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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年第1期 82-84页

作者： Meng xiang Kai DENG Tianyu WANG Jinpeng LIU Xue DONG Teli XI Fei LIU Xiaopeng SHAO School of Optoelectronic Engineering Xidian University Xi'an Key Laboratory of Computational Imaging National Key Laboratory of Infrared Detection Technologies

High-resolution imaging through randomly dynamic scattered fields and highly scattered walls is an extensively sought-after capability with potential applications in various fields such as underwater imaging, biomedical imaging, and seeing through fog. Numerous methods have been proposed to unscramble object information from degraded scattered images, resulting in considerable improvements in image contrast in degraded scenarios [1].

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Pro-resolving lipid mediator reduces amyloid-β42–induced gene expression in human monocyte–derived microglia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 873-886页

作者： Ying Wang xiang Zhang Henrik Biverstål Nicolas GBazan Shuai Tan Nailin Li Makiko Ohshima Marianne Schultzberg Xiaofei Li Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences&SocietyDivision of NeurogeriatricsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Department of Neurology Neuroscience CenterThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Karolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden Neuroscience Center of Excellence Louisiana State UniversityNew OrleansLAUSA Department of Medicine SolnaClinical Pharmacology GroupKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden

Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators including maresin 1 mediate resolution but the levels of these are reduced in Alzheimer's disease brain, suggesting that they constitute a novel target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease to prevent/stop inflammation and combat disease pathology. Therefore, it is important to clarify whether they counteract the expression of genes and proteins induced by amyloid-β. With this objective, we analyzed the relevance of human monocyte–derived microglia for in vitro modeling of neuroinflammation and its resolution in the context of Alzheimer's disease and investigated the pro-resolving bioactivity of maresin 1 on amyloid-β42–induced Alzheimer's disease–like inflammation. Analysis of RNA-sequencing data and secreted proteins in supernatants from the monocyte-derived microglia showed that the monocyte-derived microglia resembled Alzheimer's disease–like neuroinflammation in human brain microglia after incubation with amyloid-β42. Maresin 1 restored homeostasis by down-regulating inflammatory pathway related gene expression induced by amyloid-β42 in monocyte-derived microglia, protection of maresin 1 against the effects of amyloid-β42 is mediated by a re-balancing of inflammatory transcriptional networks in which modulation of gene transcription in the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway plays a major part. We pinpointed molecular targets that are associated with both neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and therapeutic targets by maresin 1. In conclusion, monocyte-derived microglia represent a relevant in vitro microglial model for studies on Alzheimer's disease-like inflammation and drug response for individual patients. Maresin 1 ameliorates amyloid-β42–induced changes in several genes of importance in Alzheimer's disease, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyloid-β maresin microglia monocyte neuroinflammation resolution RNA-sequencing specialized pro-resolving lipid mediator

胆道生态系统：全局视角下的胆道外科关键科学问题

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中华外科杂志 2025年第1期63卷 39-44页

作者：王向付静海军军医大学第三附属医院胆道二科上海海军军医大学国家肝癌科学中心上海

随着胆道外科现代诊疗体系的建立与科学研究范式的转变, 无论是良性还是恶性胆道疾病, 均已进入精准化、个体化、全程化及多学科协作的诊疗和研究阶段。然而胆道外科医师仍面临着两大困境:(1)外科技术在降低良性胆道疾病致残率、提高胆... 详细信息

随着胆道外科现代诊疗体系的建立与科学研究范式的转变, 无论是良性还是恶性胆道疾病, 均已进入精准化、个体化、全程化及多学科协作的诊疗和研究阶段。然而胆道外科医师仍面临着两大困境:(1)外科技术在降低良性胆道疾病致残率、提高胆道肿瘤患者生存率方面进入了瓶颈期;(2)对于"切胆保胆""如何减黄"等临床争议, 传统的临床研究似乎难以给出确切答案。借鉴系统生物学的理念, 作者提出了"胆道生态系统"的概念框架:胆管是丛林, 血管、淋巴管、神经和免疫系统是土壤, 干细胞是种子, 胆汁是河流, 肝细胞是河流的发源地。良恶性疾病具有动态转化的特征;不同部位的胆管构成"大"环境, 胆汁形成"小"环境, 不同细胞组成"微"环境;细胞亚群具有不同状态及多样性, 并受复杂分子信号网络的调控。作者据此进一步凝练了胆道外科的若干关键科学问题, 提出了优化研究范式的建议, 旨在从全局视角推动学科交叉融合, 推动胆道外科临床及转化研究。

