that in SMC.The microbial community structures in the sediment and rock wall samples were quite different between the two caves.High concentrations of CO_(2)can reduce the microbial diversity on the rock walls in karst caves,probably through changing microbial preference for different types of carbon sources and decreasing the microbial utilization rate of carbon sources.These results expanded our understanding of microbial community and its response to environments in karst caves with high CO_(2).

关键词： karst cave CO_(2) microbial community composition microbiology function carbon source utilization

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Contribution of Oxygenic Photosynthesis to Palaeo-Oceanic Organic Carbon Sink Fluxes in Early Cambrian Upper Yangtze Shallow Sea: Evidence from Black Shale Record

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Journal of Earth Science 2016年第2期27卷 211-224页

作者： Kunyu Wu Tingshan Zhang Yang Yang Yuchuan Sun daoxian yuan State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University School of Geographical Sciences Southwest University Karst Dynamics Laboratory MLR and GZAR Institute of Karst GeologyCAGS

The extensive transgression that occurred on the Yangtze Plate in Early Cambrian led to a massive organic carbon pool in the Niutitang Formation. A black shale core section from 3 251.08 to 3 436.08 m beneath the Earth＇s surface was studied to estimate the contribution of oxygenic photosynthesis to organic carbon sink fluxes in Early Cambrian Upper Yangtze shallow sea. Results indicate that the oxygenic photosynthesis played the most important role in carbon fixation in Early Cambrian. Organic carbon sink was mainly contributed by photosynthetic microorganisms, e.g., cyanobacteria, algae and archaea. The Niutitang Formation was formed in a deep anoxic marine shelf sedimentary environment at a sedimentation rate of ~0.09±0.03 mm/yr. The initial TOC abundance in Niutitang shale ranged from 0.18% to 7.09%, with an average of 2.15%. In accordance with the sedimentation rate and initial TOC abundance, organic carbon sink fluxes were calculated and found to range from 0.21 to 8.10×10~3 kg/km^2·yr^（-1）, especially the organic carbon sink fluxes in depth between 3 385 and 3 470 m range from 3.80 to 8.10×10~3 kg/km^2·yr^（-1）, with an average of ~6.03×10~3 kg/km^2·yr^（-1）, which is much higher than that of contemporary marine sediments. The organic carbon sink fluxes of Niutitang shale are equal to 0.56 to 21.61×10~3 kg/km^2·yr^（-1） net oxygen emitted into the Early Cambrian ocean and atmosphere, this emitted oxygen may have significantly promoted the oxygen level of the Earth＇s surface and diversification of metazoans.

关键词： oxygenic photosynthesis organic carbon sink black shale Early Cambrian UpperYangtze shallow sea.

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Human activity and climate change triggered the expansion of rocky desertification in the karst areas of Southwestern China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2021年第10期64卷 1761-1773页

作者： Chaojun CHEN daoxian yuan Hai CHENG Tsailuen YU Chuanchou SHEN RLawrence EDWARDS Yao WU Siya XIAO Jian ZHANG Tao WANG Ran HUANG Ziqi LIU Tingyong LI Junyun LI Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment School of Geographical SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics MNRGuangxiInstitute of Karst GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesGuilin 541004China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Geographical Processes&Environmental Changes Faculty of GeographyYunnan Normal UniversityKunming 650500China Institute of Global Environmental Change Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China High-precision Mass Spectrometry and Environment Change Laboratory(HISPEC) Department of GeosciencesTaiwan UniversityTaipei 10617China Research Center for Future Earth Taiwan UniversityTaipei 10617China Global Change Research Center Taiwan UniversityTaipei 10617China Department of Earth Sciences University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455USA Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux(EPOC) UMR CNRS 5805Universitéde BordeauxPessac 33600France School of Karst Science Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China

It is conducive to the sustainable development of human beings in karst regions to research the mechanism of karst rocky desertification(KRD)expansion.Whether the large-scale KRD in southwestern China is caused by climate change or human activities is still controversial.In this study,the evolution of the KRD in southwestern China over the past 2000 years was reconstructed through the high-precisionδ^(13)C record of stalagmites from Shijiangjun(SJJ)Cave,Guizhou Province,China.Theδ^(13)C of the stalagmites from SJJ Cave exhibited heavy values from the Medieval Warm Period(MWP)to the Little Ice Age(LIA).Furthermore,theδ^(13)C records of other stalagmites and tufa from southwestern China also showed the same significant heavy trend.Because the stalagmiteδ^(13)C could record the change of ecological environment,it indicated that the consistent change of the stalagmitesδ^(13)C may record the process of KRD expansion in the karst regions of southwestern China.During the MWP,the stronger Asian summer monsoon and the northward movement of the rain belt led to a dry period in southwestern China and a wet period in northern China.In contrast,it was wet in southwestern China and dry in northern China during the LIA.In addition,after the Jing-Kang event(JK event,AD1127)occurred at the end of the Northern Song dynasty,the political and economic center of China migrated to southern China for the first time,which changed the population distribution pattern of larger population in the north and smaller population in the south.Therefore,the expansion of KRD in southwestern China was exacerbated in the MWP due to the change of climate in southwestern China,the migration of a large number of people,wars,the large-scale reclamation of arable land,and the cultivation of large areas of crops.

