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Production of reactive oxygen species by freez.ng stress and the protective roles of antioxidant enz.mes in plants

Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2012年第1期1卷 34-40页

作者： Kwang-Hyun Baek daniel z. skinner School of Biotechnology Yeungnam University Gyeongsan South Korea USDA/ARS Department of Crop and Soil Sciences Washington State University Pullman USA

As one of the most severe environmental stresses, freez.ng stress can determine native flora in nature and severely reduce crop production. Many mechanisms have been proposed to explain the damage induced by freez.ng-thawing cycle, and oxidative stress caused by uncontrollable production of harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS) are partially contributed to causing the injury. Plants in temperate regions have evolved a unique but effective metabolism of protecting themselves called cold acclimation. Cold-acclimating plants undergo a complex but orchestrated metabolic process to increase cold hardness triggered by exposure to low temperature and shortened photoperiod and achieve the maximum freez.ng tolerance by a concerted regulation and expression of a number of cold responsive genes. A complicated enz.matic system have been evolved in plants to scavenge the ROS to protect themselves from oxidative stress, therefore, cold-acclimating plants are expected to increase the de novo synthesis of the genes of antioxidant genes. Indeed, many antioxidant genes increase the expression levels in response to low temperature. Furthermore, the higher expression of many antioxidant enz.mes are positively correlated to inducing higher tolerance levels against freez.ng. All the information summariz.d here can be applied for developing crop and horticultural plants to have more freez.ng tolerance for higher production with better quality. There have been extensive studies on the activities of antioxidant enz.mes and the gene regulation, however, more researches will be required in near future to elucidate the most effective antioxidant enz.mes to induce highest freez.ng tolerance in a crop plant in a transformation process or a breeding program.

关键词： Antioxidant Enz.mes Cold Acclimation Freez.ng Stress Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Reactive Oxygen Species

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Feeding ecology and interactions with mammal hosts in a symbiotic genus of birds(Buphagus spp.)in Namibia

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Avian Research 2024年第3期15卷 336-344页

作者： Michael S.Lukubwe daniel Velarde-Garcéz.Fernando Sequeira Susana Lopes Adrian J.F.K.Craig Vanessa A.Mata Department of z.ology and Entomology Rhodes UniversityMakhandaSouth Africa Department of Wildlife Management and Tourism Studies University of NamibiaKatima Mulilo CampusNamibia Departamento de Biologia Faculdade de CiênciasUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal CIBIO Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos GenéticosInBIO Laboratório AssociadoCampus de VairãoVairãoPortugal BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics Biodiversity and Land PlanningCIBIOCampus de VairãoVairãoPortugal

As the sole obligate symbiotic birds in Africa,oxpeckers offer a unique model for studying symbiotic *** to the multitrophic level they occupy and the context dependent foraging behavior they exhibit,the type of symbiotic relationship can be *** addition to providing a cleaning service to the host by removing ticks,oxpeckers frequently feed on blood,mucus,and saliva,inflicting potential damage on the ***,we used DNA metabarcoding on faecal samples to analyz. the taxonomic composition of the trophic interactions of the Yellow-billed Oxpecker(Buphagus africanus)and Red-billed Oxpecker(***)in northeastern *** contrast to conventional methods,DNA metabarcoding allows for a detailed identification of dietary resources encompassing both mammal hosts and consumed arthropods within the same *** this information,we examined differences in the diet composition between oxpecker species and localities,as well as the co-occurrence between host and arthropod *** findings revealed that oxpeckers predominantly source their diet from mammals,ticks,and flies;however,ticks and flies rarely co-occur in the diet of an *** observed variability among individuals in their feeding ecology,which is strongly correlated with locality and,to a lesser extent,with the mammal *** noted a high degree of mobility between hosts within relatively short periods,with 32%of the samples showing traces of at least two mammal *** study illustrates the dynamic foraging behavior of these specializ.d symbiotic birds,shedding light on their potential role in pest control services and disease transmission.

