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Magnetic resonance spectroscopy to study hepatic metabolism in diffuse liver diseases, diabetes and cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第13期16卷 1577-1586页

作者： Pieter c Dagnelie Susanne Leij-Halfwerk Department of Epidemiology Maastricht University

This review provides an overview of the current state of the art of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in in vivo investigations of diffuse liver disease. So far, MRS of the human liver in vivo has mainly been used as a research tool rather than a clinical tool. The liver is particularly suitable for static and dynamic metabolic studies due to its high metabolic activity. Furthermore, its relatively superfi cial position allows excellent MRS localization, while its large volume allows detection of signals with relatively low intensity. This review describes the application of MRS to study the metabolic consequences of different conditions including diffuse and chronic liver diseases, congenital diseases, diabetes, and the presence of a distant malignancy on hepatic metabolism. In addition, future prospects of MRS are discussed. It is anticipated that future technical developments such as clinical MRS magnets with higher fi eld strength (3 T) and improved delineation of multicomponent signals such as phosphomonoester and phosphodiester using proton decoupling, especially if combined with price reductions for stable isotope tracers, will lead to intensifi ed research into metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, hepato-biliary diseases, as well as non-metastatic liver metabolism in patients with a distant malignant tumor.

关键词： cancer cirrhosis Diabetes Diffuse liver disease Hepatitis Magnetic resonance spectroscopy

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生物化学中的物理化学原理和问题

生物化学中的物理化学原理和问题

作者： N.c.·普赖斯(N.c. price) R.A.·德韦克(R.A. Dwek)

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液氧冷却燃烧室技术的发展

导弹与航天运载技术(中英文) 1981年第2期 1-10页

作者： R.G.Spencer D.c.Rousar H.G.price 夏英德

本文扼要叙述了一个液氧热传导实验研究和液氧冷却燃烧室的试验规划。超临界氧的热传导实验研究是在压力为17～34.5MPa（2460～5000psia）,热通量最大为90MW/m2（55Btu/in2.s）的条件下进行的。使以前获得的试验数据和最近的试验数据互... 详细信息

本文扼要叙述了一个液氧热传导实验研究和液氧冷却燃烧室的试验规划。超临界氧的热传导实验研究是在压力为17～34.5MPa（2460～5000psia）,热通量最大为90MW/m2（55Btu/in2.s）的条件下进行的。使以前获得的试验数据和最近的试验数据互相关联,从中推导出一个设计公式,该公式能在±30％以内把95％的试验数据关联起来。现已按这种相关式设计了一批供试验用的液氧冷却燃烧室,并投入了生产。为了鉴定液氧冷却燃烧室的设计原理,特制定一个试验规划。试验的目的有两个:一是验证高压液体火箭发动机中的液氧冷却相关式;二是确定液氧冷却剂渗漏所产生的影响。

关键词：液氧火箭发动机相关式冷却剂液化气体热传导系数燃烧室压力

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生物化学中的物理化学原理和问题

生物化学中的物理化学原理和问题

进行性核上性麻痹和多系统萎缩的纵向MRI检查:萎缩率和部位

作者： N.c.·普赖斯(N.c. price) R.A.·德韦克(R.A. Dwek)

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2006年第9期2卷 40-41页

作者： Paviour D. c. price S. L Jahanshahi M. 张慧(译) Sara Koe PSP Research centre Institute of Neurology UCL London United Kingdom 不详

The rate of brain atrophy and its relationship to clinical disease progression in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) is not clear. Twenty-four patients with PSP, 11 with MSA-P (Parkinsonian variant), 12 with Parkinson’s disease, and 18 healthy control subjects were recruited for serial MRI scans, clinical assessments and formal neuropsychological evaluations in order to measure brain atrophy during life and its association with disease progression in PSP and MSA-P. Serial scans were registered and rates of whole brain atrophy calculated from the brain-boundary shift integral. Regional rates of atrophy were calculated in the brainstem (midbrain and pons), the cerebellum, the lateral and third ventricles as well as frontal and posterior inferior brain regions, by locally registering to a region of interest in order to derive a local boundary shift integral (BSI). 82%of recruited subjects completed serial MRI scans (17 PSP, 9 MSA-P, 9 Parkinson’s disease patients and 18 healthy controls). Mean (SD) annualized rates of whole-brain atrophy were greatest in PSP: 1.2%(1.0%), three times that in controls. Mean (SD) midbrain atrophy rates in PSP, 2.2%(1.5%), were seven times greater than in healthy controls. In MSA-P, atrophy rates were greatest in the pons: 4.5%(3.2%), over 20 times that in controls and three times the rate of pontine atrophy in PSP. Atrophy rates in Parkinson’s disease were not significantly different from control rates of atrophy. Variability in the atrophy rates was lower when calculated using the BSI rather than manual measurements. Worsening motor deficit was associated with midbrain atrophy in PSP, and pontocerebellar atrophy in MSA-P. Worsening executive dysfunction was associated with increased rates of frontal atrophy in PSP. cerebellar atrophy rates were better discriminators of MSA-P than cross-sectional *** confirm that serial MRI can be applied to measure whole brain and regional atrophy rates in PSP a

关键词：进行性核上性麻痹 MRI检查多系统萎缩脑桥小脑萎缩脑萎缩率心理学评估执行功能障碍疾病进展

Quasi-variable Discount Rates and Market Volatility: An Empirical Study

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2023年第5期32卷 515-530页

作者： Pengju Zhao Wei Zhang Xi Wu Peter c.coyte Economics and Management School Zhongyuan University of TechnologyZhengzhou450007China Economics and Management School Tianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Economics and Management School System and Industrial Engineering Research CentreZhongyuan University of TechnologyZhengzhou450007China Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation(HPME)School of Public HealthUniversity of TorontoTorontoM5R 0A3Canada

This paper proposes an assumption of quasi-variable discount rates to explain the excess volatility puzzle of stock market. Under the assumption, the ARMAX model is derived based on the ccAPM model and cRRA utility function to describe the linear relationship between the discount rate and the consumption growth rate. We conducted empirical research on this model using historical data of the US stock market. The results confirm a significantly negative relationship between consumption growth rate and discount rate. Subsequently, the results of Monte carlo simulation show that given the risk preference coefficient and dividend sequence, the rational expectations price fluctuation obtained under the assumption of quasivariable discount rate is the largest.

