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Development of CONTHAC-3D and hydrogen distribution analysis of HPR1000

Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 210-221页

作者： Hui Wang jing-jing Li Yuan Chang Gong-Lin Li ming Ding China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.LTD. Beijing 100084China Fundamental Science on Nuclear Safety and Simulation Technology Laboratory Harbin 100049China

An in-house code,CONTHAC-3D,was developed to calculate and analyze thermal-hydraulic phenomena in containments during severe ***-3D is a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics code that can be applied to predict gas flow,diffusion,and steam condensation in a containment during a severe hypothetical accident,as well as to obtain an estimate of the local hydrogen concentration in various zones of the ***-3D was developed using multiple models to simulate the features of the proprietary systems and equipment of HPR1000 and ACP100,such as the passive cooling system,passive autocatalytic recombiners and the passive air cooling *** validate CONTHAC-3D,a GX6 test was performed at the Battelle Model Containment *** hydrogen concentration and temperature monitored by the GX6 test are accurately predicted by ***,the hydrogen distribution in the HPR1000 containment during a severe accident was *** results show that the hydrogen removal rates calculated using CONTHAC-3D for different types of PARs agree well with the theoretical values,with an error of less than 1%.As the accident progresses,the hydrogen concentration in the lower compartment becomes higher than that in the large space,which implies that the lower compartment has a higher hydrogen risk than the dome and large space at a later stage of the *** amount of hydrogen removed by the PARs placed on the floor of the compartment is small;therefore,raising the installation height of these recombiners appropriately is ***,we do not recommend installing all autocatalytic recombiners at high *** study findings in regard to the hydrogen distribution in the HPR1000 containment indicate that CONTHAC-3D can be applied to the study of hydrogen risk containment.

关键词： Hydrogen risk mitigation Pressurized water reactor HPR1000 Thermal hydraulic CONTHAC-3D

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How the enhanced East Asian summer monsoon regulates total gross primary production in eastern China

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第2期15卷 244-252页

作者： ming-Yu HAN Yong ZHANG jing PENG China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China China Meteorological Administration Institute for Development and Programme Design Beijing 100081China CAS Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100029China

Recognizing the relationship between gross primary production(GPP)and precipitation in eastern China,the East Asian Summer Monsoon(EASM)plays a crucial role in shaping *** confirmation of the strong link between EASM and GPP,there remains a notable research gap in understanding the specific impact of the EASM on GPP in different regions of eastern *** we used simulations from Trends in Net Land-Atmosphere Carbon Exchanges(TRENDY)models from 1951 to 2010 and divided eastern China into five subregions for the *** also used the New East Asian Summer Monsoon Index(NEWI)as a quantitative metric to distinguish between periods of strong and weak *** on this,this study aims to investigate the response of GPP in different subregions of eastern ***,under strengthened EASM years(1954,1957,1965,1969,1977,1980,1983,1987,1993 and 1998),East China experienced the most pronounced increase in GPP at 12±21(mean±1 sigma)gC m^(-2) mon^(-1) compared to the weak EASM years(1958,1961,1972,1973,1978,1981,1985,1994,1997 and 2004).In contrast,Southwest China showed a decline in GPP at-4±10 gC m^(-2) mon^(-1).Moreover,GPP also increased in Northeast and North China when EASM strengthened,while South China showed a decline in *** indicated that GPP changed with monsoon *** to the mechanism analysis,during strong EASM,there was intense moisture convergence through alterations in the atmospheric circulation field over East China and abundant precipitation,which further contributed to the increase in *** solar radiation in Southwest China decreased with EASM enhancement,which suppressed GPP and hindered vegetation ***,the results highlight the importance of accurately predicting the impact of different EASM intensities of regional carbon fluxes.

