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Garden Egg (Solanum melongena L.) Performance under Different Sources of Animal Manure as a Sustainable Alternative Fertilizer for Farmers

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第8期14卷 1053-1067页

作者： Eric Adjei Kwadwo Gyasi Santo Isaac Adu Poku danson-anokye alexander Adwoa Oforiwa Antwi Department of Agriculture Berekum East Municipal Assembly Berekum Ghana School of Agriculture and Technology University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana Glenn High School Winston Salem NC USA The University of Environment and Sustainable Development Somanya Ghana

To ensure food security, continuous intensive farming systems with limited fallowing periods and other farming systems like crop rotation have led to poor soil health with extremely low organic matter, especially in tropical regions with high organic matter mineralization. Small-scale farmers in developing countries cannot afford intensive agricultural systems with heavy chemical inputs, which have not improved soil health. Inorganic fertilizers are harmful to the environment, so farmers should use cheap, locally available organic fertilizers like animal manure, which supports organic agricultural systems and soil health. Animal manure is used as a soil amendment to improve soil health, fertility, and crop yields, but data on how different manures affect specific crops is scarce. Poultry, cattle, and goat manure were compared to no fertilizer and mineral fertilizer on garden egg phenology, vegetative growth, and yield. Poultry manure improved garden egg vegetative growth, phenology, yield, and yield components compared to the negative control and the other treatments. Poultry manure yielded the most fruit at 0.921 kg∙ha-1, followed by cattle and goat manure at 0.709 kg∙ha-1 and 0.698 kg∙ha-1. In conclusion, poultry manure may be a better alternative to synthetic NPK with yield performance similar to garden eggs and long-term soil health benefits similar to other manure sources.

关键词： Garden Eggs Ghana Organic Manure Plant Phenology Sustainability

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Effect of Variety and Plant Spacing on Growth and Yield of Groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea L.)

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 54-70页

作者： Abukari Iddrisu Eric Adjei Samuel Kwesi Asomaning Kwadwo Gyasi Santo Adu Poku Isaac alexander danson-anokye Cocoa Health and Extension Division Huni Valley Ghana Department of Agriculture Berekum East Municipal Assembly Berekum Ghana Department of Horticulture and Crop Production School of Agriculture and Technology University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana Glenn High School Winston Salem USA

A field experiment was carried out to determine the effect of variety and plant spacing on yield and growth of groundnuts. The field experiment was laid in a 3 × 3 factorial experiment in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three (3) replications. The factor A included three (3) groundnut varieties (Nkatie Sari, Sum Nutt 22 and Yenyawoso) and Factor B was the three (3) spacing of 30 cm × 15 cm, 30 cm × 30 cm and 30 cm × 40 cm. All recommended agronomic practices were followed. Data was collected from eight (8) tagged plants. Growth data were recorded on plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, and the number of flowers while yield data were collected on the number of flowers, number of pods per plant, 100 seeds weight and the pod yield (kg/ha). The plant spacing significantly influenced (P < 0.05) the growth and yield parameters. Groundnut grown at a spacing of 30 cm × 15 cm produced the maximum plant height, whereas the maximum number of leaves, number of branches and number of flowers were produced from 30 cm × 40 cm. Yenyawoso variety with a wider plant spacing performed better vegetatively among all the varieties. The Yenyawoso variety produced the highest number of pods, 100 seeds weight and pod yield as compared to the other varieties. Also, Yenyawoso at 30 cm × 40 cm spacing and Nkatie Sari at 30 cm × 15 cm spacing produced the maximum pod yield.

