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Does the provision of live black soldier fly and yellow mealworm larvae improve Muscovy duck welfare?

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 442-455页

作者： Marta Gariglio Sihem Dabbou Manuela Renna Ilaria Biasato Sara Bellezza Oddon Marco Meneguz Raul daniel Miazzo Stefania Bergagna Elena Colombino Elisabetta Macchi Achille Schiavone Department of Veterinary Sciences University of TurinLargo Paolo Braccini 2GrugliascoTorino(TO)10095Italy Center Agriculture Food Environment(C3A) University of TrentoVia Edmund Mach 1San Michele All’AdigeTrento(TN)38098Italy Department of Agricultural Forest and Food SciencesUniversity of TurinLargo Paolo Braccini 2GrugliascoTorino(TO)10095Italy BEF Biosystems s.r.l Via Tancredi Canonico 18/CTorino(TO)10156Italy Unidad de Investigacion Aviar Produccion AvicolaFac.Agr.y Vet.Universidad Nacional de Rio CuartoCordobaArgentina Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte Liguria and Valle d’AostaVia Bologna 148Torino(TO)10154Italy

Background The provision of environmental enrichments to Muscovy ducks could reduce the expression of the aggressive *** aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of black soldier fly(BSF)and yellow mealworm(YM)live larva provision on Muscovy duck performance,excreta corticosterone metabolites(ECM),behavior,and blood *** A total of 1263-day-old female Muscovy ducklings were allotted to 18 pens(6 replicates/treatment,7 birds/pen)and assigned to 3 experimental treatments:a control group fed commercial feed,and two experimental treatments fed commercial feed plus the 5%(based on the expected daily feed intake,as fed basis)of BSF and YM live larvae(BSF and YM groups,respectively).A two-phase feeding program was applied:starter(from 3 to 31 days of age)and grower-finisher(from 32 to 55 days of age).The live weight,average daily gain,average daily feed intake,and feed conversion ratio were *** consumption times were collected,and video recordings were performed during 3 periods(P)each day:the hour before(P1),during(P2),and after(P3)the larva *** were evaluated at 3,31,and ***,the total red and white blood cell counts,serum proteins,lipids,and liver and renal function serum enzymes were evaluated on 12 birds/*** The experimental treatment did not affect the growth performance of the birds(P>0.05).Larva consumption times were always similar between the two insect species,except at 14–18 days of age,were BSF larvae were consumed faster than YM larvae(PP3;P<0.05).Finally,the provision of live BSF and YM larvae significantly reduced the ECM at 55 days of age and the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio(P<0.05).Conclusions Live BSF and YM larva supplementatio

关键词： Behavior Cairina moschata Environmental enrichment Hermetia illucens Poultry Tenebrio molitor Welfare

Effects of positive end-expiratory pressure on intracranial pressure,cerebral perfusion pressure,and brain oxygenation in acute brain injury:Friend or foe?A scoping review

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 247-260页

作者： Greta Zunino Denise Battaglini daniel Agustin Godoy IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino GenovaItaly Dipartimento di Scienze Diagnostiche e Chirurgiche Integrate Universitàdegli Studi di GenovaGenovaItaly Neurointensive Care Unit Sanatorio PasteurCatamarcaArgentina

Background Patients with acute brain injury(ABI)are a peculiar population because ABI does not only affect the brain but also other organs such as the lungs,as theorized in brain–lung crosstalk *** patients often require mechanical ventilation(MV)to avoid the complications of impaired respiratory function that can follow ABI;MV should be settled with meticulousness owing to its effects on the intracranial compartment,especially regarding positive end-expiratory pressure(PEEP).This scoping review aimed to(1)describe the physiological basis and mechanisms related to the effects of PEEP in ABI;(2)examine how clinical research is conducted on this topic;(3)identify methods for setting PEEP in ABI;and(4)investigate the impact of the application of PEEP in ABI on the *** The five-stage paradigm devised by Peters et *** expanded by Arksey and O'Malley,Levac et al.,and the Joanna Briggs Institute was used for *** also adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)extension *** criteria:we compiled all scientific data from peer-reviewed journals and studies that discussed the application of PEEP and its impact on intracranial pressure,cerebral perfusion pressure,and brain oxygenation in adult patients with *** criteria:studies that only examined a pediatric patient group(those under the age of 18),experiments conducted solely on animals;studies without intracranial pressure and/or cerebral perfusion pressure determinations,and studies with incomplete *** authors searched and screened for inclusion in papers published up to July 2023 using the PubMed-indexed online *** were presented in narrative and tubular *** The initial search yielded 330 references on the application of PEEP in ABI,of which 36 met our inclusion *** has recognized beneficial effects on gas exchange,but it produces hemodynamic changes that should be predicted to avoi