关键词：胆道疾病胆道肿瘤胆道生态系统普通外科学范式转变多组学技术

Perilipin-2 mediates ferroptosis in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and myelin injury after ischemic stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2015-2028页

作者： Jian Yang Jiang Wu Xueshun Xie Pengfei Xia Jinxin Lu Jiale Liu Lei Bai xiang Li Zhengquan Yu Haiying Li Department of Neurosurgery&Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Institute of Stroke Research Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina

Differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells into mature myelin-forming oligodendrocytes contributes to *** of remyelination due to oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death can result in severe nerve *** is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death caused by membrane rupture induced by lipid peroxidation,and plays an important role in the pathological process of ischemic ***,there are few studies on oligodendrocyte progenitor cell *** analyzed transcriptome sequencing data from GEO databases and identified a role of ferroptosis in oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death and myelin injury after cerebral *** analysis suggested that perilipin-2(PLIN2)was involved in oligodendrocyte progenitor cell ***2 is a lipid storage protein and a marker of hypoxia-sensitive lipid droplet *** further investigation,we established a mouse model of cerebral ischemia/*** found significant myelin damage after cerebral ischemia,as well as oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death and increased lipid peroxidation levels around the infarct *** ferroptosis inhibitor,ferrostatin-1,rescued oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death and subsequent myelin *** also found increased PLIN2 levels in the peri-infarct area that co-localized with oligodendrocyte progenitor ***2 knockdown rescued demyelination and improved neurological *** findings suggest that targeting PLIN2 to regulate oligodendrocyte progenitor cell ferroptosis may be a potential therapeutic strategy for rescuing myelin damage after cerebral ischemia.

关键词： bioinformatics bulk RNA sequencing ferroptosis ischemic stroke myelin injury oligodendrocyte progenitor cell perilipin-2 single-cell RNA sequencing

Direct Photolithography of WO_x Nanoparticles for High-Resolution Non-Emissive Displays

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NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2025年第1期17卷 1-13页

作者： Gu, Chang Yang, Guojian Wang, Wenxuan Shi, Aiyan Fang, Wenjuan Qian, Lei Hu, Xiaofei Zhang, Ting xiang, Chaoyu Zhang, Yu-Mo Chinese Acad Sci Ningbo Inst Mat Technol & Engn Lab Optoelect Informat Technol & Devices Ningbo 315201 Peoples R China Qianwan Inst CNITECH Hangzhou Bay Lab Adv Nanooptoelectron Mat & Device Ningbo 315336 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Innovat Ctr Yangtze River Delta Smart Mat Architecture Res Lab Jiaxing 314100 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Hefei 230026 Peoples R China Jilin Univ Coll Chem State Key Lab Supramol Struct & Mat Changchun 130012 Peoples R China

High-resolution non-emissive displays based on electrochromic tungsten oxides (WOx) are crucial for future near-eye virtual/augmented reality interactions, given their impressive attributes such as high environmental stability, ideal outdoor readability, and low energy consumption. However, the limited intrinsic structure of inorganic materials has presented a significant challenge in achieving precise patterning/pixelation at the micron scale. Here, we successfully developed the direct photolithography for WOx nanoparticles based on in situ photo-induced ligand exchange. This strategy enabled us to achieve ultra-high resolution efficiently (line width m, the best resolution for reported inorganic electrochromic materials). Additionally, the resulting device exhibited impressive electrochromic performance, such as fast response ( 3600 cycles), as well as promising applications in electronic logos, pixelated displays, flexible electronics, etc. The success and advancements presented here are expected to inspire and accelerate research and development (R&D) in high-resolution non-emissive displays and other ultra-fine micro-electronics.

