检索结果-南通市图书馆

Superconvergence and the Numerical Flux: a Study Using the Upwind-Biased Flux in Discontinuous Galerkin Methods

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2020年第3期2卷 461-486页

作者： daniel j.Frean jennifer K.Ryan School of Mathematics University of East AngliaNorwichUK Applied Mathematics and Statistics Colorado School of MinesGoldenCOUSA

One of the beneficial properties of the discontinuous Galerkin method is the accurate wave propagation *** is,the semi-discrete error has dissipation errors of order 2k+1(≤Ch2k+1)and order 2k+2 for dispersion(≤Ch2k+2).Previous studies have concentrated on the order of accuracy,and neglected the important role that the error constant,C,plays in these *** this article,we show the important role of the error constant in the dispersion and dissipation error for discontinuous Galerkin approximation of polynomial degree k,where k=0,1,2,*** gives insight into why one may want a more centred flux for a piecewise constant or quadratic approximation than for a piecewise linear or cubic *** provide an explicit formula for these error *** is illustrated through one particular flux,the upwind-biased flux introduced by Meng et al.,as it is a convex combination of the upwind and downwind *** studies of wave propagation are typically done through a Fourier *** higher order Fourier information can be extracted using the smoothness-increasing accuracy-conserving(SIAC)*** SIAC filter ties the higher order Fourier information to the negative-order norm in physical *** show that both the proofs of the ability of the SIAC filter to extract extra accuracy and numerical results are unaffected by the choice of flux.

关键词： Discontinuous Galerkin Smoothness-increasing accuracy-conserving(SIAC)filtering Superconvergence

Treating spinal cord injury via sustained drug delivery from calcium phosphate coatings

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第8期11卷 1236-1237页

作者： daniel j.Hellenbrand Amgad Hanna Department of Neurological Surgery University of Wisconsin

Spinal cord injury（SCI）is a devastating trauma that leaves approximately 10,000 to 20,000 people paralyzed every year in the United *** majority of these cases are young people that will live to almost a full life expectancy,however,their quality of life is significantly *** SCI there is loss of both sensory and motor function below the level of injury.

关键词： sustained devastating sensory young coated trauma dissolution kinetics probably axonal

Estimating geographic variation of infection fatality ratios during epidemics

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第2期9卷 634-643页

作者： joshua Ladau Eoin L.Brodie Nicola Falco Ishan Bansal Elijah B.Hoffman Marcin P.joachimiak Ana M.Mora Angelica M.Walker Haruko M.Wainwright Yulun Wu Mirko Pavicic daniel jacobson Matthias Hess james B.Brown Katrina Abuabara Departments of Computational Precision Health and Dermatology University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA94115USA Arva Intelligence Inc.Salt Lake CityUT84101USA Computational Biosciences Group Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA Earth and Environmental Sciences Area Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA Graduate Group in Biostatistics University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA Biosystems Data Science Environmental Genomics and Systems BiologyLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA Center for Environmental Research and Community Health(CERCH) School of Public HealthUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37996USA Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyBostonMA02139USA Biosciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37830USA University of California DavisCA95616USA Statistics Department University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California Berkeley School of Public Health2121 Berkeley WayBerkeleyCA94720USA

Objectives We aim to estimate geographic variability in total numbers of infections and infection fatality ratios(IFR;the number of deaths caused by an infection per 1,000 infected people)when the availability and quality of data on disease burden are limited during an *** We develop a noncentral hypergeometric framework that accounts for differential probabilities of positive tests and reflects the fact that symptomatic people are more likely to seek *** demonstrate the robustness,accuracy,and precision of this framework,and apply it to the United States(U.S.)COVID-19 pandemic to estimate county-level SARS-CoV-2 *** The estimators for the numbers of infections and IFRs showed high accuracy and precision;for instance,when applied to simulated validation data sets,across counties,Pearson correlation coefficients between estimator means and true values were 0.996 and 0.928,respectively,and they showed strong robustness to model *** the county-level estimators to the real,unsimulated COVID-19 data spanning April 1,2020 to September 30,2020 from across the U.S.,we found that IFRs varied from 0 to 44.69,with a standard deviation of 3.55 and a median of *** The proposed estimation framework can be used to identify geographic variation in IFRs across settings.