关键词： Gross primary production Surface air temperature Precipitation Solar radiation Eastern China Carbon cycle

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Assessment of Wet Season Precipitation in the Central United States by the Regional Climate Simulation of the WRFG Member in NARCCAP and Its Relationship with Large-Scale Circulation Biases

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第4期41卷 619-638页

作者： Yating ZHAO ming XUE jing JIANG Xiao-ming HU Anning HUANG School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms and School of Meteorology The University of OklahomaNorman 73072U.S.A

Assessment of past-climate simulations of regional climate models(RCMs)is important for understanding the reliability of RCMs when used to project future regional ***,we assess the performance and discuss possible causes of biases in a WRF-based RCM with a grid spacing of 50 km,named WRFG,from the North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program(NARCCAP)in simulating wet season precipitation over the Central United States for a period when observational data are *** RCM reproduces key features of the precipitation distribution characteristics during late spring to early summer,although it tends to underestimate the magnitude of *** dry bias is partially due to the model’s lack of skill in simulating nocturnal precipitation related to the lack of eastward propagating convective systems in the *** in reproducing large-scale circulation and environmental conditions is another contributing *** too weak simulated pressure gradient between the Rocky Mountains and the Gulf of Mexico results in weaker southerly winds in between,leading to a reduction of warm moist air transport from the Gulf to the Central Great *** simulated low-level horizontal convergence fields are less favorable for upward motion than in the NARR and hence,for the development of moist convection as ***,a careful examination of an RCM’s deficiencies and the identification of the source of errors are important when using the RCM to project precipitation changes in future climate scenarios.

关键词： NARCCAP Central United States precipitation low-level jet large-scale environment diurnal variation

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Surface reconstruction of heterostructures in alkaline medium towards enhanced electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2636-2647页

作者： ming-Yang Yang Ji Yuan Xue-Lian Fu jing-jing Chen jing Hu Zhou-Guang Lu Chen Liu Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and TechnologyShenzhen Key Laboratory of Energy Electrocatalytic MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Constructing heterostructures has proved to be a successful strategy to fabricate electrocatalysts with high efficiency for water ***,the structure evolution in alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction lacks investigation and the specific active center remains ***,we take the well-designed Ni_(3)S_(2)@VO_(2) heterostructures as a model to investigate the electrocatalytic activity and the surface reconstruction process of heterostructure catalysts in alkaline *** Ni_(3)S_(2)@VO_(2) heterostructures,with Ni_(3)S_(2) nanorods as the core and VO_(2) nanoflakes as the shell,coupled with the high conductive Ni_(3)S_(2),the hydrophilic VO_(2) and modulated electronic structures at the interfaces,exhibited prominent activity and superior stability at various current ***,the ex-situ characterizations confirmed that the surface reconstruction from Ni_(3)S_(2)@VO_(2) into Ni_(3)S_(2)@amorphous-Ni(OH)_(2) in alkaline media could optimize the water dissociation barrier and exposed large active area,thereby contributing to improved electrocatalytic *** study not only introduces novel high-performance electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),but also provides a new avenue for re-examining hetero-structural catalysts in alkaline solutions.

关键词： Heterostructures Ni_(3)S_(2)@VO_(2) Surface reconstruction Water dissociation Alkaline hydrogen evolution

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Investigation of Maxima Assumptions in Modelling Tropical Cyclone- Induced Hazards in the South China Sea

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第3期38卷 491-504页

作者： WEN Ze-guo WANG Fu-ming WAN jing YANG Fan School of Civil Engineering Sun Yat-sen University&Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China Guangdong Academy of Safety Science and Technology Guangzhou 510060China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Oceanic Civil Engineering Guangzhou 510275China Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory(Yangjiang Offshore Wind Energy Laboratory) Yangjiang 529500China

The present study aims to examine the suitability of two commonly used assumptions that simplify modelling metoceanconditions for designing offshore wind turbines in the South China Sea (SCS). The first assumption assumes thatjoint N-year extreme wind and wave events can be independently estimated and subsequently combined. The secondone assumes peak wind and waves can be modelled as occurring simultaneously during a tropical cyclone (TC) *** better understand the potential TC activity, a set of 10000 years synthetic TC events are generated. The wind fieldmodel and the Mike 21 spectral wave model are employed to model the TC-induced hazards. Subsequently, theeffect of the assumptions is evaluated by analyzing the peak structural response of both monopile and semisubmersibleoffshore wind turbines during TC events. The results demonstrate that the examined assumptions are generally *** assessing the implications of these assumptions, valuable insights are obtained, which can inform andimprove the modelling of TC-induced hazards in the SCS region.

