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Development of a Solar Controller with MLI Control

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Circuits and Systems 2018年第2期9卷 22-40页

作者： Mamadou Wade Moussa Gueye Ousmane Sow daouda Sow Babou Dione Gregoire Sissoko Laboratory of Sciences and Techniques of Water and Environment Polytechnic School of Thiès Thiès Senegal University Institute of Technology University of Thiès Thiès Sénégal Laboratory of Semiconductors and Solar Energy Physics Department Faculty of Science and Technology University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal

This work presents the development of a solar regulator which manages the charge and discharge of a (lead) battery installed in a photovoltaic system in order to extend its lifetime. The regulator is controlled by a microcontroller (PIC16F877A) and protects the battery against overcharging, deep discharge, but also against temperature drifts. The operating principle is based on the control of a DC-DC converter by a rectangular signal MLI generated by the microcontroller. In addition to the protection function of the regulator, there is included a control and monitoring panel consisting of a visualization interface on which the system quantities can be observed. Thus, it will be given to the user to be able to act on the system. This display interface uses as a display an LCD screen and LEDs. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the operation of the proposed solar controller.

关键词： Solar Controller Three-State Charge Algorithm Battery DC/DC Converter Microcontroller Monitoring

Quantification of Ecosystem Services Provided by <i>Pterocarpus lucens</i>Lepr. Ex Guill. and Perrott.: Forage Production, Timber and Carbon Sequestration in the Biosphere Reserve of Ferlo (Northern Senegal)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第5期5卷 766-777页

作者： daouda Ngom Emile Codjo Agbangba Thioro Fall Sekouna Diatta Léonard E. Akpo Department of Agroforestery Unité de Formation et de Recherche de Sciences et Technologie (UFR ST) University Assane Seck of Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Senegal Department of Agroforestery Unité de Formation et de Recherche de Sciences et Technologie (UFR ST) University Assane Seck of Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Senegal Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Science and Technology University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar Dakar Senegal Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Science and Technology University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar Dakar Senegal

This study aims at quantifying the most important ecosystem services: forage production, timber production and carbon sequestration provided by Pterocarpus lucens to local communities of Ferlo Biosphere Reserve. The results suggested that the ecological structure of Pterocarpus lucens revealed a bell-shaped form with left dissymmetric distribution indicating a predominance of individuals with small circumference and height. A regression using the software Minitab 16, with circumference and the height as explanatory variables, has allowed a development of predictive models for the estimation of the produced forage and the quantification of the timber supplied by one of the most used plant species in Sahelian pastures. Forage production of Pterocarpus lucens was estimated at 178 kg DM/ha. This large value of forage showed the predominance of this species in animal feed in the Sahel. The quantity of wood produced was 545 kg DM/ha while the quantity of above ground sequestered carbon was 325.35 kg of C/ha. Those estimations are interesting in the implementation context of the Ferlo Biosphere Reserve which aims at matching the productive capacity of ecosystems with the needs of local communities.

关键词： Ecosystem Services Regression Forage Timber Production Carbon Sequestration

Epidemiological Study of Inflammatory Eye Diseases at the CHU-BSS of Kati

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Surgical Science 2024年第11期15卷 581-587页

作者： Konaté daouda Sall Fatou Yattara Maimouna Mariko Bréhima Sogoba Sanata Dembélé Lucienne Doumbia daouda Traoré Abdramane Camara Claude Bernard Oumar Kouma Aminata Keita Koniba Napo Abdoulaye Sylla Fatoumata Traoré Lamine Bocar Sidy Sall University Hospital (CHU-BSS) Kati Mali Sectorial Unit for the Fight against HIV/AIDS and Viral Hepatitis (CSLS-TBH) Bamako Mali University Hospital-Institute of Tropical Ophthalmology of Africa (CHU-IOTA) Bamako Mali Mali Hospital Bamako Mali International Ophthalmology Center of Mali (CIOM) Bamako Mali University of Bamako Bamako Mali