关键词： Acute brain injury Mechanical ventilation Positive end-expiratory pressure Intracranial pressure Brain-lung crosstalk Multimodal monitoring

Spatiotemporal distribution,environmental risk and carbon emission reduction potential of livestock manure in Shaanxi Province,China

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第3期11卷 381-396页

作者： Mengyuan QIAO Jianchun ZHU Ronghua LI Junting PAN Ran XIAO Hailong WANG Kuok Ho daniel TANG Zengqiang ZHANG College of Humanities&Social Development Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F UniversityKey Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northwestern ChinaMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsYangling 712100China Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin College of Resources and EnvironmentSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringFoshan UniversityGuangdong 528000China Department of Environmental Science University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA

Shaanxi is a leading province in animal husbandry(AH)in ***,the lack of provincial information on the characteristics and utilization potential of livestock manure(LM)hinders crucial management ***,we investigated the spatiotemporal distribution,availability and biogas potential of LM in Shaanxi,and examine the carbon emission reduction potential of *** has been a 1.26-fold increase in LM quantities in Shaanxi over the past 35 years,reaching 4635.6×10^(4)t by *** was mainly concentrated in northern Shaanxi and the eastern part of *** and pig manure were the primary sources of LM,with the average LM land-load of 14.57 t·ha^(−1)in *** the overall AH in Shaanxi has not exceeded the environmental capacity,the actual scales of AH in Ankang and Hanzhong have already surpassed the respective environmental capacities,posing a higher risk of N and P *** 2021,the estimated biogas energy potential of LM was 1.2×10^(11)*** 2012 to 2021,the average carbon emission reduction potential in Shaanxi was 22%,with an average potential scale of 10%.The results of this research provide valuable data and policy recommendations for promoting the intensive use of LM and reducing carbon emissions in Shaanxi.

关键词： Livestock manure emission estimation N and P loads biogas potential carbon emission reduction

Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Corporate Leadership

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2024年第4期12卷 40-48页

作者： daniel Schilling Weiss Nguyen Mudassir Mohiddin Shaik School of Business and Technology (SBT) Aspen University Phoenix Arizona USA Information Technology Indiana Wesleyan University Indianapolis Indiana USA

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming organizational dynamics, and revolutionizing corporate leadership practices. This research paper delves into the question of how AI influences corporate leadership, examining both its advantages and disadvantages. Positive impacts of AI are evident in communication, feedback systems, tracking mechanisms, and decision-making processes within organizations. AI-powered communication tools, as exemplified by Slack, facilitate seamless collaboration, transcending geographical barriers. Feedback systems, like Adobe’s Performance Management System, employ AI algorithms to provide personalized development opportunities, enhancing employee growth. AI-based tracking systems optimize resource allocation, as exemplified by studies like “AI-Based Tracking Systems: Enhancing Efficiency and Accountability.” Additionally, AI-powered decision support, demonstrated during the COVID-19 pandemic, showcases the capability to navigate complex challenges and maintain resilience. However, AI adoption poses challenges in human resources, potentially leading to job displacement and necessitating upskilling efforts. Managing AI errors becomes crucial, as illustrated by instances like Amazon’s biased recruiting tool. Data privacy concerns also arise, emphasizing the need for robust security measures. The proposed solution suggests leveraging Local Machine Learning Models (LLMs) to address data privacy issues. Approaches such as federated learning, on-device learning, differential privacy, and homomorphic encryption offer promising strategies. By exploring the evolving dynamics of AI and leadership, this research advocates for responsible AI adoption and proposes LLMs as a potential solution, fostering a balanced integration of AI benefits while mitigating associated risks in corporate settings.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence (AI) Corporate Leadership Communication Feedback Systems Tracking Mechanisms Decision-Making Local Machine Learning Models (LLMs) Federated Learning On-Device Learning Differential Privacy Homomorphic Encryption