关键词： Stochastic discount factor market volatility dividend discount model ARMAX

“Nonwoven” Versus “Engineered Fabric”: the Impact These Terms Have on the 15-to 25-Year-Old Females' Intent to Purchase

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2007年第2期24卷 226-229页

作者： DUTTON Kathryn c ISTOOK cynthia Department of Textile & Apparel Technology & Management North Carolina State University

Since the fall of 2004, textile and apparel students at a United States public university have been designing apparel with nonwoven fabrics. Over the last two years, the students＇ designs have sparked interest in the industry which has begun to create new and innovative fabric designs. The industry, however, still struggles over the best name for the fabric. This sparked the research question, ＂What impact does the term ＇nonwoven＇ or ＇engineered fabric＇ have on a 15- to 25-year-old＇s intent to purchase a garment？＂ Through a convenience sampling method, an online questionnaire was distributed to 15- to 25-year-old United States females. The questionnaire included questions regarding demographics and psychographics, and asked respondents to choose garments they would intend to purchase based on known attributes such as style, brand, price, place, and fabrication and fiber content. There were a total of 14 garments, seven tops and seven bottoms. Four of these garments, two tops and two bottoms were constructed of nonwoven fabrics. The respondents accepted the nonwoven fabrics when shown in garments in an online setting. This demonstrates that visually, these fabrics are comparable to traditional woven and knit fabrics. The ＂nonwoven＂ polyester and nylon blend fabric increased in popularity when the respondents were told the fabrication and fiber content. However, the ＂engineered＂ polyester and polyethylene blend fabric dropped to last place when fabrication and fiber content were known. This indicates that 15- to 25-year-old respondents do not understand or are not interested in fibers or fabrications described as ＂engineered fabric＂ with a pulyester/pulyethylene blend. More research will have to be done to determine if the fabrication term ＂engineered fabric＂ or if the pulyester/pulyethylene blend fiber content caused a lack of interest or decreased intent to purchase. Research has ,currentl begun to determine the right comblnation of fiber content and

关键词： nonwoven apparel fashion

VEGF抑制与肿瘤转移抗血管生成治疗的启示

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中国肺癌杂志 2009年第8期12卷 915-916页

作者： Bevin c. English Douglas K. price William D. Figg 南娟(翻译) 丁燕翻译) 刘谦(校对) Molecular Pharmacology Section Medical Oncology Branch National cancer Institute NIH Bethesda MD USA 天津医科大学总医院、天津市肺癌研究所、天津市肺癌转移与肿瘤微环境重点实验室

自2004年，封闭血管内皮生成因子（vascular endothelial growth factor，VEGF）的人源单抗贝伐单抗（bevacizumab）被正式批准后，抗血管生成治疗便被用于治疗某些特定肿瘤，如结肠癌、非小细胞肺癌和乳腺癌。除贝伐单抗外，食品药品... 详细信息

自2004年，封闭血管内皮生成因子（vascular endothelial growth factor，VEGF）的人源单抗贝伐单抗（bevacizumab）被正式批准后，抗血管生成治疗便被用于治疗某些特定肿瘤，如结肠癌、非小细胞肺癌和乳腺癌。除贝伐单抗外，食品药品监督管理局（Food and Drug Administration，FDA）还批准了另外两种抗血管生成药物：索拉非尼（Sorafenib）和舒尼替尼（sunitinib），这两者均为酪氨酸激酶抑制剂，可靶向作用于VEGF受体，尤其是VEGFR2。然上述3种药品虽已被批准，但抗血管生成治疗仍未达到预期效果。许多临床获益很短暂，大量临床试验还显示，应用抗血管生成治疗的病人的生存期虽有所延长，但延长仅有数月。

关键词：抗血管生成血管内皮生长因子 Dc101 缺氧转移侵袭力

Optimal batch shipment policy for an imperfect production system under price-,advertisementand green-sensitive demand

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Journal of Management Analytics 2022年第1期9卷 86-119页

作者： Bibhas c.Giri Anamika Dash Department of Mathematics Jadavpur UniversityKolkataIndia

In this paper,we consider an imperfect production-inventory system which consists of a single manufacturer and a single *** manufacturer delivers the order quantity to the retailer in some unequal-sized *** separate the defective items,the retailer performs an error-free screening process after receiving each delivery from the *** in retailer’s inventory is allowed and completely *** customer demand is influenced by the retail price,advertisement frequency and greening level of the *** centralized model and the decentralized model based on a Stackelberg gaming approach are developed to determine optimal pricing,advertising and inventory decisions.A cost-sharing contract between the manufacturer and the retailer is implemented,which enhances the environmental performance,advertisement frequency and profitability of the supply chain *** proposed model is illustrated with a numerical *** analysis for some key parameters is carried out and several managerial insights are also highlighted.

关键词： Imperfect production unequal batch shipment price- advertisementand green-sensitive demand cost-sharing contract