关键词： Infection fatality ratio Infection fatality rate Noncentral hypergeometric distribution COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2

RULEMAKING POSSIBILITIES： EFFORTS OF THE UNITED STATES jUDICIAL CONFERENCE ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON EVIDENCE RULES TO ADDRESS THE CHALLENGES TO FORENSIC EXPERT TESTIMONY

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Frontiers of Law in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2018年第1期13卷 34-42页

作者： daniel j. Capra School of Law University of California Berkeley USA Reed Professor School of Law Fordharn University New York 10023 USA

This piece is an echo to one of the main subjects of the Sixth International Conference on Evidence Law and Forensic Science which is to determine what evidentiary reforms are necessary for regulating forensic expert testimony, and how those reforms might be implemented. In United States, the predominant way of evidentiary reform is through rulemaking. As the Reporter of judicial Conference Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Evidence since 1996, the author, with a pragmatic spirit throughout the article, examines such an effort at the federal level of U.S. in six parts （levels）, starting from the most general, abstract level till fmishing with the most detailed and substantive points. Part I begins with a brief introduction of the hierarchies of evidentiary rulemaking authorities at the federal level of the United States, various interested groups and their interesting interactions in the rulemaking process. The author then shifts to the general topic of writing rules with a specific focus on the level of detail that is to be provided in doing so; Part II further narrows down the scrutiny into writing a rule on forensic expert testimony with an emphasis on the necessity of making such a rule change to the current general standards of FRE; Part III directly addresses the challenges of drafting a rule on forensic evidence in FRE, including a comparation of various alternative drafting models; Part IV and Part V respectively discusses the Reporter＇s comments and the justice Department＇s concerns over the drafted rules; and Part VI briefly discusses the feasibility and effectiveness of a Best Practices Manual on forensic evidence in lieu of rulemaking.

关键词： forensics rulemaking reliability expert

针刺真、假穴位不同脑区激活效应的功能性磁共振成像评估(英文)

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

中国临床康复 2006年第15期10卷 165-167,F0003页

作者：胡卡明王承平谢慧君 j.海宁成都中医药大学附属医院针灸科四川省成都市610072 成都中医药大学基础医学院中医基础教研室四川省成都市610072 成都中医药大学针灸推拿学院四川省成都市610072 德国弗莱堡大学医学院放射医疗中心

背景:人们从大脑的不同功能区着手,试着用功能性磁共振来阐释其与经络穴位的相关性。目的:运用功能性磁共振观察针刺真、假穴位与大脑功能区的关系,以及针刺真、假穴位不同脑区激活效应的差异。设计:随机对照的验证性观察。单位:成都中... 详细信息

背景:人们从大脑的不同功能区着手,试着用功能性磁共振来阐释其与经络穴位的相关性。目的:运用功能性磁共振观察针刺真、假穴位与大脑功能区的关系,以及针刺真、假穴位不同脑区激活效应的差异。设计:随机对照的验证性观察。单位:成都中医药大学附属医院,弗莱堡大学医学院环境和自然医学系针灸科以及放射医疗中心。对象:本实验于2000-10在弗莱堡大学医学院放射医疗中心完成。以视力正常的健康志愿者(弗莱堡大学医学院医学生)18人作为受试对象,随机分为2组:针刺假穴+有治疗作用穴位组和针刺假穴+无治疗作用穴位组,每组9人。均签定知情同意书。方法:两组先接受浅刺(假穴)后观测出针。然后针刺假穴+有治疗作用穴位组针刺双侧光明穴和太冲穴,针刺假穴+无治疗作用穴位组针刺双侧丰隆穴和陷谷穴。为得到强烈的针感(酸麻胀重的感觉),每30s进行捻转(每穴先左后右),每次持续10s,持续4min后静息2min为1个周期,共持续4个周期25min后出针。采用1.5T磁共振扫描仪(西门子Erlangen)进行功能成像检测。并对所有的受试者及单个受试者交叉关系分析。主要观察指标:①针刺假穴以及针刺有治疗作用穴位组对象视皮质的反应。②针刺对两组对象不同脑区的激活情况。结果:因刺激程序的错误运用,2例受试者(两组各1例)在进一步的数据分析时被剔除。①针刺与视觉有关的穴位对视皮质无确切影响,但在实验过程中,而在其他皮质区(如脑岛、外侧沟、顶颞皮质等与疼痛及躯体感觉刺激有关的皮质)有轻微血氧合水平依赖性成像法信号转换,即在这些皮质区针刺真穴及假穴均有激活反应。②针刺具有治疗视力障碍作用与不具有治疗视力障碍作用的穴位,其激活类型无明显差异。③单个受试者交叉关系分析(CC>0.3)发现,针刺假穴过程中仅2/8的受试者出现了丘脑的激活。两组均出现了丘脑、红核、大脑外侧沟的激活。针刺假穴+有治疗作用穴位组3/8和针刺假穴+无治疗作用穴位组4/8的受试者出现可观察到后外侧中脑导水管周围灰质的激活反应,两组还出现了顶颞皮质的激活。说明针刺真穴与假穴在激活类型上有显著差异。结论:①通过针刺与视觉有关的穴位发现针刺对于视皮质无确切影响,但对其他皮质区,如脑岛、外侧沟、顶颞皮质等与疼痛及躯体感觉刺激有关的皮质有激活作用。②针刺真穴与假穴在激活类型上有显著差异,但针刺具有治疗视力障碍作用与不具有治疗视力障碍作用的穴位激活类型差异则不明显。