关键词： Electrochromic Direct photolithography WOx nanoparticles In situ photo-induced ligand exchange High-resolution displays

Visualization of the protective role of estrogen against female liver fibrosis via an ER viscosity NIR fluorescent probe

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期 360-368页

作者： Zheng Liu Changyu Zhang Zipeng Li Wanying Ma Jia Liu xiang Xia Ning Xu Wen Sun Jianjun Du Jiangli Fan Xiaojun Peng State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology

Endoplasmic reticulum(ER) viscosity has emerged as a new potential biomarker for hepatic fibrosis(HF). Herein, we report the first ER-targeting viscosity-responsive near-infrared(NIR) fluorescent probe HBT-PP for investigations of HF *** twisted intramolecular charge transfer(TICT) and the excited state intramolecular proton transfer(ESIPT) are combined to endow HBT-PP with the selective response towards viscosity(～62-fold) and a super large stokes shift(～320 nm). HBT-PP mainly targets organelle ER and is able to image the drug-or alcohol-induced viscosity elevation in living cells. Significantly,HBT-PP was successfully applied to visualize the gender difference in HF and the protective role of estrogen in restraining HF progression. Of note, after 10 min of stain with HBT-PP, HF lesions showed a stage-based response, indicating the potential of this probe in fast and early diagnosis of HF. These results clearly demonstrated the promising application of HBT-PP as a new tool for exploring ER viscosity-involved physiological and pathological processes.

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“寒门贵子”是“补偿”还是“选拔”出来的?——对两所精英大学2018—2023年高校专项计划招生的追踪研究

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华东师范大学学报（教育科学版） 2025年第1期43卷 113-126页

作者：金文旺柳夕浪北京师范大学中国教育与社会发展研究院北京100875 山东师范大学教育学部济南250014

高校专项计划是我国促进高质量教育公平、破解农村学生上好大学难而出台的一项入学机会补偿政策。综合运用描述性统计方法,本研究对两所精英大学2018—2023年间高校专项计划的选录情况进行了持续追踪研究。从初审、降分、录取人数的总... 详细信息

高校专项计划是我国促进高质量教育公平、破解农村学生上好大学难而出台的一项入学机会补偿政策。综合运用描述性统计方法,本研究对两所精英大学2018—2023年间高校专项计划的选录情况进行了持续追踪研究。从初审、降分、录取人数的总体规模及变化趋势看,近几年高校专项计划政策力度不断加大,越来越多的寒门子弟进入精英高校。同时,精英大学高校专项计划实际招生呈现“补偿不均,选拔有余”的鲜明特点,经济欠发达、教育发展水平薄弱省域的农村学生和学校在该计划中并未获得更多优质高校入学机会的补偿,一个重要原因在于他们在高校自主选拔和高考选拔中处于劣势。为此,应调整高校专项计划招生办法及相关政策,确立“补偿为主,兼顾选拔”的价值导向并切实付诸实践,推进“实质的公平”。

关键词：高校专项计划补偿选拔教育公平精英大学

Tectonic modes of mantle convection and their implications for Earth's tectonic evolution based on three-dimensional numerical simulations

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期 270-296页

作者： Song xiang Jinshui HUANG Bingcheng WU School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China CAS Center of Excellence in Comparative Planetary Studies

