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New insights on the origin of the basement of the Xisha Uplift,South China Sea

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第12期60卷 2214-2222页

作者： ZHU WeiLin XIE XiNong WANG ZhenFeng zhang daojun zhang ChengLi CAO LiCheng SHAO Lei State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources Ministry of EducationChina University of Geoscience(Wuhan)Wuhan 430074China Zhanjiang Branch CNOOC LimitedZhanjiang 524057China Department of Geology Northwestern UniversityXi'an 710069China

The study of basement geochronology provides crucial insights into the tectonic evolution of oceans. However, early studies on the basement of the Xisha Uplift were constrained by limited geophysical and seismic data; Xiyong1 was the only commercial borehole drilled during the 1970 s because of the huge thickness of overlying Cenozoic strata on the continental margin. Utilizing two newly-acquired basement samples from borehole XK1, we present petrological analysis and zircon uranium(U)-lead(Pb) isotope dating data in this paper that enhance our understanding of the formation and tectonic features of the Xisha Uplift basement. Results indicate that this basement is composed of Late Jurassic amphibole plagiogneisses that have an average zircon 206 Pb/238 U age of 152.9±1.7 Ma. However, the youngest age of these rocks, 137±1 Ma, also suggests that metamorphism termination within the Xisha basement occurred by the Early Cretaceous. These metamorphic rocks have adamellites underneath them which were formed by magmatic intrusions during the late stage of the Early Cretaceous(107.8±3.6 Ma). Thus, in contrast to the Precambrian age(bulk rubidium(Rb)-strontium(Sr) analysis, 627 Ma) suggested by previous work on the nearby Xiyong1 borehole, zircons from XK1 are likely the product of Late Mesozoic igneous activity. Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous regional metamorphism and granitic intrusions are not confined to Xisha; rocks have also been documented from areas including the Pearl River Mouth Basin and the Nansha Islands(Spratly Islands) and thus are likely closely related to large-scale and long-lasting subduction of the paleo-Pacific plate underneath the continental margins of East Asia, perhaps the result of closure of the Meso-Tethys in the South China Sea(SCS). Controversies remain as to whether, or not, the SCS region developed initially on a uniform Precambrian-aged metamorphic crystalline basement. It is clear, however, that by this time both Mesozoic compressive subduct

关键词： South China Sea Xisha Islands Basement Mesozoic Zircon dating

The relative changes of a sea surface temperature in the South China Sea since the Pliocene

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2019年第3期38卷 78-92页

作者： Dongjie Bi daojun zhang Shikui Zhai Xinyu Liu Chun Xiu Xiaofeng Liu Aibin zhang Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques of Ministry of Education College of Marine Geosciences Ocean University of China Zhanjiang Branch Institute of China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) Limited

The reconstruction of sea surface temperature(SST) is a key issue in research on paleoceanography. The recently related studies are mainly concentrated on the Quaternary. The skeletons of a typical species of benthonic foraminifer(Amphistegina radiata) in the top 0–375.30 m interval of Well "Xike-1" reef core, Shidao Island, the Xisha Islands, are uniformly selected. The ratios of magnesium to calcium concentrations and other indicators are analyzed by an electron microprobe analysis(EMPA) with the purpose of estimating the paleo-SSTs since the Pliocene and further investigating the periodic change law of paleoclimate in the South China Sea(SCS).Meanwhile, the geologic significance of paleoclimatic events in the SCS is discussed with global perspectives. The results indicate that the paleo-SSTs reconstructed by the ratios of magnesium to calcium concentrations in the SCS show a general periodic trend of "high–low–high–low" in values changes since the Pliocene. By comparison,the fluctuations of reconstructed paleo-SSTs are much stronger in the Quaternary. Moreover, the variations of the ratios of magnesium to calcium concentrations in the A. radiata skeletons have recorded a series of major paleoclimatic events since the Pliocene, of which the Quaternary glaciation events and the Arctic ice cap forming events during the late Pliocene are more significant. Thus, using the changes of the ratios of magnesium to calcium concentrations in the A. radiata skeletons from Well "Xike-1" reef core to reflect the relative changes of paleo-SSTs is a relatively feasible and reliable way in the SCS, which is also proved by the correlation of drilling cores characteristics in this area.

