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Nanoporous membrane device for ultra high heat flux thermal management

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2018年第1期4卷 474-483页

作者： daniel F.Hanks Zhengmao Lu Jay Sircar Todd R.Salamon Dion S.Antao Kevin R.Bagnall Banafsheh Barabadi Evelyn N.Wang Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA 02139USA Nokia Bell Labs 600 Mountain AvenueNew ProvidenceNJ 07974USA

High power density electronics are severely limited by current thermal management solutions which are unable to dissipate the necessary heat flux while maintaining safe junction temperatures for reliable *** designed,fabricated,and experimentally characterized a microfluidic device for ultra-high heat flux dissipation using evaporation from a nanoporous silicon ***~100 nm diameter pores,the membrane can generate high capillary pressure even with low surface tension fluids such as pentane and *** suspended ultra-thin membrane structure facilitates efficient liquid transport with minimal viscous pressure *** fabricated the membrane in silicon using interference lithography and reactive ion etching and then bonded it to a high permeability silicon microchannel array to create a biporous wick which achieves high capillary pressure with enhanced *** back side consisted of a thin film platinum heater and resistive temperature sensors to emulate the heat dissipation in transistors and measure the temperature,*** experimentally characterized the devices in pure vaporambient conditions in an environmental ***,we demonstrated heat fluxes of 665±74 W/cm^(2) using pentane over an area of 0.172mm×10mm with a temperature rise of 28.5±1.8 K from the heated substrate to ambient *** heat flux,which is normalized by the evaporation area,is the highest reported to date in the pure evaporation regime,that is,without nucleate *** experimental results are in good agreement with a high fidelity model which captures heat conduction in the suspended membrane structure as well as non-equilibrium and sub-continuum effects at the liquid–vapor *** work suggests that evaporative membrane-based approaches can be promising towards realizing an efficient,high flux thermal management strategy over large areas for high-performance electronics.

关键词： high thermal ambient

Selected Inorganic Nutrients in Black Tea from Three Tea Growing Agro-Ecological Areas in Kenya

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第4期5卷 473-479页

作者： Mangenya Thaddeus Mose Kelvin O. Moseti John K. Wanyoko Johnson K. Kinyua daniel Kariuki Esther N. Magiri Martin A. Obanda Biochemistry Department Jomo Kenyatta University of Agricul-ture and Technology Nairobi Kenya Research Production and Extension Department Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya Tea Processing and Value Addition Programme Tea Research Foundation of Kenya Kericho Kenya

The tea plant absorbs dissolved nutrients from soils for its normal growth and development, though to different extents. Nutrients play vital roles in various metabolic processes, their deficiency or excess being deleterious to living organisms. A study was carried out to quantitatively assess the inorganic nutrient content (K, P, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn and Cu) of twelve black tea samples sourced from Murang’a, Meru and Kisii tea growing agro-ecological areas in Kenya. K and P were quantified using a flame photometer and a UV-Vis spectrophotometer respectively whereas Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn and Cu were quantified using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The general accumulation pattern of the inorganic nutrients in the tea samples was established to be;K (1.6% ± 0.05%-2.1% ± 0.01%) > P (0.30% ± 0.01%-0.37% ± 0.04%) > Ca (0.16% ± 0.01%-0.62% ± 0.03%) > Mn (0.07% ± 0.009%-0.13% ± 0.004%) > Fe (136 ± 8-320 ± 5 μg/g) > Zn (27 ± 1-39 ± 7 μg/g) > Cu (10 ± 3-16 ± 1 μg/g). Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in the inorganic nutrient contents of the black tea from the different tea factories as well as agro-ecological areas. These data demonstrate the tea plant’s ability to accumulate the studied nutrients, further underlining tea consumption as a potential dietary source of the nutritionally essential inorganic nutrients.

关键词： Black Tea Inorganic Nutrients Spectrophotometry Kenya

Liver transplantation in malignant disease

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2021年第8期12卷 623-645页

作者： Sven Arke Lang Jan Bednarsch Zoltan Czigany Katharina Joechle Andreas Kroh Iakovos Amygdalos Pavel Strnad Tony Bruns daniel Heise Florian Ulmer Ulf Peter Neumann Department of Surgery and Transplantation University Hospital RWTH AachenAachen 52074Germany Department of Internal Medicine III University Hospital RWTH AachenAachen 52074Germany