关键词：针刺磁共振成像大脑皮质/病理学

Uncoupling protein 2 in the glial response to stress:implications for neuroprotection

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第8期11卷 1197-1200页

作者： daniel T.Hass Colin j.Barnstable Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine

Reactive oxygen species（ROS） are free radicals thought to mediate the neurotoxic effects of several neurodegenerative *** the central nervous system,ROS can also trigger a phenotypic switch in both astrocytes and microglia that further aggravates neurodegeneration,termed reactive *** regulators of ROS,such as mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2（UCP2） are neuroprotective factors that decrease neuron loss in models of stroke,epilepsy,and ***,it is unclear whether UCP2 acts purely to prevent ROS production,or also to prevent *** this review article,we discuss published evidence supporting the hypothesis that UCP2 is a neuroprotective factor both through its direct effects in decreasing mitochondrial ROS and through its effects in astrocytes and microglia.A major effect of UCP2 activation in glia is a change in the spectrum of secreted cytokines towards a more anti-inflammatory *** are multiple mechanisms that can control the level or activity of UCP2,including a variety of metabolites and micro *** these mechanisms will be key to exploitingthe protective effects of UCP2 in therapies for multiple neurodegenerative conditions.

关键词： neuroprotection astrocytes microglia reactive oxygen species oxidative stress mitochondrial uncoupling proteins cytokines neurodegeneration

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

针刺穴位与非穴位激活不同脑区的效应观察

中国针灸 2006年第3期26卷 205-207页

作者：胡卡明王承平谢慧君海宁成都中医药大学附属医院针灸科四川610075 成都中医药大学基础医学院成都中医药大学针灸推拿学院德国弗莱堡大学医学院放射医疗中心

目的:观察穴区与非穴区对大脑功能区影响的差异,以探讨相关的针刺理论基础。方法:以视力正常的健康志愿者18人作为受试对象,随机分为A、B组。两组先分别接受针刺假穴治疗,然后A组针刺穴位光明和太冲,B组针刺穴位丰隆和陷谷。所有成像技... 详细信息

目的:观察穴区与非穴区对大脑功能区影响的差异,以探讨相关的针刺理论基础。方法:以视力正常的健康志愿者18人作为受试对象,随机分为A、B组。两组先分别接受针刺假穴治疗,然后A组针刺穴位光明和太冲,B组针刺穴位丰隆和陷谷。所有成像技术均采用1·5T磁共振扫描仪(西门子Erlangen)。结果:在试验中,丘脑及红核的激活、大脑外侧沟与顶颞皮质的激活证明了针刺真穴位与假穴位在激活类型上有显著差异。结论:通过针刺与视觉有关的穴位发现针刺对于视皮质并没有确切的影响,但对其他皮质区,如脑岛、外侧沟、顶颞皮质等与疼痛及躯体感觉刺激有关的皮质有激活作用。

关键词：脑磁图描记术/针灸效应穴位生理

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

用多级罗茨真空泵对危险性气体的大流量抽除

真空 1984年第3期 47-49页

作者： j.henning ,E.Rossmanith ,j.Steinmller ,徐宏录 ,徐成海

The arms race between Magnaporthe oryzae and rice: Diversity and interaction of Avr and R genes

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第12期16卷 2746-2760页

作者： WANG Bao-hua daniel j.Ebbole WANG Zong-hua College of Plant Protection/Fujian University Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station Ocean Institute Minjiang University

Rice blast disease, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, threatens global food security. The rice blast pathosystem is a longstanding model system for understanding plant-microbe interactions. In order to elucidate the coevolution of the host and pathogen, and provide the appropriate methods for preventing or controlling rice blast disease, researchers have focused on the evolution of virulence factors and resistance genes. Thus far, more than 30 rice blast resistance（R） genes and 12 avirulence（Avr） genes have been cloned. This review summarizes the cloned rice blast R genes, cloned Avr genes of M. oryzae and the interaction between them. This discussion also considers some of the major unanswered questions concerning this pathosystem and the opportunities for future investigations.

关键词： rice Maganporthe oryzae resistance gene avirulence gene co-evolution genetic diversity