关键词： Commensalism Diet DNA metabarcoding Oxpeckers Parasitism Trophic ecology

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Feeding ecology and interactions with mammal hosts in a symbiotic genus of birds(Buphagus spp.) in Namibia

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Avian Research 2024年第3期 336-344页

作者： Michael S.Lukubwe daniel Velarde-Garcéz.Fernando Sequeira Susana Lopes Adrian J.F.K.Craig Vanessa A.Mata Department of z.ology and Entomology Rhodes University Department of Wildlife Management and Tourism Studies University of Namibia Departamento de Biologia Faculdade de CiênciasUniversidade do Porto CIBIO Centro de Investiga??o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos In BIO Laboratório AssociadoCampus de Vair?o BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics Biodiversity and Land Planning CIBIOCampus de Vair?o

As the sole obligate symbiotic birds in Africa, oxpeckers offer a unique model for studying symbiotic relationships. Due to the multitrophic level they occupy and the context dependent foraging behavior they exhibit, the type of symbiotic relationship can be variable. In addition to providing a cleaning service to the host by removing ticks, oxpeckers frequently feed on blood, mucus, and saliva, inflicting potential damage on the host. Here, we used DNA metabarcoding on faecal samples to analyz. the taxonomic composition of the trophic interactions of the Yellow-billed Oxpecker(Buphagus africanus) and Red-billed Oxpecker(B. erythrorhynchus) in northeastern Namibia. In contrast to conventional methods, DNA metabarcoding allows for a detailed identification of dietary resources encompassing both mammal hosts and consumed arthropods within the same samples. With this information, we examined differences in the diet composition between oxpecker species and localities, as well as the co-occurrence between host and arthropod species. Our findings revealed that oxpeckers predominantly source their diet from mammals, ticks, and flies; however, ticks and flies rarely co-occur in the diet of an individual. We observed variability among individuals in their feeding ecology, which is strongly correlated with locality and, to a lesser extent, with the mammal host. We noted a high degree of mobility between hosts within relatively short periods, with 32% of the samples showing traces of at least two mammal hosts. This study illustrates the dynamic foraging behavior of these specializ.d symbiotic birds, shedding light on their potential role in pest control services and disease transmission.

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Distributed Secondary Control Based on Dynamic Diffusion Algorithm for Current Sharing and Average Voltage Regulation in DC Microgrids

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 597-607页

作者： Dawei Liao Fei Gao daniel J.Rogers Wentao Huang Dong Liu Houjun Tang Department of Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordOxford OX12JDU.K. IEEE

This paper introduces a distributed secondary control scheme for achieving current sharing and average voltage regulation objectives in a DC *** proposed scheme employs a dynamic diffusion algorithm(DDA)instead of the consensus algorithm to enable distributed communication among *** help understand DDA,the relation of DDA and other diffusion algorithms is discussed in detail and its superiority is shown by comparison with diffusion and consensus ***,considering the discrete nature and different sampling time of the digital controller and communication network,a z.domain model of the entire DC microgrid is *** influence of communication and secondary control parameters on the system stability is *** on the established model,the tolerable communication rates are ***-time simulations conducted on the OPAL-RT platform validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme,showcasing its advantages in terms of convergence speed and stability.

关键词： Cooperative control DC microgrid diffusion algorithm discrete-time modeling distributed secondary control

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Carbon nanotube and conducting polymer composites for supercapacitors

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第7期18卷 777-788页

作者： daniel Jewell George z. Chen School of Chemical and Environmental and Mining Engineering University of Nottingham University ParkNottingham NG7 2RD UK

Composites of carbon nanotubes and conducting polymers can be prepared via chemical synthesis, electrochemical deposition on pre- formed carbon nanotube electrodes, or by electrochemical co-deposition. The composites combine the large pseudocapacitance of the conducting polymers with the fast charging/discharging double-layer capacitance and excellent mechanical properties of the carbon nanotubes. The electrochemically co-deposited composites are the most homogeneous and show an unusual interaction between the polymer and nanotubes, giving rise to a strengthened electron delocalisation and conjugation along the polymer chains. As a result they exhibit excellent electrochemical charge storage properties and fast charge/discharge switching, making them promising electrode mate- rials for high power supercapacitors.