关键词： Karst rocky desertification Jing-Kang event Stalagmiteδ13C record Medieval Warm Period Little Ice Age

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Influence of CO/HCOon microbial communities in two karst caves with high CO

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Journal of Earth Science 2020年

作者： Jiyu Chen Qiang Li Qiufang He Heinz C.Schr?der Zujun Lu daoxian yuan International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO Institute for Physiological Chemistry， University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection， Ministry of Education College of Life Science， Guangxi Normal University Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics， MNR & GZAR， Institute of Karst Geology， Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences School of Geographical Sciences， Southwest University

There is limited knowledge about microbial communities and their ecological functions in karst caves with high COconcentrations. Here， we studied the microbial community compositions and functions in Shuiming Cave (“SMC”， COconcentration 3303 ppm) and Xueyu Cave (“XYC”， COconcentration 8753 ppm) using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing in combination with BIOLOG test. The results showed that Proteobacteria， Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were dominant phyla in these two caves， and Thaumarchaeota was the most abundant in the rock wall samples of SMC. The microbial diversity in the water samples decreased with increasing HCOconcentration， and it was higher in XYC than that in SMC. The microbial community structures in the sediment and rock wall samples were quite different between the two caves. High concentrations of COcan reduce the microbial diversity on the rock walls in karst caves， probably through changing microbial preference for different types of carbon sources and decreasing the microbial utilization rate of carbon sources. These results expanded our understanding of microbial community and its response to environments in karst caves with high CO.

关键词： Karst cave CO Microbial community composition Function Carbon source utilization

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On the Karst Ecosystem

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2001年第3期75卷 336-338页

作者： yuan daoxian Karst Dynamics Laboratory Ministry of Land and Resources Guilin 541004GuangxiChina

In this paper the author gives a definition of the karst ecosystem and discusses the characteristics of the karst environment and karst ecosystem and the relationship between life and the karst environment. Finally he... 详细信息

关键词： karst ecosystem carbonate rock karst environment

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Identifying the Sources of Solutes in Karst Groundwater in Chongqing,China:a Combined Sulfate and Strontium Isotope Approach

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2012年第4期86卷 980-992页

作者： PU Junbing yuan daoxian ZHANG Cheng ZHAO Heping Karst Dynamics Laboratory Institute of Karst GeologyChinese Academy of Geological Sciences International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO

Groundwater from karst subterranean streams is among the world＇s most important sources of drinking water supplies, and the hydrochemical characteristics of karst water are impacted by both natural environment and people. Therefore, the study of hydrochemistry and its solutes＇ sources is very important to ensure the normal function of life support systems. In this paper, thirty-five representative karst groundwater samples were collected from different aquifers （limestone and dolomite） and various land use types in Chongqing to trace the sources of solutes and relative hydrochemical processes. Hydrogeochemical types of karst groundwater in Chongqing were mainly of the Ca-HCO3 type or Ca （Mg）-HCO3 type. However, some hydrochemical types of karst groundwater were the K＋Na＋Ca-SO4 type （G25 site） or Ca-HCO3＋SO4 type （G26 and G14 site）, indicating that the hydrochemistry of these sites might be strongly influenced by anthropogenic activities or unique geological characteristics. The dissolved Sr concentrations of the studied groundwater ranged from 0.57 to 15.06 ~tmmol/L, and the STSr/S6Sr varied from 0.70751 to 0.71627. The j34S-SO42- fell into a range of-6.8%o-21.5%o, with a mean value of 5.6%o. The variations of both 87Sr/S6Sr and Sr values of the groundwater samples indicated that the Sr element was controlled by the weathering of limestone, dolomite and silicate rock. However, the figure of STSr/S6Sr vs. Sr2＋/[K＋＋Na＋] showed that the anthropogenic inputs also obviously contributed to the Sr contents. For tracing the detailed anthropogenic effects, we traced the sources of solutes collected karst groundwater samples in Chongqing according to the j34S value of potential sulfate sources. The variations of both j34S and 1/ SO42- values of the groundwater samples indicated that the atmospheric acid deposition （AAD）, dissolution of gypsum （GD）, oxidation of sulfide mineral （OS） or anthropogenic inputs （SF： sewage or fertilizer） have contributed to solutes in karst groundwater. The influence of oxidation of sulfide mine