Evaluation of Hemoglobin and Serum Erythropoietin Levels in Patients with Polycythemia Vera and Secondary Polycythemia

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第8期12卷 51-59页

作者： Alireza Khorshid daniel González Jianzhi Zhang Department of Clinical Laboratory Science School of Health Professions University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston USA

Objective: This study compares hemoglobin and erythropoietin levels in patients with polycythemia vera and secondary polycythemia. Study Design: A retrospective cross-sectional study evaluating the serum erythropoietin and hemoglobin levels in patients with polycythemia vera and secondary polycythemia. This study was performed simultaneously in Texas state of the U.S. and Fars Province in Iran. Methods: Hemoglobin, hematocrit and erythropoietin test results were collected from patients aged 19 to 75 years who were diagnosed with polycythemia vera and secondary polycythemia. Patients records with history of thrombocythemia, congestive heart failure, dyspnea, anemia and pregnant woman were excluded from study. Patients in each decade of life were examined in separate groups, so that changes in hemoglobin related to aging did not affect the research results. Results: 75% of the patients were men, and 25% were women. A total of 1580 patients were analyzed in this study. 57.3% of patients in UTMB and 38.8 patients in Iran have hemoglobin level above 17 mg/dl. 74% of patients in UTMB and 88% of patients in Iran have erythropoietin below 10 IU/mL. Polycythemia in UTMB was more common in people over 50 and in Iran in patients under 50 years old. The serum hemoglobin and erythropoietin levels in patients with polycythemia vera were not significantly different in compare to secondary polycythemia patients. Data showed that there were 84 polycythemia patients per 100,000 people. The results of this study in UTMB and Iran showed that 4.5% and 7%, respectively, of patients with polycythemia had a positive JAK2 test. Conclusion: Low erythropoietin levels may not be helpful in differentiating polycythemia vera from secondary polycythemia. .

关键词： Polycythemia Vera Erythropoietin JAK2 Secondary Polycythemia

Low-power SiPM readout BETA ASIC for space applications

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 153-169页

作者： Anand Sanmukh Sergio Gómez Albert Comerma Joan Mauricio Rafel Manera Andreu Sanuy daniel Guberman Roger Catala Albert Espinya Marina Orta Oscar de la Torre David Gascon Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica(FQA) Institut de Ciències del Cosmos(ICCUB)Universitat de Barcelona(UB)08028 BarcelonaSpain Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya(IEEC) 08034 BarcelonaSpain Electronics Department Serra Hunter fellow at Polytechnic University of Catalonia(UPC)08019 BarcelonaSpain

The BETA application-specific integrated circuit(ASIC)is a fully programmable chip designed to amplify,shape and digitize the signal of up to 64 Silicon photomultiplier(SiPM)channels,with a power consumption of approximately~1 mW/*** to its dual-path gain,the BETA chip is capable of resolving single photoelectrons(phes)with a signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)>5 while simultaneously achieving a dynamic range of~4000 ***,BETA can provide a cost-effective solution for the readout of SiPMs in space missions and other applications with a maximum rate below 10 *** this study,we describe the key characteristics of the BETA ASIC and present an evaluation of the performance of its 16-channel version,which is implemented using 130 nm *** ASIC also contains two discriminators that can provide trigger signals with a time jitter down to 400 ps FWHM for 10 *** linearity error of the charge gain measurement was less than 2%for a dynamic range as large as 15 bits.