关键词： the ratios of magnesium to calcium concentrations benthonic foraminifera sea surface temperature paleoclimatic events

Astronomical tuning and magnetostratigraphy of Neogene biogenic reefs in Xisha Islands, South China Sea

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Science Bulletin 2018年第9期63卷 564-573页

作者： Liang Yi Zhimin Jian Xinyu Liu Youhua Zhu daojun zhang Zhenfeng Wang Chenglong Deng State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Laboratory for Marine Geology. Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266061 China China National Offshore Oil Corporation Ltd. Zhanjiang Branch Zhanjiang 524057 China Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology. Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution. Institute of Geology and Geophysics. Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Institutions of Earth Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Beijing 100049 China

Biogenic reefs are one of two major depositional types in the South China Sea, and are constructed by coral, algae and bryozoa. The West Pacific is a major area of biogenic reef development and plays a critical role in the global carbon cycle. However, the lack of geochronological studies in previous works inhibits our understanding of their contributions. Herein, we conduct a cyclostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic study on Neogene biogenic reefs using the XK–1 core that was drilled at the Shidao Island,Xisha(Paracel) Islands. The main findings of this study are:(1) the establishment of reliable magentostratigraphy for Ledong, Huangliu, Meishan and Sanya Formations;(2) the magnetic susceptibility variation can be inferred as growth index and tuned to the 405–ka long eccentricity cycle;(3) the astronomical geochronology suggests that the bottom ages for Ledong, Yinggehai, Huangliu, Meishan,and Sanya Formations are 2.2 Ma, 5.7 Ma, 10.4 Ma, 16.6 Ma, and 24.3 Ma, respectively; and (4) Earth's eccentricity and obliquity played predominant roles in biogenic reef establishment on orbital to tectonic timescales. Thus, the reported geochronology offers an opportunity to test the contributions of various factors and hypothesize their roles in the global carbon cycle in future.

关键词： Astronomical tuning Magentostratigraphy Magnetic susceptibility Biogenic reefs Neogene South China Sea

Solvothermal Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Photoluminescent Property of a Novel 3D [Ca2（HCOO）2（nds）（H2O）2]n

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2014年第1期30卷 9-12页

作者： WANG Shuang zhang Renchun WANG Junjie SHEN Lanlan ZENG Ying zhang daojun College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 P. R. China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anyang Normal University Anyang 455002 P. R. China

A novel calcium（Ⅱ） metal-organic framework [Ca2（HCOO）2（nds）（H2O）2]n（1） with mixed 1,5-naphthalenedisulfonate sodium salt（1,5-nds） and formate as organic ligands has been obtained under solvothermal *** was found that theμ3-η2∶η2 bridging mode of HCOO-in compound 1 is ***,the formate,which was in situ formed from N,N＇-dimethylformamide,played an important role in the formation of 3D ***-ligands bridged Ca（Ⅱ） ions into grid-like layers that were further pillared by the 1,5-nds ligand to form a 3D Ca-based *** 1 also exhibits a strong blue luminescence at room temperature.

关键词： Naphthalenedisulfonate Luminescence property Metal-organic framework

A Novel Metal-organic Framework Using Heterometallic Tetranuclear Cluster as Secondary Building Block and Isophthalic Acid as Ligand

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2016年第5期32卷 709-712页

作者： BAI Helong zhang daojun zhang Renchun WANG Junjie ZENG Shuangli FAN Yong XU Jianing zhang Ping College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anyang Normal University Anyang 455002 P. R. China

A novel heterometallic-organic framework（HMOF）, namely [ZnBa（1,3-BDC）2（DMA）2],（I）（DMA=N,N- dimethylacetamide）, was synthesized by means of solvothermal method from isophthalic acid（1,3-BDC） ligand and relevant metal salts as raw materials. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis result demonstrates that compound 1 is a three-dimensional（3D） framework including heterometallic tetranuclear [Zn2Ba2（COO）s] clusters as building subunits, which could be simplified into an eight-connected body-centered cubic（bcu） topological net. At room tem- perature, compound l displays strong blue luminescence in solid state. Furthermore, the quantum yield and lumines- cent lifetime of compound 1 were also measured.