关键词： Supercapacitor Carbon nanotube Conducting polymer

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Intraocular pressure before and after capsulorhexis using two viscoelastic substances and two surgical approaches in enucleated porcine eyes

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第6期17卷 1156-1160页

作者： Chiraz.Ben Abdallah Walter Sekundo Markus SLadewig daniel M.Handz.l Augenz.ntrum Osthessen Fulda 36037Germany University Eye Hospital Philipps-University Marburg 35043Germany University Eye Hospital Philipps-University Campus FuldaFulda 36043Germany

AIM:To investigate the influence of ophthalmic viscoelastic devices(OVDs)and different surgical approaches on the intraocular pressure(IOP)before and after creation of the curvilinear circular capsulorhexis(CCC)as a measure for anterior chamber stability during this ***:Prospective experimental WetLab study carried out on enucleated porcine *** was measured before and after CCC with the iCare Rebound tonometer(iCare ic200;iCare Finland Oy,Vantaa,Finland).The OVDs used were a cohesive one[z.Hyalin,Carl z.iss Meditec AG,Germany;hyaluronic acid(HA)]and a dispersive[z.Celcoat,Carl z.iss Meditec AG,Germany;hydroxy propylmethylcellulosis(HPMC)].The CCC was created using Utrata forceps or 23 g microforceps in different combinations with the ***:Using the Utrata forceps the IOP dropped from 63.65±6.44 to 11.25±3.63 mm Hg during the *** use of different OVDs made no *** the 23 g microforceps the IOP dropped from 65.35±8.15 to 36.55±6.09 mm *** difference between IOP drop using either Utrata forceps or 23 g microforceps was highly significant regardless of the OVD ***:Using the sideport for the creation of the capsulorhexis leads to a lesser drop in IOP during this maneuver compared to the main incision in enucleated porcine *** use of different OVD has no significant influence on IOP drop.

关键词： cataract surgery ophthalmosurgical viscoelastic device intraocular pressure capsulorhexis enucleated porcine eye

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A social computing method for energy safety

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2024年第1期5卷 64-82页

作者： Pengfei z.ao Shuangqi Li z.idong Cao Paul Jen-Hwa Hu daniel Dajun z.ng Da Xie Yichen Shen Jiangfeng Li Tianyi Luo Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100090China Systems Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA David Eccles School of Business the University of UtahUtahUSA Department of Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China China University of Mining and Technology China

Information and communication technologies enable the transformation of traditional energy systems into cyber-physical energy systems(CPESs),but such systems have also become popular targets of ***,available methods for evaluating the impacts of cyberattacks suffer from limited resilience,efficacy,and practical *** mitigate their potentially disastrous consequences,this study suggests a two-stage,discrepancy-based optimiz.tion approach that considers both preparatory actions and response measures,integrating concepts from social *** proposed Kullback-Leibler divergence-based,distributionally robust optimiz.tion(KDR)method has a hierarchical,two-stage objective function that incorporates the operating costs of both system infrastructures(e.g.,energy resources,reserve capacity)and real-time response measures(e.g.,load shedding,demand-side management,electric vehicle charging station management).By incorporating social computing principles,the optimiz.tion framework can also capture the social behavior and interactions of energy consumers in response to *** preparatory stage entails day-ahead operational decisions,leveraging insights from social computing to model and predict the behaviors of individuals and communities affected by potential *** mitigation stage generates responses designed to contain the consequences of the attack by directing and optimiz.ng energy use from the demand side,taking into account the social context and preferences of energy consumers,to ensure resilient,economically efficient CPES *** method can determine optimal schemes in both stages,accounting for the social dimensions of the *** original disaster mitigation model uses an abstract formulation to develop a risk-neutral model that characteriz.s cyberattacks through KDR,incorporating social computing techniques to enhance the understanding and response to cyber *** approach can mitigate the impacts more

关键词： Cyberattacks Cyber-physical energy systems Distributionally robust optimiz.tion False data injections Two-stage modeling Social computing

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Virtual Reality Technology Applied on Maintenance of Painted Walls of Buildings

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2012年第5期5卷 297-303页

作者： Alcínia z. Sampaio daniel Rosário Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture Instituto Superior Técnico Technical University of Lisbon Lisbon Portugal

In a building, the paint coating applied to interior walls conveys their aesthetic character and also performs an important function of protection. It is a construction component which is exposed to agents of deterioration related to its use, needing the regular evaluation of its state of repair. The completed model supports the performance of such periodic inspections and the monitoring of interior wall maintenance, using Virtual Reality (VR) technology. Used during an inspection visit, the application allows users to consult a database of irregularities, normally associated with paint coating, classified by the most probable causes and by recommended repair methodologies. In addition, with this model, a chromatic scale related to the degree of deterioration of the coating, defined as a function of the time between the dates of the application of the paint and the scheduled repainting, can be attributed to each element of coating monitored. This use of VR technology allows inspections and the evaluation of the degree of wear and tear of materials to be carried out in a highly direct and intuitive manner. The computer application has a positive contribution to make in the field of construction, using as it does Information Technology (IT) tools which give access to innovative technology with it capacity for interaction and visualiz.tion.

