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Key technologies for wireless network digital twin towards smart railways

High-Speed Railway 2024年第1期2卷 1-10页

作者： Ke Guan Xinghai Guo danping he Philipp Svoboda Marion Berbineau Stephen Wang Bo Ai Zhangdui Zhong Markus Rupp State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Christian Doppler Laboratory for Digital Twin Assisted AI for Sustainable Radio Access Networks Institute of TelecommunicationsTU WienVienna 1040Austria UniversitéGustave Eiffel COSYSLEOSTVilleneuve d′Ascq 59650France VIAVI Marconi Labs VIAVI SolutionsStevenage SG12ANUK Institute of Telecommunications TU WienVienna 1040Austria

An emerging railway technology called smart railway promises to deliver higher transportation efficiency,enhanced comfort in services,and greater *** smart railway is expected to integrate fifth-generation mobile communication(5G),Artificial Intelligence(AI),and other technologies,which poses new problems in the construction,operation and maintenance of railway wireless *** Digital Twins(DTs),which have recently emerged as a new paradigm for the design of wireless networks,can address these problems and enable the whole lifecycle management of railway wireless ***,there are still many scientific issues and challenges for railway-oriented wireless *** key technologies to solve these problems are introduced and described,including characterization of materials'physical-EM properties,autonomous reconstruction of Three-dimensional(3D)environment model,AI-empowered environmental cognition,Ray-Tracing(RT),model-based and AIbased RT acceleration,and generation of multi-spectra sensing ***,this paper presents our research results for each key technology and describes the wireless network planning and optimization system based on highperformance RT developed by our *** paper outlines the framework for realizing the wireless DT of smart railways,providing the direction for future research.

关键词： Digital twin Smart railways Ray tracing Channel characterization

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Towards 6G: Paradigm of Realistic Terahertz Channel Modeling

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China Communications 2021年第5期18卷 1-18页

作者： Ke Guan Haofan Yi danping he Bo Ai Zhangdui Zhong State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Beijing Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway Broadband Mobile Communications Beijing 100044China

Terahertz(THz)communications are envisioned as a key technology for the sixth-generation wireless communication system(6G).However,it is not practical to perform large-scale channel measurements with high degrees of freedom at THz frequency *** makes empirical or stochastic modeling approaches relying on measurements no longer *** order to break through the bottleneck of scarce fulldimensional channel sounding measurements,this paper presents a novel paradigm for THz channel modeling towards *** the core of high-performance ray tracing(RT),the presented paradigm requires merely quite limited channel sounding to calibrate the geometry and material electromagnetic(EM)properties of the three-dimensional(3D)environment model in the target ***,through extensive RT simulations,the parameters extracted from RT simulations can be fed into either ray-based novel stochastic channel models or cluster-based standard channel model *** by RT simulations,these models can generate realistic channels that are valuable for the design and evaluation of THz *** two ends of 6G THz use cases from microscopy to macroscopy,case studies are made for close-proximity communications,wireless connections on a desktop,and smart rail mobility,*** but not least,new concerns on channel modeling resulting from distinguishing features of THz wave are discussed regarding propagation,antenna array,and device aspects,respectively.

关键词： channel modeling channel sounding raytracing THz communication 6G

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Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Channel Characterization in Urban Environment at 28 GHz

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China Communications 2019年第2期16卷 36-48页

作者： Longhe Wang Bo Ai danping he Ke Guan Jiayi Zhang Junhyeong Kim Zhangdui Zhong State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway Broadband Mobile Communications Future Mobile Communication Research Division Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)

Both ultra-reliable low latency and high-data-rate communications are required by connective vehicles. Millimeter wave(mm Wave) with large bandwidth is a key technology to support high-data-rate communications. In this paper, the 28 GHz wideband vehicle-to-infrastructure channel is characterized for the urban environment in a major street in Manhattan. The deployment of the transmitter and the receiver, as well as the traffic models, are selected by considering the recommendation by 3GPP TR 37.885. Ray tracing simulator with calibrated electromagnetic parameters is employed in this work to practically conduct intensive simulations. The 3D environment model is reconstructed from OpenStreetMap. The power delay profile, path loss, root-meansquare delay spread, K-factor and so on, are extracted from the calibrated simulation results. The evolution of the parameters, as well as their statistical properties, are analyzed and modeled. The work of this paper helps the researchers understand the propagation channel for designing mmWave technologies and communication system in a similar scenario.