关键词： tropical cyclone numerical wave modelling hazards offshore wind turbines structural response

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Global,regional,and national burden of kidney,bladder,and prostate cancers and their attributable risk factors,1990–2019

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Military Medical Research 2022年第3期9卷 303-318页

作者： Hao Zi Shao-Hua He Xie-Yuan Leng Xiao-Feng Xu Qiao Huang Hong Weng Cong Zhu Lu-Yao Li Jia-Min Gu Xu-Hui Li dao-jing ming Xiao-Dong Li Shuai Yuan Xing-Huan Wang Da-Lin He Xian-Tao Zeng Department of Urology Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430071China Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430071China Precision Medicine Centre The Second People’s Hospital of HuaihuaHuaihua418000China The First School of Clinical Medicine Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230000China Department of Urology Xianyang Central HospitalXianyang712000China Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710061China Institutes of Evidence-Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation Henan UniversityKaifeng475000China Department of Urology Huaihe Hospital of Henan UniversityKaifeng475000China Institute of Urology Wuhan UniversityWuhan430071China

Background:The burden of kidney,bladder,and prostate cancers has changed in recent *** study aims to investigate the global and regional burden of,and attributable risk factors for genitourinary cancers during the past 30 ***:We extracted data of kidney,bladder,and prostate cancers from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 database,including incidence,mortality,disability-adjusted life-years(DALYs),and attributable risk factors from 1990 to *** annual percentage changes(EAPC)were calculated to assess the changes in age-standardized incidence rate,age-standardized mortality rate(ASMR),and age-standardized DALYs rate(ASDR).The associations between cancers burden and socio-demographic index(SDI)were also ***:Compared with 1990,the global incident cases in 2019 were higher by 154.78%,123.34%,and 169.11%for kidney,bladder,and prostate cancers,*** the 30-year study period,there was a downward trend in ASMR and ASDR for bladder cancer(EAPC=–0.68 and–0.83,respectively)and prostate cancer(EAPC=–0.75 and–0.71,respectively),but an upward trend for kidney cancer(EAPC=0.35 and 0.12,respectively).Regions and countries with higher SDI had higher incidence,mortality,and DALYs for all three types of *** burden of bladder and prostate cancers was mainly distributed among older men,whereas the burden of kidney cancer increased among middle-aged *** related mortality and DALYs decreased,but high body mass index(BMI)and high fasting plasma glucose(FPG)related mortality and DALYs increased among kidney,bladder,and prostate cancers during the study ***:Kidney,bladder,and prostate cancers remain major global public health challenges,but with distinct trend for different disease entity across different regions and socioeconomic *** proactive intervention strategies,at both the administrative and academic levels,based on the dynamic changes,are needed.

关键词： Genitourinary cancer Kidney cancer Bladder cancer Prostate cancer Incidence Mortality Disability-adjusted life-years Global Burden of Disease

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Detection of LAMA2 c.715C>G:p.R239G mutation in a newborn with raised creatine kinase: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第14期12卷 2445-2450页

作者： jing Yuan Xiang-ming Yan Department of Pediatric Children’s Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215025Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Surgery Children's Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND We report a rare case of primary clinical presentation featuring elevated creatine kinase(CK)levels in a neonate,which is associated with the LAMA2 *** this case,a heterozygous mutation in exon5 of the LAMA2 gene,c.715C>G(resulting in a change of nucleotide number 715 in the coding region from cytosine to gua-nine),induced an amino acid alteration p.R239G(No.239)in the patient,repre-senting a missense *** observation may be elucidated by the neonatal creatine monitoring mechanism,a phenomenon not previously *** SUMMARY We analysed the case of a neonate presenting solely with elevated CK levels who was eventually discharged after supportive *** chief complaint was identification of increased CK levels for 15 d and higher CK values for 1 ***-mission occurred at 18 d of age,and despite prolonged treatment with creatine and vitamin C,the elevated CK levels showed limited *** exo-me sequencing revealed the presence of a c.715C>G mutation in LAMA2 in the newborn,correlating with a clinical ***,the available informa-tion offers insufficient evidence for clinical *** Mutations in LAMA2 are associated with the clinical phenotype of increased neonatal CK levels,for which no specific treatment *** genome sequen-cing facilitates early diagnosis.