Five tectonic modes of mantle convection are obtained and analyzed with three-dimensional numerical models in a spherical shell domain. The five tectonic convective modes are non-plate mobile-lid, plate-like mobile-lid, episodic plate-like mobile-lid, episodic stagnant-lid, and stagnant-lid convective modes, respectively. The typical characteristics of these five tectonic modes and their numerical classification criteria based on plateness, mobility, and their standard deviations are presented and discussed. The results show that the yield stress of the lithosphere has profound effects on the tectonic convective *** the gradual increase of yield stress, the tectonic mode of mantle convection changes from one to another sequentially through the aforementioned five modes. Additionally, as the Rayleigh number increases, the range of yield stress for the platelike mobile-lid convective mode decreases, and the dimensionless transition stress between different tectonic modes ***, the dimensional transition stress between the non-plate mobile-lid convective mode and plate-like mobile-lid convective mode increases with the increase of Rayleigh number, but decreases between other tectonic modes. Furthermore, we find that the transition stress between different tectonic modes is inversely proportional to the internal heating rate, with the transition stress decreasing as the internal heating rate increases. The fitting analysis of the transition stress between tectonic modes shows that Earth's current plate tectonics correspond to a lithospheric yield stress of 150–250 MPa, which aligns with the strength of serpentinized mantle rock determined by experimental petrography. If the Archean mantle was 300°C warmer than it is today, then the Earth was in an episodic stagnant-lid convective mode. The tectonic evolution of the Earth's surface is closely related to the lithospheric strength and the process of thermal evolution. If the lithospheric strength w

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Decentralized fault diagnosis of discrete-event systems with unreliable sensors using linear temporal logic

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期 322-341页

作者： Weijie DONG Shaoyuan LI xiang YIN Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of EducationDepartment of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University

In this paper,we investigate a decentralized diagnosis problem of a discrete-evnt system(DES) subject to unreliable sensors,where the sensor observations of local diagnosers may be non-deterministic as a result of possible *** studies on decentralized robust diagnosis can only deal with different types of sensor failures separately,e.g.,all sensors suffer from the same type of sensor failures such as intermittent sensor failures or permanent sensor ***,since sensors of different local diagnosers may face different external environments and have different internal characteristics,sensors corresponding to different local diagnosers may also have their own fault *** this paper,we propose a flexible framework of decentralized diagnosis for DES subject to unreliable sensors such that sensors of different local diagnosers are permitted to have different types of sensor *** this end,we extend the existing decentralized diagnosis framework to the case where there exist common sensors broadcasting their observations to all local *** apply linear temporal logic(LTL) to constrain infinite behaviors of private sensors of local diagnosers and common ***,a new notion of φ-codiagnosability is proposed as the necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a decentralized diagnoser that works correctly under sensors,satisfying LTL-based sensor ***,we provide an effective approach to verify the φ-codiagnosability.

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新质生产力赋能乡村数字化治理:运作机理、实践悖论与风险规避

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河北学刊 2025年第1期45卷 202-209页

作者：王鹏王向清湘潭大学湘潭大学马克思主义学院

作为新时代乡村治理现代化的发展目标,乡村数字化治理是推进乡村振兴的关键环节。新质生产力赋能乡村数字化治理具有多重实施路径,通过“人的现代化”“物的现代化”“治理的现代化”与“技术的现代化”,立体构成赋能进程的运作机理。... 详细信息

作为新时代乡村治理现代化的发展目标,乡村数字化治理是推进乡村振兴的关键环节。新质生产力赋能乡村数字化治理具有多重实施路径,通过“人的现代化”“物的现代化”“治理的现代化”与“技术的现代化”,立体构成赋能进程的运作机理。在赋能过程中所呈现的实践悖论具体表征为乡村数字化治理需求显现脱节情形、乡村建设基础设施伴生缺失风险、乡村数字化治理专业人才短缺、乡村数字化治理泛起内源动力不足、城乡之间数字鸿沟愈加凸显等客观现象,从而阻滞了乡村数字化治理的实践进程。为消解新质生产力赋能乡村数字化治理的实践偏差,应实现治理内容的有效融合与治理需求的有效对接,助推数字设施的广泛普及与乡村资源的充分开发,推动专业人才的重点培育与治理主体数字素养的全面提升,促进内源动力的有效激活与公共合作精神的最终形成,提升新质技术的发展水平与赋能发展的制度保障。

关键词：新质生产力乡村数字化治理运作机理实践悖论风险规避