关键词： Barium Isophthalic acid Solvothermal Luminescence property Heterometallic-organic framework

Geochemical Characteristics of the Trace and Rare Earth Elements in Reef Carbonates from the Xisha Islands(South China Sea): Implications for Sediment Provenance and Paleoenvironment

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2019年第6期18卷 1291-1301页

作者： BI Dongjie ZHAI Shikui zhang daojun XIU Chun LIU Xinyu LIU Xiaofeng JIANG Longjie zhang Aibin Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques Ministry of EducationCollege of Marine GeosciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Zhanjiang Branch Institute of China National Offshore Oil Corporation(CNOOC)Limited Zhanjiang 524057China North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266033China

Based on the concentrations of the trace elements,rare earth elements(REE),and Sr isotopic compositions in reef carbonates from the well‘Xike-1’reef core of the Xisha Islands,the constraints on sediment provenance and paleoenvironment were *** of the terrigenous input into the paleoseawater were traced in detail and the paleoenvironment and sediment provenance were further *** results show that the HREE/LREE values in the reef carbonates are negatively associated with their Th and Al concentrations;however,their Al and Th concentrations show positive *** lowest 87 Sr/86 Sr values in the reef carbonates generally coincide with the lowest values of Al,Th concentrations and the highest values of HREE/*** data indicate that the HREE/LREE,Al concentrations,and Th concentrations of the reef carbonates are useful indexes for evaluating the influence of the terrigenous inputs on the seawater composition in the study *** top to bottom,the changing process of the HREE/LREE values and Al,Th concentrations can be divided into 6 intervals;they are H1(0–89.30 m,about 0–0.11 Myr),L1(89.30–198.30 m,about 0.11–2.2 Myr),H2(198.30–374.95 m,about 2.2–5.3 Myr),D(374.95–758.40 m,about 5.3–13.6 Myr),L2(758.40–976.86 m,about 13.6–15.5 Myr),and H3(976.86–1200.00 m,about 15.5–21.5 Myr).Moreover,the changing trend of the HREE/LREE values coincides with that of the seawater δ^13C values recorded by benthonic foraminiferal skeletons from the drill core of ODP site 1148 in the South China Sea(SCS),but not with that of the seawaterδ18O *** high uplifting rates of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau coincide with the high Th and Al concentrations and the low HREE/LREE values in the reef *** data indicate that the main factors controlling the changes of terrigenous flux in the SCS are the tectonic activities associated with Qinghai-Tibet Plateau uplifting and the variations of uplifting rates rather than paleoclimatic changes.

关键词： trace and rare earth elements paleoenvironmental and sediment provenance reef carbonates the South China Sea(SCS) the uplift of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Evolution of deepwater sedimentary environments and its implication for hydrocarbon exploration in Qiongdongnan Basin, northwestern South China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2015年第4期34卷 1-10页

作者： WANG Zhenfeng JIANG Tao zhang daojun WANG Yahui ZUO Qianmei HE Weijun Zhanjiang Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) Limited Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology

Over the past several years, a number of hydrocarbon reservoirs have been discovered in the deepwater area of Qiongdongnan Basin, northwestern South China Sea. These oil/gas fields demonstrate that the evolution of the deepwater sedimentary environment are controlling the formation and distribution of large-scale clastic reservoirs. Integration between seismic and borehole data were necessary to best clarify the distribution and quality of these deepwater reservoirs. Geochemical and paleobiological evidence from discrete samples was also applied to document specific information regarding the sedimentary environment. Results show that the Qiongdongnan Basin has existed as a thriving marine environment since Oligocene, when several rifting depressions developed throughout the entire Qiongdongnan Basin. Triggered by the faults activities, several distinct provenances supplied the coarse sediments, transporting and depositing them in deep parts of the rifting depressions. A fan delta system then formed nearby the source in the deeper area of these rifting depressions. The sedimentary environment of Qiongdongnan gradiationally became deepwater since early Miocene. Consequently, abundances of sediments were transported from Hainan Island and Southern Uplift, and then sunk into the basin center. The submarine fans revealed by many boreholes in this area verified them as good reservoir. Because the area reached its lowest sea level at late Miocene and the Southern Uplift subsidenced under sea level, not providing any sediment, so that the carbonate mesa and biorhythms characteristic of this area also developed during this period. In the west part of Qiongdongnan Basin, sediments transported from Vietnam increased in response to the Tibetan Uplift. Consequently, a central canyon developed along the center of Qiongdongnan Basin, which has been confirmed by several boreholes as a favorable hydrocarbon reservoir. The clarification of the deepwater sedimentary environment’s evol

关键词： deepwater environment Qiongdongnan Basin hydrocarbon exploration central canyon submarine fan

Difference in full-filled time and its controlling factors in the Central Canyon of the Qiongdongnan Basin