Liver transplantation for malignant disease has gained increasing attention as part of transplant *** the implementation of the Milan criteria,hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)was the first generally accepted indication for transplantation in patients with ***,more liberal criteria for HCC have been developed,and research on this topic is still *** evident success of liver transplantation for HCC has led to the attempt to extend its indication to other *** perihilar cholangiocarcinoma,more and more evidence supports the use of liver transplantation,especially after neoadjuvant *** addition,some data also show a benefit for selected patients with very early stage intrahepatic *** epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a very rare but nonetheless established indication for liver transplantation in primary liver *** contrast,patients with hepatic angiosarcoma are currently not considered to be optimal *** secondary liver tumors,neuroendocrine cancer liver metastases are an accepted but comparability rare indication for liver ***,some evidence has been published supporting the use of liver transplantation even for colorectal liver *** review summarizes the current evidence for liver transplantation for primary and secondary liver cancer.

关键词： Liver transplantation Hepatocellular carcinoma Cholangiocellular carcinoma Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver Colorectal cancer liver metastases Neuroendocrine cancer liver metastases

Diabetes mellitus: From molecular mechanism to pathophysiologyand pharmacology

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Medicine in Novel Technology and Devices 2023年第3期19卷 1-8页

作者： Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo Hannah Sokolayam Ibrahim Damilare Emmanuel Rotimi Akingbolabo daniel Ogunlakin Adebola Busola Ojo Phytomedicine Molecular Toxicologyand Computational Biochemistry Research Laboratory(PMTCB-RL)Department of BiochemistryBowen UniversityIwoNigeria Department of Biochemistry Landmark UniversityOmu-AranNigeria Department of Biochemistry Ekiti State UniversityAdo-EkitiNigeria

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by high blood glucose levels and a range of other symptomsthat last for a long period of time. It has a rapid prevalence globally, and there is a possibility of the statisticdoubling in a few years. This review is aimed at evaluating the mechanism, pathophysiology, and pharmacologyof diabetes mellitus. The data used was sourced through a thorough review of scientific articles published in avariety of databases, including Springer, Scopus, Elsevier, Google Scholar, Wiley, Web of Science, PubMed, andTaylor & Francis. Furthermore, PhD and MSc theses were also used in compiling data. According to the literaturereview, diabetes mellitus is a persistent condition with various risk factors and serious complications that affectthe quality of life. However, research studies have helped in the prognosis, diagnosis, treatment, and managementof its different forms.

关键词： Mechanism Pathophysiology Pharmacology Diabetes mellitus

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SO_2排污权交易在中国的发展与挑战

电力环境保护 2007年第2期23卷 1-5页

作者： daniel J.Dudek 王昊张建宇林红美国环保协会中国项目部北京100007

回顾了大气污染物排放总量控制和排污权交易在中国发展的历程。通过对美国SO2排放总量控制和排污权交易核心要素的分析,揭示了目前中国在排污权交易政策方面的欠缺。指出了排污权交易政策是帮助中国完成“十一五”计划环境目标的有效手段。

关键词： SO2 总量控制排污权交易

PVP治疗硬膜侵犯溶骨性胸腰椎转移癌的安全性及疗效评估

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中国骨与关节损伤杂志 2017年第11期32卷 1179-1180页

作者：徐建彪王占长 daniel Porter 杜传超清华大学第一附属医院骨科北京100016

目的探讨经皮椎体成形术(PVP)治疗硬膜侵犯溶骨性胸腰椎转移癌的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2011-08—2015-01采用PVP治疗的21例硬膜侵犯溶骨性胸腰椎转移癌,比较手术前后VAS评分、ODI指数。结果 21例(30椎)均顺利完成手术,21椎经椎弓... 详细信息

目的探讨经皮椎体成形术(PVP)治疗硬膜侵犯溶骨性胸腰椎转移癌的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2011-08—2015-01采用PVP治疗的21例硬膜侵犯溶骨性胸腰椎转移癌,比较手术前后VAS评分、ODI指数。结果 21例(30椎)均顺利完成手术,21椎经椎弓根入路穿刺,9椎经椎弓根外穿刺。本组手术时间平均21 min,单个椎体骨水泥注入量平均3 ml,住院时间平均3 d。4例出现少量骨水泥渗漏,其中1例椎体前缘渗漏,2例椎间盘渗漏,1例椎体后壁渗漏,均无严重并发症发生。本组术后1个月VAS评分、ODI指数较术前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 PVP治疗硬膜侵犯溶骨性胸腰椎转移癌是一种安全、有效的微创手术方式,可明显缓解患者疼痛,改善患者的生活质量。