关键词： sulfate isotope strontium isotope hydrogeochemistry karst groundwater Chongqing Municipality

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Carbon dioxide degassing flux from two geothermal fields in Tibet,China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第35期56卷 3783-3793页

作者： SHEN LiCheng WU KunYu XIAO Qiong yuan daoxian Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region Ministry of EducationSchool of Geographical ScienceInstitute of Karst Environment and Rock Desertification ControlSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Karst Dynamics Laboratory Ministry of Land and ResourcesGuilin 541004China

在地质的时间规模上,排除的土在大气的二氧化碳(CO_(2) ) 上有重要影响集中,它是全球碳周期模型的一个重要部件。在西藏,结构的条件和联系普遍地热的系统导致在地热的水移植期间排除的二氧化碳。我们在西藏的高原上描绘了二块地热的地的... 详细信息

在地质的时间规模上,排除的土在大气的二氧化碳(CO_(2) ) 上有重要影响集中,它是全球碳周期模型的一个重要部件。在西藏,结构的条件和联系普遍地热的系统导致在地热的水移植期间排除的二氧化碳。我们在西藏的高原上描绘了二块地热的地的 hydrochemical 条件。地热的水的化学作文被 K 长石和钠长石控制。Langjiu 地热的地里的地热的水是钠氯化物类型, Dagejia 地热的地的那些是钠酸式碳酸盐类型。在二个 hydrogeothermal 系统以内的 CO_(2) 部分压力的模拟证明排除的 CO_(2) 从含水土层发生在热水移植期间到表面。来自 Langjiu 地热的地的二氧化碳排除流动被估计是 3.6 吗?

关键词：二氧化碳分压地热田脱气西藏通量中国迁移过程化学条件

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Formations of groundwater hydrogeochemistry in a karst system during storm events as revealed by PCA

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第14期55卷 1412-1422页

作者： YANG PingHeng yuan daoxian yuan WenHao KUANG YingLun JIA Peng HE QiuFang Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Ministry of Education School of Geographical Sciences Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China The Karst Dynamics Laboratory Ministry of Land and Resources Institute of Karst Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Guilin 541004 China

High-frequency samples have been collected at Jiangjia Spring, the outlet of Qingmuguan underground river system (QURS) in Chongqing in late April, 2008. The variations of hydrogeochemical compositions are found responding rapidly to storm events. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the 20 variables is employed to interpret the relationships with specific processes that control the groundwater hydrogeochemical formations. Through PCA, 84.961% of the total amount information is extracted to indicate the formations of groundwater hydrogeochemical features in QURS during storm events. The first component separates the soil erosion (i.e., increases in turbidity and concentrations of Al3+, TFe, TMn, Ba2+ and NO2?), and dilution effect (i.e., decreases in specific conductance and concentrations of HCO3?, Ca2+ and Sr2+), accounting for 41.495% of the variability in the data. The second component indicates residual fertilizers and duck’s waste from farmlands (i.e., increases in specific conductance and concentrations of Na+, NO3-, PO43-,K+and Cl-), contributing to 37.449%. The dissolution of dolomite and dolomitic limestone makes up 6.017%. During the first rainfall event, the groundwater quality is mainly affected by residual fertilizers and duck’s waste from farmlands, whereas in the second rainfall event, it is mainly affected by increased turbidity and ionic concentrations caused by soil erosion.

关键词：水文地球化学特征主成分分析岩溶地下水化学系统风暴氯离子浓度土壤侵蚀浓度增加

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Polychlorinated biphenyls in the Nanshan Underground River,China

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2013年第4期32卷 357-366页

作者： Alam Md.Jahangir yuan daoxian JIANG Yongjun SUN Yuchuan LI Yong XU Xin School of Geographical Sciences Institute of Karst Environment and Rock Desertification RehabilitationSouthwest University

Abstract Karst areas have much higher ecological vulnerability and are easy to be contaminated by polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) which are introduced as health risk pollutants.PCBs concentrations were used to understand the transport behavior of PCBs conducted in the karst Nanshan Underground River,China.Water and sediments from the underground river water,and sediments and soil from the surface of the corresponding watershed were collected monthly in 2011 and 2012 and PCBs were analyzed.Seasonal variations were found in concentrations of PCBs both in the waters and sediments.PCBs concentrations varied from 0.3 to 29.9 ng·L-1 in the groundwater,while from 0.1 to 366.1 ng·g-1 in the underground sediments.Correlations were found in concentrations of PCBs in waters and sediments between the underground river and surface systems which indicate that the surface systems play a major role for the transport of PCBs and contamination in the underground river systems.Karst features are liable for the transport behavior.The underground river waters transport PCBs at mean 3 g·day-1.

关键词：地下河系统多氯联苯南山中国水沉积物交通行为表面系统生态脆弱性

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