Introduction: Ocular inflammation is a frequently encountered entity in ophthalmology. Depending on the inflamed part of the eye, different forms of ocular inflammation are distinguished. The challenge for the clinician will be to differentiate a benign pathology from a serious pathology that threatens visual function and requires urgent management. The aim is to make an epidemiological analysis of inflammatory eye diseases at the CHU-BSS of Kati. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out at the CHU-BSS of Kati between January 1 and December 31, 2023 and involved 1159 patients with various inflammatory eye diseases. Results: During the study period, 1159 cases of ocular inflammation were diagnosed out of 2111 new consultations, i.e. an incidence of 54.90%. Patients aged between 0 and 20 years were more affected with 41%. Women were more affected with 63.7%. The predominant symptom was pruritus with 57.8%. The main pathologies diagnosed were dominated by allergic conjunctivitis, bacterial conjunctivitis, with respectively 57.9% and 23.4%. Discussion: The results obtained reflect the findings made in the current practice of ophthalmology. Indeed, inflammatory diseases of the ocular surface, generally benign, are more frequent than intraocular inflammations which can jeopardize the functional or even anatomical prognosis of the affected eye. Conclusion: Endoocular inflammations are less frequent. Despite the possibility of functional complications, a rigorous diagnosis and a well-conducted medical treatment overcome most inflammatory ocular diseases.

关键词： Epidemiology Inflammatory Eye-Disorders

Can Kponan Yam （Dioscorea cayenensis） Full Season Tuber Sprout If Planted？

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2014年第4期4卷 312-320页

作者： Soro Dognimeton Ayolie Koutoua Bakayoko Sidiky Dao daouda Yatty Kouadio Justin Gnakri Dago Department of Agroforestery University Jean Lorougnon Guede Daloa BP 150 Cote d Tvoire Swiss Centre for Scientific Research Abidjan 01 Cote d'lvoire

In a completely randomized blocks （RCB） plot, we planted seed from the three segments of Kponan tubers： head, median and tail portions with control Krengle. Germination began 10 d and lasted 67 d. The mean sprouting rate of the Kponan full season harvest tuber was 78.1% compared to 94% in Krengle. However, the tuber germination was progressive from head to tail with a linear evolution of the top fragments with sprouting rate up to 90% similar to Krengle. The median and distal portions sprout two and three weeks later with final raising rates reaching 68% and 71%, respectively. The full season tuber of Kponan sprouts with a good rate gave good yields for any portion of the tuber. It had a sprouting gradient oriented from the proximal portion to the distal one, while yield was better for medium seeds. The sprouting delays two weeks between proximal and medium portions and three weeks between proximal and distal portions were acceptable with regards to the total cycle of eight to nine months period. Thus, its small tubers could be planted as well as the top portion of big tuber. In terms of yield, Kponan medium seed gave the best yield 34.25 t/ha and the whole Kponan tuber yield was more than Krengle. That led to a better multiplication factor for Kponan full season tuber. The type of tuber, if available, could be used as seed for yam production. That could improve its distribution and contribute to food security.

关键词： Yam full season harvest sprout tuber yield multiplication rate C6te d'Ivoire.

Effect of Substrates on the Mycorrhization and Growth of <i>Saba senegalensis</i>under Semi-Controlled Conditions

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2019年第9期10卷 1612-1622页

作者： Paul Diouf Sire Diedhiou Dioumacor Fall daouda Ngom Mariama Dalanda Diallo Ibrahima Ndoye Agroforestry Department Assane Seck University Ziguinchor Senegal Senegalese Institute of Agricultural Research Dakar Senegal Plant Biology Department Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Agronomic Sciences of Aquaculture and Food Technology UFR UGB Saint-Louis Sénégal

Saba senegalensis is a wild edible fruit plant species with a high economic potential which can be used to fight food insecurity in rural areas and to reduce poverty. Domestication programs are being carried out to boost production. However, no studies have been done to determine the optimal soil properties for growing S. senegalensis. This study was carried out to determine the effects of the physical and chemical properties of different substrates on the mycorrhization and growth of S. senegalensis under semi-controlled conditions. S. senegalensis seeds were grown for 4 months in the nursery using five substrates: S1 (1/2 sand + 1/2 potting soil), S2 (1/3 sand + 2/3 potting soil), S3 (2/3 sand + 1/3 potting soil), S4 (potting soil) and S5 (sand). The intensity of mycorrhization was highest for plants grown on substrates with a lowest clay, silt, and nutrient content S3 (29.5%) and S5 (23.5%) respectively. Substrates with much higher clay and silt content stimulated better the growth of S. senegalensis than substrates with lower silt clay and nutrient content. In the context of domestication, the quality of the substrates could be used to stimulate the mycorrhization and the growth of S. senegalensis and thus quickly produce vigorous plants.