关键词：经皮椎体成形术溶骨性椎体转移瘤硬膜侵犯胸腰椎

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农作物病虫害在全球变暖中向极地扩散

中国植保导刊 2017年第3期37卷 80-86页

作者： daniel P.Bebber Mark A.T.Ramotowski Sarah J.Gurr 曾娟王晓亮李天娇曹烨全国农业技术推广服务中心北京100125 全国畜牧总站北京100125

农作物病虫害的发生和传播威胁着全球食品安全。病虫害主要通过人类交通运输途径传播,而由于气候变化导致病虫害能够在非适生区定殖的情况也日益受到关注。然而,气候变化、农作物和病虫害三者之间的互作关系十分复杂,关于全球变暖导致... 详细信息

农作物病虫害的发生和传播威胁着全球食品安全。病虫害主要通过人类交通运输途径传播,而由于气候变化导致病虫害能够在非适生区定殖的情况也日益受到关注。然而,气候变化、农作物和病虫害三者之间的互作关系十分复杂,关于全球变暖导致病虫害分布纬度改变的研究还远远不足。本文论证了自1960年以来,数百种病虫害平均每年以2.7±0.8 km的速度向极地扩散,但不同生物类群之间的扩散趋势显著不同。尽管存在观测的偏差,如高纬度的发达国家往往比低纬度的发展中国家更早发现新的病虫害,容易得出病虫害向赤道方向扩散的表面结论,然而,我们研究得出的多种生物类群向高纬度地区扩散的趋势支持了全球变暖导致病虫害扩散的假说。

关键词：全球变暖农作物病虫害极地地区气候变化运输途径全球食品高纬度地区生物类群适生区农药管理条例

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世界山地:21世纪脆弱的“水塔”

AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2004年第S1期33卷 30-34,57页

作者： Bruno Messerli daniel Viviroli Rolf Weingartner 韩海东伯尔尼大学伯尔尼大学水文学会瑞士水文学会

山地作为"天然水塔"在周围低地的生存和发展中扮演者重要的角色。对于世界上的很多干旱和半干旱地区更是如此,因为那里的山区来水可以占到径流总量的50%～90%。然而在这些水资源日益紧缺(特别是农业用水紧缺)的地区,利用我们现有的山区... 详细信息

山地作为"天然水塔"在周围低地的生存和发展中扮演者重要的角色。对于世界上的很多干旱和半干旱地区更是如此,因为那里的山区来水可以占到径流总量的50%～90%。然而在这些水资源日益紧缺(特别是农业用水紧缺)的地区,利用我们现有的山区水文方面的知识来进行可持续的水资源管理与脆弱性评价仍面临着很大的困难。IPCC报告中指出,如果大气中的CO_2增加1倍,那么全球增温幅度最大的地区将会包括从北极和亚北极的低海拔地区到热带亚热带的高山区的广大区域。计划中的GCOS气候站点并未达到这样的高度,尽管这里温度变化较大,拥有许多生态系统敏感而脆弱的高峰。全球范围内,山区居民超过了7亿,其中有6.25亿是在发展中国家。而这6.25亿人中约有一半人,当食物供给没有保障时是非常脆弱的,其后果可能会是向外移民或者对山地生态系统进行过度开发。而这些生态系统的过度开发最终会对自然环境,特别是水资源,产生负面的效应。迫切需要开展一些新的研究项目,建立高山观测站点,以深入了解各种正在发生的自然过程和人文过程及其对相邻低地所产生的影响。

关键词：水资源管理脆弱性评价山区水文山地生态系统食物供给世界水日增温幅度半干旱地区农业用水

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欧洲东部某农场断奶仔猪爆发腹泻

国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2013年第8期33卷 35-37页

作者：杨若耶 Steven McOrist daniel Spiru Flavius Belean

欧盟的法律规定,只有在兽医的指导下方可在仔猪饲料中使用治疗剂量的ZnO。本案例的经验表明,不足200 mg/kg的ZnO添加量不足以预防断奶仔猪感染产肠毒性大肠杆菌。在相关疫苗还没有表明其充分的预防效果前,发生在一年前欧洲某猪场的本案... 详细信息

欧盟的法律规定,只有在兽医的指导下方可在仔猪饲料中使用治疗剂量的ZnO。本案例的经验表明,不足200 mg/kg的ZnO添加量不足以预防断奶仔猪感染产肠毒性大肠杆菌。在相关疫苗还没有表明其充分的预防效果前,发生在一年前欧洲某猪场的本案例,其教训仍值得人们的借鉴。

关键词：断奶仔猪欧洲肠毒性大肠杆菌腹泻预防效果法律规定治疗剂量仔猪饲料