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2015年第10期34卷 81-89页

作者： SHANG Zhilei XIE Xinong LI Xushen zhang daojun HE Yunlong YANG Xing CUI Mingzhe Key Laboratory of Tectonics & Petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Zhanjiang Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation(CNOOC) Limited Hubei Shale Gas Development Co. Ltd. Bohai Oilfield Research Institute Tianjin Branch of CNOOC Limited

Based on the interpretation of high resolution 2D/3D seismic data, sedimentary filling characteristics and full- filled time of the Central Canyon in different segments in the Qiongdongnan Basin of northwestern South China Sea have been studied. The research results indicate that the initial formation age of the Central Canyon is traced back to 11.6 Ma （T40）, at which the canyon began to develop due to the scouring of turbidity currents from west to east. During the period of 11.6-8.2 Ma （T40-T31）, strong downcutting by gravity flow occurred, which led to the formation of the canyon. The canyon fillings began to form since 8.2 Ma （T31） and were dominated by turbidite deposits, which constituted of lateral migration and vertical superposition of turbidity channels during the time of 8.2-5.5 Ma. The interbeds of turbidity currents deposits and mass transport deposits （MTDs） were developed in the period of 5.5-3.8 Ma （T30-T28）. After then, the canyon fillings were primarily made up of large scale MTDs, interrupted by small scale turbidity channels and thin pelagic mudstones. The Central Canyon can be divided into three types according to the main controlling factors, geomorphology-controlled, fault-controlled and intrusion- modified canyons. Among them, the geomorphology-controlled canyon is developed at the Ledong, Lingshui, Songnan and western Baodao Depressions, situated in a confined basin center between the northern slope and the South Uplift Belt along the Central Depression Belt. The fault-controlled canyon is developed mainly along the deep-seated faults in the Changchang Depression and eastern Baodao Depression. Intrusion-modified canyon is only occurred in the Songnan Low Uplift, which is still mainly controlled by geomorphology, the intrusion just modified seabed morphology. The full-filled time of the Central Canyon differs from west to east, displaying a tendency of being successively late eastward. The geomorphology-controlled canyon was completely filled

关键词： South China Sea Qiongdongnan Basin Central Canyon sedimentary filling full-filled time

Novel synthesis of fly-ash-derived Cu-loaded SAPO-34 catalysts and their use in selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3

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Green Energy & Environment 2019年第4期4卷 470-482页

作者： Ge Li Baodong Wang Qi Sun Wayne Qiang Xu Ziran Ma Hongyan Wang daojun zhang Jiali Zhou National Institute of Clean-and-Low-Carbon Energy

A combined acid–alkali hydrothermal method was used to prepare fly ash–derived SAPO-34 molecular sieves from a thermal power plant in Inner Mongolia(China).The specific surface area of the prepared fly-ash-derived SAPO-34 molecular sieves was 579 m^2 g^-1,the total pore volume was about 0.27 cm^3 g^-1,and the pore size was 0.56 nm;the molar ratios of Al2O3:P2O5:SiO2 were 1:0.86:***/SAPO-34 catalysts were prepared by impregnation of low-cost fly-ash-derived SAPO-34 molecular sieves as a support and tested in selective catalytic reduction with NH3(NH3-SCR).Powder X-ray diffraction(XRD),N2 adsorption–desorption,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),H2 temperatureprogrammed reduction(H2-TPR),NH3 temperature-programmed desorption(NH3-TPD),electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR),nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),X-ray fluorescence analysis(XRF)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)were used for catalyst characterization and investigation of the relationships between the catalyst structure and the catalytic *** actual silica:alumina ratio of the molecular sieves did not increase with increasing Cu loading,indicating that increasing the Cu loading does not change the original structure of the SAPO-34 molecular *** XRF and NMR results showed that replacement by Cu results in more Si *** molecular sieve acidity decreased because of the increased number of Si *** NH3-TPD results showed that for the Cu/SAPO-34 catalysts there was a low correlation between the low-temperature activity and the amount of acidic *** activity is closely related to the location of *** 4.47 Cu/SAPO-34 catalyst has the highest isolated Cu2+showed the highest NH3-SCR activities(>90%)at 250–350℃.This work opens up new avenues for recycling fly ash formed in coal-fired power plants(reducing environmental pollution)and developing low-cost SCR catalysts for NOx pollution control.

关键词： Fly-ash-derived SAPO-34 Low-temperature NH3-SCR Cu/SAPO-34 Cu content Cu species