关键词： Creatine kinase LAMA2 Gene mutation Neonate Case report

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Train-induced aerodynamic characteristics of vertical sound barriers influenced by several factors

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第2期32卷 177-193页

作者： Xiaowei Qiu Xiaozhen Li jing Zheng ming Wang State Key Laboratory of Bridge Intelligent and Green Construction Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756SichuanChina Wind Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756SichuanChina School of Architecture and Civil Engineering West Anhui UniversityLu’anAnhuiChina

Investigations into the aerodynamic properties of vertical sound barriers exposed to high-speed operations employ computational fluid *** primary focus of this research is to evaluate the influence of train speed and the distance(D)from the track centerline under various operating *** findings elucidate a marked elevation in the aerodynamic effect amplitude on sound barriers as train speeds *** single-train passages,the aerodynamic effect amplitude manifests a direct relationship with the square of the train *** two trains pass each other,the aerodynamic amplitude intensifies due to an additional aerodynamic increment on the sound *** increment exhibits an approximate quadratic correlation with the retrograde train ***,the impact of high-speed trains on sound barrier aerodynamics surpasses that of low-speed trains,and this discrepancy amplifies with larger speed differentials between ***,the train-induced aerodynamic effect diminishes significantly with greater distance(D),with occurrences of pressure coefficient(CP)exceeding the standard thresholds during dual-train *** study culminates in the formulation of universal equations for quantifying the influence of train speed and distance(D)on sound barrier aerodynamic characteristics across various operational scenarios.

关键词： Aerodynamic characteristic Sound barrier Two trains passing each other Distance from track centerline CFD simulation

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Antifertility effects of EP-1 (quinestrol and levonorgestrel) on Pacific rats (Rattus exulans)

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 127-142页

作者： jing LIU Feiyun TU ming LIU Jichao WANG Zhibin ZHANG Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan ProvinceCollege of Life SciencesHainan Normal UniversityHaikouHainanChina Secretariat Office International Society of Zoological Science and Society and Journal OfficeInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Pest rodents pose a serious threat to island *** control could be an alternative approach to control the impact of rodents on these *** this study,we examined the antifertility effects of EP-1 baits containing quinestrol(E)and levonorgestrel(P)using a dose of 50 ppm E and P at three different ratios(E:P ratio=1:2,1:1,and 2:1)on Pacific rats(Rattus exulans)in the Xisha Islands,Hainan,*** to the control group,all animals in EP-1 treatment groups showed significantly decreased food intake and body *** treated males,there were obvious abnormalities in testis structure and a significant decrease of relative seminal vesicle weight,but no significant effect on relative uterine and ovarian weights(g kg-1 body weight),or ovarian structure in *** 8%sucrose to the original 50-ppm baits(E:P ratio=1:1)significantly increased bait palatability for males and *** dose induced uterine edema and abnormalities of ovarian structure in females but had no significant negative effect on the relative testis,epididymis,and seminal vesicle weights(g kg-1 body weight)or sperm density in *** summary,50-ppm EP-1(1:1)baits have the potential to disrupt the fertility of females,and 8%sucrose addition to the EP-1 baits(E:P ratio=1:1)could improve bait *** dose disrupted the testis structure in *** studies are needed to improve bait acceptance and assess the antifertility effects of EP-1(1:1)on Pacific rats in captive breeding trials and underfield conditions.

关键词： EP-1 fertility control island biodiversity conservation levonorgestrel quinestrol Rattus exulans

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Local environment regulation of transition metal dichalcogenide-based single-atom catalysts

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4019-4037页

作者： ming-Hui Li jing Li Xiao-Yu Zheng Yao Zhou Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science andSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Laser Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology

Single-atom catalysts have risen significant attention in the realm of green electrocatalytic energy conversion to address energy and environmental sustainability challenges. Transition metal dichalcogenide（TMD）-based single-atom catalysts are considered highly effective in electrocatalysis due to the TMDs' notable specific surface area, tunable elemental species and efficient utilization of single atoms. In order to enhance electrocatalytic performance, it is imperative to elaborately engineer the local environment surrounding the active sites of single atoms within TMDs. In this review, we initially explore the effects of synthesis methods on single-atom active sites and the influence of loading of single atoms on catalytic performance for TMDs. The modulation strategies of the local environment surrounding single-atom sites in TMDs are elaborated, including substitution engineering,surface adsorption, vacancies, spatial confinement and dual-atom site strategies. For each modulation strategy, the effects of diverse local environments on various electrocatalytic applications are presented, such as the oxygen evolution reaction, oxygen reduction reaction, nitrogen reduction reaction, CO2reduction reaction and CO oxidation. Ultimately, this study presents a comprehensive overview of the challenges encountered and the potential directions for the advancement of single-atom catalysts based on TMDs in the realm of electrocatalysis.

关键词： Electrocatalysis

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