关键词： Mycorrhizal Intensity Nursery Physicochemical Properties Wild Fruit

Assessment of the Physico-Chemical Pollution of a Water Body in a Perspective of Integrated Water Resource Management: Case Study of NokouéLake

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2016年第5期7卷 656-669页

作者： Josué Zandagba Firmin M. Adandedji daouda Mama Amédée Chabi Abel Afouda International Chair in Mathematical Physics and Applications (ICMPA) Cotonou Benin Laboratoire d’Hydrologie Appliquée (LHA) Institut National de l’Eau Abomey-calavi Benin West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use Institut National de l’Eau Abomey-calavi Benin

Nokoué Lake is the most important surface of brackish waters of Benin and one of the biggest West African lagoons, in point of view of its surface (about 150 km2), its productivity and exploitation. The aim of this study is to monitor the temporal and spatial variation of physico-chemical parameters of Nokoué lake water for its sustainable management. A total of twenty (20) points of sampling have been followed during a period of one year. The results of the monitoring reveal low dissolved oxygen and high concentration in phosphorus and chlorophyll a, sign of eutrophication. In addition, nutrient concentrations (nitrites, phosphates, nitrates) responsible for the phenomenon compared to water quality assessment grid of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, (OECD) used to classify the waters in the range of hyper-eutrophic waters characterized by the proliferation of aquatic plants. So some measures have been proposed to remediate to this pollution in order to an integrated management.

关键词： Water Eutrophication Nutrients Nokoué Lake Pollution

Dental Caries and Associated Determinants among Students of the Military School of Saint Louis (Senegal)

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2017年第4期7卷 299-306页

作者： Massamba Diouf Mababou Kebe Mamadou Lamine Guirassy Mbathio Diop Abdoulaye Diouf Aida Kanoute Jean-Claude Guinan Amadou Dieng Abou Dramane Sanghare daouda Cisse daouda Faye Cheikh Mbacké Lo Public Health Service Department of Dentistry Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Dental Office Military Hospital Dakar Senegal Service of Periodontology Department of Dentistry Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Service of Pediatric Dentistry Department of Dentistry Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Public Health Service Faculty of Dentistry Felix H Boigny University Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

Introduction: Due to its health, social and economic morbidity, dental caries leads to absenteeism and a drop in school performance among schoolchildren. The objective of this work is to study dental caries and its determinants in pupils known as Children of Troop (CT) of the “Military School of Saint Louis” (MSS). Method: This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study. Recruitment was exhaustive. The collection was made at the school and has covered the period of March 10 throughout June 13, 2014 in an individual interview, based upon a deliberate consent, using a questionnaire drawn up on the basis of the variables studied. The bivariate analysis was done with the Epi Info software version 3.5.3. Results: The mean age of CT was 14.9. The prevalence of caries was 61.2%. Determinants related to caries were: sugar intake between meals (OR = 6.44 [3.4 - 11.9]);insufficient tooth brushing (OR = 14.3 [8.8 - 23.29]);(OR = 3.84 [2.38 - 7.14]) and for regular dental visits (OR = 5.26 [3.44 - 8.33]), with the last dental visit dating back more than one year. Conclusion: In the face of challenges of school performance of CT, it is necessary to set up a control plan focusing mainly on the factors identified and associated with dental caries in military school.