关键词： Virtual Reality Interactive Model Buildings Maintenance Inspection

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Invasive plant rhiz.me production and competitiveness vary based on neighbor identity

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第4期14卷 638-647页

作者： Alyssa Laney Smith daniel z.Atwater Wonjae Kim David C.Haak Jacob N.Barney School of Plant and Environmental Sciences Virginia TechBlacksburgVAUSA Department of Biology Earlham CollegeRichmondINUSA Present address:Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA

Aims Within-species genetic and phenotypic variation have well-known effects on evolutionary processes,but less is known about how within-species variation may influence community-level *** meaningful intraspecific variation might be particularly important in the context of anthropogenic impacts on natural systems,such as agriculture and species invasion,because human actions can cause strong selection *** In a greenhouse study,we explored intraspecific(30 accessions)and ecotypic variation(representing agricultural and nonagricultural habitats)in biomass and rhiz.me production in response to inter-and intraspecific competition and soil fertility of Johnsongrass(Sorghum halepense),a widespread invasive species and agricultural *** Findings Contrary to our expectations and previous results,we did not find variation in biomass production among Johnsongrass ecotypes at this early life ***,we did find that Johnsongrass biomass varied substantially depending on competitor identity,soil fertility treatments and among *** were 11%larger in the agricultural ecotype and up to 3-fold larger in fertiliz.d treatment;while rhiz.me biomass increased by~50%when fertiliz.d,but did not differ among ***,in competition,Johnsongrass produced 32%less biomass and 20%less rhiz.me mass with a conspecific than when competing interspecifically with *** results indicate species-specific competitive responses and changes in rhiz.me allocation in response to neighbor identity;suggesting the possibility of adaptation by Johnsongrass to shift allocation under competition.

关键词： adaptation agriculture competition exotic invasion Johnsongrass selection Sorghum halepense

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Assessment of tmiispai*ent and reproducible research practices in the psychiatry literature

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General Psychiatry 2020年第1期33卷 1-7页

作者： Caroline Eliz.beth Sherry Jonathan z.Pollard daniel Tritz.Branden K Carr Aaron Pierce Matt Vassar Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences TulsaOklahomaUSA University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine Kansas CityMissouriUSA Psychiatry Oklahoma State University Medical CenterTulsaOklahomaUSA

Background Reproducibility is a cornerstone of scientific advancement;however,many published works may lack the core components needed for study *** In this study,we evaluate the state of transparency and reproducibility in the field of psychiatry using specific indicators as proxies for these *** An increasing number of publications have investigated indicators of reproducibility,including research by Harwicke etal,from which we based the methodology for our observational,cross-sectional *** a random 5-year sample of 300 publications in PubMed-indexed psychiatry journals,two researchers extracted data in a duplicate,blinded fashion using a piloted Google *** publications were examined for indicators of reproducibility and transparency,which included availability of:materials,data,protocol,analysis script,open-access,conflict of interest,funding and online *** This study ultimately evaluated 296 randomlyselected publications with a 3.20 median impact *** 107 were available *** primary authors originated from USA,UK and the *** top three publication types were cohort studies,surveys and clinical *** indicators of reproducibility,17 publications gave access to necessary materials,four provided in-depth protocol and one contained raw data required to reproduce the *** publication offered its analysis script on request;four provided a protocol availability *** 107 publications were publicly available:13 were registered in online repositories and four,ten and eight publications included their hypothesis,methods and analysis,*** of interest was addressed by 177 and reported by 31 *** 185 publications with a funding statement,153 publications were funded and 32 were *** Currently,Psychiatry research has significant potential to improve adherence to reproducibility and transparency ***,this stud

关键词： transparency statement publications

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