关键词： Radiation detectors Silicon photomultipliers Photon sensors Front-end electronics Mixed-mode ASICs Space technology

A Tutorial on Federated Learning from Theory to Practice:Foundations,Software Frameworks,Exemplary Use Cases,and Selected Trends

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 824-850页

作者： M.Victoria Luzón Nuria Rodríguez-Barroso Alberto Argente-Garrido daniel Jiménez-López Jose M.Moyano Javier Del Ser Weiping Ding Francisco Herrera Department of Software Engineering Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Department of Communications Engineering University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)and also with TECNALIABasque Research&Technology Alliance(BRTA)Spain School of Information Science and Technology Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China

When data privacy is imposed as a necessity,Federated learning(FL)emerges as a relevant artificial intelligence field for developing machine learning(ML)models in a distributed and decentralized *** allows ML models to be trained on local devices without any need for centralized data transfer,thereby reducing both the exposure of sensitive data and the possibility of data interception by malicious third *** paradigm has gained momentum in the last few years,spurred by the plethora of real-world applications that have leveraged its ability to improve the efficiency of distributed learning and to accommodate numerous participants with their data *** virtue of FL,models can be learned from all such distributed data sources while preserving data *** aim of this paper is to provide a practical tutorial on FL,including a short methodology and a systematic analysis of existing software ***,our tutorial provides exemplary cases of study from three complementary perspectives:i)Foundations of FL,describing the main components of FL,from key elements to FL categories;ii)Implementation guidelines and exemplary cases of study,by systematically examining the functionalities provided by existing software frameworks for FL deployment,devising a methodology to design a FL scenario,and providing exemplary cases of study with source code for different ML approaches;and iii)Trends,shortly reviewing a non-exhaustive list of research directions that are under active investigation in the current FL *** ultimate purpose of this work is to establish itself as a referential work for researchers,developers,and data scientists willing to explore the capabilities of FL in practical applications.

关键词： Data privacy distributed machine learning federated learning software frameworks

Continuous ward monitoring and intensive postoperative management

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第6期137卷 631-632页

作者： Kai Li Jiayi Wang daniel I.Sessler Department of Anesthesiology China-Japan Union HospitalJilin UniversityChangchunJilin 130031China Outcomes Research Consortium ClevelandOhio 44195USA Department of Anesthesiology Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghai 201999China Department of Outcomes Research Cleveland ClinicClevelandOhio 44195USA

When patients having major surgery reach the post-anaesthesia care unit,families naturally assume that they have survived the most dangerous part of the perioperative *** assumption is *** in the 30 days after surgery is 140 times higher than intraoperative mortality.^([1,2])In fact,if the month after surgery were considered a disease,it would be the world’s third leading cause of death.^([3])

关键词： assume dangerous wrong

Persicaria lanigera (Polygonaceae) leaf extract exhibits antiulcerogenic and antiproliferative activities against acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis and cotton pellet-induced granuloma tissue in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第7期14卷 269-278页

作者： Meshack Antwi-Adjei Ernest Obese Emmanuel Awintiig Adakudugu Benjamin Aboagye daniel Anokwah Akua Afriyie Karikari Roberta Antwi-Adjei Elvis Ofori Ameyaw Department of Pharmacology School of Medical SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana Department of Pharmacotherapeutics and Pharmacy Practice School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana Department of Forensic Sciences School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana Department of Biomedical Sciences School of Allied Health SciencesCollege of Agriculture and Natural SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana

Objective:To assess the effect of leaf extract of Persicaria lanigera on cotton pellet-induced granuloma tissue formation and acetic acid-induced ulcerative ***:Rats were randomly divided into six groups:normal control,negative control,positive control(dexamethasone or sulfasalazine)as well as Persicaria lanigera(100-600 mg/kg)-treated *** effects of the extracts on body weight,antioxidant,and hematological parameters,as well as mast cell proliferation,were *** addition,a histological evaluation was ***:Persicaria lanigera extract significantly decreased the mean exudate amount and suppressed granuloma tissue formation in a concentration-dependent manner in rats(P<0.05).Additionally,the extract significantly increased body weight,improved hematological profile,reduced the disease activity index score and malondialdehyde level,as well as enhanced catalase and superoxide dismutase activities(P<0.05).Histological evaluation showed Persicaria lanigera extract alleviated acetic acid-induced colonic damages,as evidenced by decreased cell necrosis,edema,and inflammatory cell ***:Persicaria lanigera extract possesses antiproliferative,antioxidative,and anti-colitis ***,its underlying mechanisms of action need further investigation.

关键词： Colitis Persicaria lanigera Antioxidant Cotton pellets Mast cells Granuloma tissue formation