关键词： Groundnut Variety Yield Spacing Plant Height

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Prevalence of Dental Anomalies among Patients Who Report to the Komfo anokye Teaching Hospital’s Orthodontic Clinic

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2024年第2期14卷 103-117页

作者： Ama Agyeibea Amuasi Daniel K. Sabbah alexander Oti-Achempong Rahman N. Mamah The Department Child Oral Health & Orthodontics School of Medicine and Dentistry College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana The Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Sciences School of Medicine and Dentistry College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

BACKGROUND: Dental anomalies are variations from the established well-known general anatomy and morphology of the tooth as a result of disturbances during tooth formation. They can be developmental, congenital, or acquired and may be localized to a single tooth or involve systemic conditions. AIM: To evaluate the prevalence of dental anomalies in patients who report to the Komfo anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) dental clinics. METHOD: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used with a sample size of 92 patients aged 18 or older, obtained through convenience sampling. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.0. RESULTS: The study included 92 patients aged 18 to 72 years, with 47.8% males and 52.2% females. Dental anomalies were observed in 51.1% of participants, with a higher prevalence in females (55.3%). The most common anomalies were diastema (48.3%), impacted teeth (22.0%), dilaceration (11.9%), and peg-shaped lateral teeth (6.8%). CONCLUSION: This study highlights the importance of conducting thorough dental examinations to identify and address dental anomalies, which may have implications for treatment. Early detection and correction of these anomalies are crucial to prevent future complications.

关键词： Dental Anomalies Prevalence Impacted Teeth Dilaceration

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Screening of Anti-Infectives against Leishmania donovani

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Advances in Microbiology 2016年第1期6卷 13-22页

作者： Henry Nettey Grace Lovia Allotey-Babington Benoit Banga Nguessan Barima Afrane Mustafa Tagoe anokye Ababio Patience Botchway Yvonne Darko Clement Sasu alexander Nyarko School of Pharmacy University of Ghana Legon Ghana School of Pharmacy Mercer University Atlanta GA USA

Aim: To evaluate in vitro the effectiveness of several anti-infective agents alone and in combination against Leishmania donovani. Method: A convenient stratified sampling method was used to obtain selected anti-infective agents. For individual drug samples, Half Maximal Inhibitory Concentrations (IC50) were obtained using the broth dilution method. The IC50’s of the drugs which were active against L. donovani were used as reference values to prepare drug combinations for the modified microdilution checkerboard method. Results: Five (5) out of the fifty-six (56) drugs used showed activity (inhibition of cell growth) against L. donovani cells. They include Quinine sulphate (IC50 = 0.089 μg/ml), gentamicin (IC50 = 8.1 μg/ml), amodiaquine (IC50 = 138 μg/ml) and the two standard drugs: Amphotericin B (IC50 = 6.3 μg/ml) and Pentamidine (IC50 = 25 μg/ml). The remaining fifty-one (51) drugs did not show any inhibition within the range of concentrations used (1.25 - 160 μg/ml). The drug combinations of Pentamidine/Amodiaquine, Pentamidine/ Quinine sulphate, Pentamidine/Gentamicin, Amphotericin B/Quinine Sulphate, Amphotericin B/ Gentamicin, Amodiaquine/Quinine sulphate and Amodiaquine/Gentamicin showed synergistic effects against L. donovani whereas the Amphotericin B/Amodiaquine combination was antagonistic. Notable in the results obtained was the high effectiveness of quinine sulphate in inhibiting the growth of L. donovani. Quinine sulphate, though not indicated for leishmania treatment, was more effective than the two standard drugs and has a potential of playing a significant role in the treatment of leishmaniasis. Conclusion: This study has revealed five (5) anti-infective agents that by themselves or in combinations show activity against L. donovani. Some of the drug combinations which showed synergism should further be investigated. These results have to be confirmed by in vivo studies to d

关键词： Anti-Infectives Half Maximal Inhibitory Concentration Leishmania donovani

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Microbial Profile and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Urine and Biofilm Pathogens Isolated from Catheterized Patients at Komfo anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2021年第10期9卷 1-13页

作者： alexander Bekoe Roland Azorliade Anthony Ablordey Matthew Glover Addo Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Urology Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana Bacteriology Department Noguchi Memory Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana Legon Ghana