关键词： channel characterization mmWave channel ray tracing urban environment vehicular communication

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A Ray Tracing and Joint Spectrum Based Clustering and Tracking Algorithm for Internet of Intelligent Vehicles

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Journal of Communications and Information Networks 2020年第3期5卷 265-281页

作者： Luoyan Zhu danping he Bo Ai Ke Guan Shuping Dang Junhyeong Kim heesang Chung Zhangdui Zhong State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Beijing Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway Broadband Mobile Communications Beijing 100044China CEMSE Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia Moving Wireless Network Research Section Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute(ETRI)Daejeon 34129Republic of Korea

Driven by the rapid growth in information services provided by the Internet and the appearance of new multimedia applications,millimeter wave is foreseen as a key enabler towards the Internet of intelligent vehicles(IoIV)for urban traffic safety *** this regard,cluster-based channel modeling has become an important research topic in the realm of emergency *** fully understand the cluster-based channel model,a series of vehicle-to-infrastructure(V2I)channel simulations at 22.6 GHz are conducted by a three-dimensional ray tracing(RT)*** clustering and tracking algorithm is proposed and analyzed from three aspects by the obtained simulation *** multiple signal classification estimation spectrum is applied to restrain the influence of antenna sidelobes and identify targets at *** on the fundamentals,the clusters can be identified and subsequently tracked using the proposed *** impacts of antenna sidelobes,angle resolution of beam rotation,and non-line-of-sight propagation path on the performance of clustering and tracking are *** multi-component-level RT results are adopted as comparison benchmarks,which reflect the ground *** work aims to provide a full picture of the clustering characteristics for designing and analyzing emergency communication systems.

关键词： clustering and tracking algorithm Internet of intelligent vehicles(IoIV) millimeter-wave channel modeling ray tracing vehicle-to-infrastructure(V2I)communications

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User Association and Wireless Backhaul Bandwidth Allocation for 5G heterogeneous Networks in the Millimeter-Wave Band

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China Communications 2018年第4期15卷 1-13页

作者： Zhenxiang Su Bo Ai Yichuan Lin danping he Ke Guan Ning Wang Guoyu Ma Li Niu State Key Lab of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China Beij ing Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway Broadband Mobile Communications School of Information Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China ZTE Corporation Beijing China

The user association and wireless backhaul bandwidth allocation for a two-tier heterogeneous network （hetNet） in the mil- limeter wave （mmWave） band is proposed in this article. The two-tier hetNet is built up with a macro base station （MBS） and several small cell SBSs, where the MBS is assumed to be equipped with large-scale antenna arrays but the SBSs only have single-antenna capa- bility and they rely on the wireless link to the MBS for backhaul. The sum of logarithmic user rate, which is established according to the result of multi-user Multiple Input Mul- tiple Output （MIMO） downlink employing Zero-Force Beamforming （ZFBF）, is chosen as the network utility for the objective func- tion. And a distributed optimization algorithm based on primal and dual decomposition is used to jointly optimize the user association variable xj,z and the wireless backhaul band- width factor α. Simulation results reveal that the distributed optimization algorithm jointly optimizing two variables outperforms the con- ventional SINR-based user association strate- gies.