关键词： Military School Child of Troop Dental Caries Determinants

Characterization of Pyroclastic Deposit from Three Different Areas within Foumbot Region (West-Cameroon): Comparative Studies of Their Effects as Pozzolanic Materials in Mortars and Cement Manufacture

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2019年第11期7卷 195-209页

作者： Mahomed Aziz Mounjouohou Amidou Moundi Benjamin Ntieche daouda Dawai Frédéric Michel Department of Earth Sciences University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Department of Earth Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaounde Cameroon Higher Teacher Training College Geology laboratory University of Yaoundé I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Architecture Geology Environment and Construction University of Liege Liege Belgium

Pyroclastics which are known natural pozzolanic materials due to amorphous contents, are present in several areas of the Mbepit Massif in West Cameroon. In this work natural pozzolan from three zones namely Pouoloum, Njimbouot and Nkouonja were characterized. A comparative study was then developed to attest the effect of these pyroclastics as partial substitution in portland cement. The mixtures were made at different pozzolanic proportions (00%, 10%, 15%, 25% and 35%) of substitution of the cement. The compressive and flexibility strength was carried out at 7, 28 and 90 days on mortar specimens (4 × 4 × 16 cm3). The results revealed apozzolanicactivity index of 81.99 %, 83.47% and 74.54% respectively for rock sample from Pouoloum (PCB), sample from Njimbouot (PCC) and sample from Nkouonja (PCN). After 90 days, for a substitution rate of 25% compressive strength are respectively 55.69 MPa, 60.4 MPa, 53.34 MPa for PCB, PCC and PCN. According to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C618 classification, the pyroclastics are in accordance with all the criteria to be classified as pozzolan. Independent of the substitution rate, the mechanical performance increases with age in PCB, PCC and PCN. However PCC is most reactive than PCB and PCN. This may be due to the amorphous reactive content in this material and can be linked to the eruptive dynamisms which were more explosive in some areas than in others. The amorphous content is 32.01%, 36.99%, 24.84% for PCB, PCC and PCN respectively. These results also prove that Natural Pozzolan is interesting in the manufacture of composite cement CEM II, CEM IV in accordance with EN197-1 or can be added in mortar for buildings and sustainable environmental management.

关键词： Pyroclastics Pozzolanic Activity Compressive Strength Composite Cement Natural Pozzolan Mbepit Massif

Interventional Ultrasound in Ambulatory Urological Practice: Experience of the Medicis Clinic in Conakry

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第8期14卷 458-473页

作者： daouda Kanté Alexandre Vahina Gamamou Lahoumbo Ricardo Gnammi Aboubacar Cherif Abdoulaye Bobo Diallo Telly Sy Urology Department Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques Conakry Ignace Deen National Hospital in Conakry Conakry Guinea Medicis Clinic Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Minimally invasive urological interventions have long been practiced blindly in our context. The popularization of ultrasound in urological practice has contributed to changing habits by making the procedures safer and more effective. The objective of this work was to study the technical aspects, indications and results of minimally invasive urological procedures guided by ultrasound. Material and methods: This was a prospective descriptive study lasting 1 year from January to December 2023 at the Médicis clinic in Conakry. Results: We carried out 126 ultrasound-guided urological interventions in one year, including 6 percutaneous nephrostomies (NPC), one renal cyst puncture-aspiration-sclerotherapy, 102 prostate biopsies, 5 drainages by transrectal aspiration of prostatic abscesses, 10 placements of cystostomy probes. Suprapubic, 2 puncture-aspiration-sclerotherapies for vaginal hydroceles. The average age of our patients was 69 years and the predominant age range was 61 - 70. The majority of our patients were male (97.61%) with a sex ratio of 41 men to one woman. Ultrasound-guided urological interventions were for diagnostic purposes (80.95%), for therapeutic purposes (15.77%) and for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes (3.96%). The indications for ultrasound-guided urological interventions were dominated by prostate pathologies (84.91%). The majority of interventions were performed rectally (84.92%) versus (13.43%) abdominally and only 1.58% scrotalally. All procedures were performed in B-ultrasound mode under local anesthesia and on an outpatient basis. For therapeutic interventions, the patients were seen again one month after the procedure, the clinical examination and ultrasound control found the evolution to be favorable. Conclusion: ultrasound is useful in urological practice for guiding minimally invasive interventions. The indications for ultrasound-guided procedures in urology are dominated by prostate pathologies. These procedures are safe

关键词： Biopsy Ultrasound-Guided Interventions Minimally Invasive Nephrostomy