Introduction: Urinary tract infection represents more than 40% of all nosocomial infections of which 80% are attributed to the use of an indwelling urinary catheter. Although the device is useful medically to treat urinary retention and incontinence, its uses have also been associated with infections such as catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Objectives: To evaluate catheter-associated urinary tract infection in terms of its prevalence, pathogens causing the infection and the resistance pattern to some commonly used antibiotics. Methods: Urine and biofilm specimen were collected from 105 catheterized patients. Bacteria pathogens were identified based on colony morphology, Gram staining and other biochemical reactions. Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was employed to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolated pathogens. Results: The study recorded a 74.29% prevalence of catheter-associated urinary tract infection among the rarely symptomatic patients. Escherichia coli were significantly isolated (p Staphylococcus aureus. Most isolated pathogens from both samples were resistant to ciprofloxacin with the biofilm pathogens being highly resistant than the urine pathogens. K. pneumoniae from both samples showed higher resistance levels to antibiotics than E. coli and S. aureus. Conclusion: Ciprofloxacin, a commonly used antibiotic by catheterized patients turn out to be less effective against the pathogens. The use of ciprofloxacin in catheter-associated urinary tract infection treatment should therefore be given a second thought.

关键词： Asymptomatic Biofilm Catheterization Retention Uropathogen

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Orofacial Cysts at Komfo anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana

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Surgical Science 2013年第1期4卷 65-67页

作者： alexander Acheampong Oti Peter Donkor Osei Owusu-Afriyie Komfo anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Background: Information about orofacial cysts from African populations is scarce and there are only a few studies available regarding the prevalence of these lesions in the West African sub-region. The purpose of the present study is to determine the distribution and prevalence of all histologically diagnosed orofacial cysts in Kumasi, Ghana. Aim: To determine prevalence, sex, age and anatomic distribution of orofacial cyst seen at the oral and maxillofacial unit in Komfo anokye Teaching hospital (KATH). Method: This is a retrospective study, which examined histologically diagnosed lesions including orofacial cysts. The study duration was from 1999 to 2010 September inclusive. Results: There were 37 odontogenic cysts constuting 6.5%, of all orofacial lesions. There were 18 non-odontogenic cysts i.e. 3.1% of all lesions diagnosed during the study period. The odontogenic cysts comprised 19 (51.4%) developmental cysts and 18 (48.6%) inflammatory cysts. Male-to-female ratio for the orofacial cysts was 1:1 and the mean age was 36.7 years. Conclusion: There is low prevalence of the odontogenic cysts, which is consistent with findings from other African studies. Although radicular cysts accounted for the majority of orofacial cysts in this study, the prevalence of radicular cysts is low compared to reports from developed countries.

关键词： Orofacial Cyst Radicular Odontogenic

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Orofacial Human Bite: A Six Year Review of Cases from Komfo anokye Teaching Hospital

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2016年第8期6卷 179-184页

作者： alexander Oti Acheampong Mohammed Duah Richard Selormey Peter Donkor Daniel Bankas Dental School Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana School of Medical Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Komfo anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana

Background: The orofacial region of the human body is usually not protected during a fight, making it prone to several injuries including human bite. Patients with human bite injury are often either intoxicated or are known to their assailant, and this makes the process of obtaining a reliable history especially about the aetiology difficult. In 2002, a study estimated the rate of infection secondary to human bite to be about 10%. Aim/Objective: The aim of the current study was to have a general overview of orofacial human bites seen at our unit including the aetiology, presentations, anatomic location, treatment and the treatment outcome. Results: Total number of cases was 127 over the six year period. Age range for females was 15 - 61 years with an average of 29.9. Age range for males was from 17 to 60 years and an average of 30.2 years. There were 31 males and 96 females, giving a male to female ratio of approximately 1:3. All of the reported cases resulted from a fight. Most of the offenders are known to the patients. Majority of the cases, except those infected at the time of presentation, were treated on the same day of presentation under local anaesthesia. Relationship of victim to the offender: Spouse/sexual partners were 21, rivals formed 70, known persons to the victim were 26 and strangers were 10. Sex distribution of offenders and victims: Females who bit females were 86 followed by females who bit males (24), males who bit females (10) and males who bit males (7). Conclusion: Most of the offenders are known to the patients. Majority of the cases, except those infected at the time of presentation, were treated on the same day of presentation under local anaesthesia after they had received antibiotics and anti-tetanus prophy-laxis. Early repair is now the recommended mode of treatment for human bites of the orofacial region, accompanied with good oral hygiene instructions and broad spectrum antibiotics and metro-nidazole.