关键词： millimeter wave massive MIMO ZFBF user association bandwidth allocation

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The effect of lengths of branched-chain fatty alcohols on the efficacy and safety of docetaxel-prodrug nanoassemblies

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第3期14卷 1400-1411页

作者： Shuo Wang Tian Liu Yuetong Huang Chaoying Du danping Wang Xiyan Wang Qingzhi Lv Zhonggui he Yinglei Zhai Bingjun Sun Jin Sun Wuya College of Innovation Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China School of Pharmacy Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China School of Medical Devices Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China School of Pharmacy Binzhou Medical UniversityBinzhou 256600China

The self-assembly prodrugs are usually consisted of drug modules,activation modules,and assembly *** the balance between efficacy and safety by selecting suitable modules remains a challenge for developing prodrug *** study designed four docetaxel(DTX)prodrugs using disulfide bonds as activation modules and different lengths of branched-chain fatty alcohols as assembly modules(C_(16),C_(18),C_(20),and C_(24)).The lengths of the assembly modules determined the self-assembly ability of prodrugs and affected the activation modules’*** extension of the carbon chains improved the prodrugs’self-assembly ability and pharmacokinetic behavior while reducing the cytotoxicity and increased cumulative *** use of C_(20) can balance efficacy and *** results provide a great reference for the rational design of prodrug nanoassemblies.

关键词： Prodrugs Nanoassemblies Self-assembly Branched-chain fatty alcohols Disulfide bond Docetaxel Efficacy Safety

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Towards smart rail mobility at the mmWave and THz bands:Challenges, solutions, and future directions

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Science Foundation in China 2020年第1期28卷 56-80页

作者： GUAN Ke AI Bo he danping ZHONG ZhangDui State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong Universityand Beijing Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway Broadband Mobile CommunicationsBeijing100044China

In the vision of"smart rail mobility",a seamless high-data-rate wireless connectivity with up to dozens of GHz bandwidth will be *** forms a strong motivation for exploring the underutilized millimeter wave(mmWave)and Terahertz(THz)*** this paper,we identify the main challenges and present the state-of-the-art solutions towards the realization of smart rail *** order to cope with the challenge of involving the railway features in the channel models,we define and reconstruct the complete version and the concise version of the reference scenario modules for mmWave and THz railway *** in the complete version of the scenarios reflect the influence of railway objects in detail;based on raytracing simulations in the concise version of the scenarios,two mmWave railway channel models are established and validated by ***,in order to tackle the challenge of heavy computing workload,we develop an open-access high performance ray-tracing platform—*** but not least,the challenges raised by the mmWave directional network under high mobility are overcome by our solutions concerning the handover scheme,random access procedure,and beamforming *** integrating the key enabling technologies presented in this paper,we prototype the mobile hotspot network(MHN)system which realizes 1.25 Gbps downlink data throughput in a subway line with the train speed of 80 km/*** directions towards the full version of the smart rail mobility are pointed out as well.

关键词： Channel modeling Millimeter wave Railway communications Ray-tracing THz communications

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基于散射特性的太赫兹信道建模

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无线电通信技术 2024年第1期50卷 114-120页

作者：潘然何丹萍官科彭彼乐窦建武郭兰图钟章队北京交通大学电子信息工程学院北京100044 北京交通大学先进轨道交通自主运行全国重点实验室北京100044 布伦瑞克工业大学信息所德国布伦瑞克38106 移动网络和移动多媒体技术国家重点实验室广东深圳518055 中兴通讯股份有限公司广东深圳518057 中国电波传播研究所山东青岛266107

太赫兹(Terahertz, THz)通信是6G的关键技术之一。由于太赫兹技术具有大带宽和超高速率的特点,越来越受到关注。为支持太赫兹无线通信设备的性能评估,建立能够表征信道特性的无线信道模型至关重要。提出了一种基于散射特性的太赫兹信道... 详细信息