关键词： Human Bite Orofacial Assault Lip Nose

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Concordance between Clinical and Histopathological Diagnoses at Komfo anokye Teaching Hospital Oral and Maxillofacial Unit

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Surgical Science 2013年第3期4卷 210-212页

作者： alexander Acheampong Oti Peter Donkor Solomon Obiri-Yeboah Michael Yelibora Komfo anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana

Background: Accurate diagnosis of orofacial tumours is important as this determines the treatment options as well as the eventual treatment outcome. Agreement between clinical and histopathological diagnosis becomes important in this regard. Aims: The aim was to determine the level of agreement between clinical and histopathology diagnosis of orofacial lesions. Method: This is a retrospective study of all histopathology reports seen at KATH maxillofacial unit. Thedata collected included, clinical diagnosis and histological diagnosis. Results: A total of 567 histopathology reports were evaluated. The percentage of agreement between clinical and histopathological diagnosis was 62.8%. Conclusion: The agreement between clinical and histopathological diagnosis was high. However clinicians cannot rely on only the clinical diagnosis in managing patients.

关键词： Histopathology Biopsy Concordance Diagnosis

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Enucleation of a Giant Prostatic Hyperplasia in Ghana: A Case Report and Mini Literature Review

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2018年第12期7卷 583-593页

作者： alexander K. Egote Paul Poku Sampene Ossei John Taylor Theophilus Bortier Department of Surgery Urology Unit Brong Ahafo Regional Hospital Sunyani Ghana Department of Pathology School of Medical Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana

Herein we report a patient with a prostatic hyperplasia weighing exactly 700 g which was successfully removed at the Brong Ahafo Regional Hospital theatre in Ghana by Pfannesteil Transvesical Simple Prostatectomy. A prostatic hyperplasia of enormous size is very uncommon and to the best of our knowledge, only ten of such cases have been previously reported. The case report presented here constitutes the eleventh heaviest prostate reported in medical literature and also forms the first case report of giant prostatic hyperplasia from Ghana.

关键词： Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Prostatectomy Transvesical Case Report

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Salivary Gland Tumours at Komfo anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana

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Surgical Science 2013年第2期4卷 135-139页

作者： alexander Acheampong Oti Peter Donkor Solomon Obiri-Yeboah Osei Afriyie-Owusu Komfo anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana

In African studies on salivary gland tumours, there are considerable epidemiological differences in different parts of the continent. There is no study of salivary gland tumours from the second largest hospital in Ghana, Komfo anokye Teaching Hospital. Aim: This study was to look at the prevalence and demographic distribution of salivary gland tumours at the Komfo anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH). Method: Histopathologically diagnosed salivary gland tumours of consecutive patients were evaluated. The study duration was from 1999 to 2010 October. Result: The total number of salivary gland tumours were 121. Male to female ratio was 1.75:1. Out of the total of 34 salivary malignancies seen, male to female ratio was 1.8:1. Malignant tumour was 28.1% while 71.9% were benign. Mean age for malignancy was 53.5 years (SD = 9.7) and that for benign was 35.5 years (SD = 8.2). Conclusion: The commonest benign tumour of the parotid was Pleomorphic adenoma (48.3%) which is consistent with most of the African and western reports. Warthin’s tumour prevalence was higher than most of the studies from Africa.

关键词： Salivary Gland Pleomorphic Benign

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