太赫兹(Terahertz, THz)通信是6G的关键技术之一。由于太赫兹技术具有大带宽和超高速率的特点,越来越受到关注。为支持太赫兹无线通信设备的性能评估,建立能够表征信道特性的无线信道模型至关重要。提出了一种基于散射特性的太赫兹信道模型,在室内场景中使用该信道模型生成信道系数和功率时延谱。分析结果表明,提出的信道模型能较好地表征太赫兹散射特性,能够支持太赫兹通信系统的设计与评估。

关键词：信道建模信道系数散射特性太赫兹 6G

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Boosted sustained-release with iron-based MOF-derived mesoporouscarbon-spheres as a nitroimidazole drugs carrier

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 269-280页

作者： danping Wu Jiaying Zou Junyi Chen Yan Li Na Ma Wei Dai College of Chemistry and Materials Science Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China College of Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China College of Geography and Environmental Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China

Metal-organic framework(MoF)with a buildable internal structure has aroused great interest focus as self-sacrificing precursors of porous carbon(PC).However,as a drug carrier,the MOF-derived PC developed thus far are generally composed of irregular powder shape due to their crystalline nature,which consequently causing the cerebral infarction,cerebral thrombosis,and other blood *** this article,we propose a novel approach to constructing amorphous carbon microspheres(AcMs)by dis-torting the topological network through hydrothermal treatment precursors of MIL-101(Fe).Then,a distinctive MIL-101(Fe)-derived spherical porous carbons(MSPC)is achieved through high temperature calcination toward *** of the glucose initial concentration and hydrothermal treatment time on the sphericity of the as-prepared mesoporous MsPC were investigated in *** the loading capacities and sustained-release performances of nitroimidazole drugs over MsPC through simulation internal environment of human body at different pH values was systematically *** nitro-imidazole drugs loading rate and release time of MsPC are 10% and 17 h under preferred ***,the MSPC exhibited very low toxicity on hela cells and 293T cells at the concentrations tested(10-800μg mL^(-1)).This study,therefore,supports the potential of the mesoporous carbon spheres as a carrierfor nitroimidazole drug delivery.

关键词： Ornidazole Metronidazole Carbon spheres Sustained-release performance Biocompatibility

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Balancing efficacy and safety of doxorubicin-loaded albumin nanoparticles utilizing pH-sensitive doxorubicin-fatty acid prodrugs

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 5491-5500页

作者： Yuanhao Yu Shiyi Zuo Jiaxuan Song Lingxiao Li Tian Liu Jiayu Guo Yaqiao Li danping Wang Qi Lu helin Wang Dun Zhou Zhonggui he Xiaohong Liu Bingjun Sun Jin Sun School of Pharmacy Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China Wuya College of Innovation Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China Department of Pharmacy The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhou 121001China Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Drug Delivery Systems Ministry of EducationShenyang 110016China

Albumin nanoparticles(ANPs)offer unique advantages for antitumor drug delivery system,including non-immunogenicity and inherent tumor-targeting *** present,only a few products,such as ABRAXANE®and FYARRO™,have been approved for clinical *** poor affinity of doxorubicin(DOX)for albumin,coupled with its numerous severe adverse reactions,poses challenges in the fabrication of desirable albumin nanoparticles loaded with *** this study,we developed prodrugs by conjugating fatty acids of varying lengths with *** aim was to investigate the balance between efficacy and safety through the selection of appropriate *** synthesized five pH-sensitive doxorubicin-fatty acid *** to free DOX,all DOX prodrug ANPs exhibited a uniform size distribution with desirable sizes of 150 ***,DOX prodrugs with hydrazone bonds remained intact in blood circulation while releasing DOX within tumor ***,the characteristics of prodrug ANPs were considerably influenced by the length of fatty acids,impacting their in vivo pharmacokinetics,antitumor effectiveness and tumor *** research offers a detailed understanding of the length of fatty acid influence on DOX-fatty acid prodrug-based ANPs,and it builds a good platform for creating ANPs which prioritize high drug loading,high efficiency,and minimal side effects.

关键词： fatty acid prodrug albumin doxorubicin pH-sensitive bond nanomedicines

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