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Effects of supplements differing in fatty acid profile to late gestational beef cows on cow performance,calf growth performance,and mRNA expression of genes associated with myogenesis and adipogenesis

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第4期12卷 1483-1497页

作者： Taoqi Shao Frank A.Ireland Joshua C.McCann daniel w.shike Department of Animal Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaILUSA

Background:Maternal nutrition during gestation affects fetal development,which has long-term programming effects on offspring postnatal growth *** a critical role in protein and lipid metabolism,essential fatty acids can influence the development of muscle and adipose *** experiment investigated the effects of late gestation supplements(77 d prepartum),either rich in saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids(CON;155 g/cow/d EnerGII)or polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA;80 g/cow/d Strata and 80 g/cow/d Prequel),on cow performance and subsequent calf growth performance as well as mRNA expression in longissimus muscle(LM)and subcutaneous adipose tissue at birth and ***:There was no difference(P≥0.34)in cow body weight(Bw)or body condition score from presupplementation through *** concentrations of C18:3n-3 and C20:4n-6 decreased(P≤0.05)to a greater extent from mid-supplementation to calving for PUFA compared with CON *** plasma C20:0,C20:5n-3,and C22:6n-3 were increased(P≤0.01)in PUFA during supplementation *** birth,PUFA steers had greater(P=0.01)plasma C20:*** differences(P≥0.33)were detected in steer birth Bw or dam milk production,however,CON steers tended(P=0.06)to have greater pre-weaning average daily gain and had greater(P=0.05)weaning Bw compared with *** mRNA expression in steers:MYH7 and C/EBPβin LM increased(P≤0.04)to a greater extent from birth to weaning for PUFA compared with CON;MYF5 in LM and C/EBPβin adipose tissue tended(P≤0.08)to decrease more from birth to weaning for CON compared with PUFA;SCD in PUFA adipose tissue tended(P=0.08)to decrease to a greater extent from birth to weaning than *** addition,maternal PUFA supplementation tended(P=0.08)to decrease MYOG mRNA expression in LM and decreased(P=0.02)ZFP423 in adipose tissue during the pre-weaning ***:Late gestation PUFA supplementation decreased pre-weaning growth performance of the subsequent steer progeny compared

关键词： Beef cattle Fatty acids Fetal programming Late gestation mRNA expression

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Residual feed intake in beef cattle and its association with carcass traits, ruminal solid-fraction bacteria, and epithelium gene expression

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第4期9卷 878-890页

作者： Ahmed A.Elolimy Mohamed K.Abdelmegeid Joshua C.McCann daniel w.shike Juan J.Loor Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics Department of Animal SciencesUniversity of Illinois Department of Animal Sciences University of Illinois Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Kafrelsheikh University Division of Nutritional Sciences Illinois Informatics Institute University of Illinois

Background: Residual feed intake(RFI) describes an animal’s feed efficiency independent of growth *** objective of this study was to determine differences in growth performance, carcass traits, major bacteria attached to ruminal solids-fraction, and ruminal epithelium gene expression between the most-efficient and the least-efficient beef cattle. One-hundred and forty-nine Red Angus cattle were allocated to three contemporary groups according to sex and herd origin. Animals were fed a finishing diet in confinement for 70 d to determine the RFI category for each. within each group, the two most-efficient(n = 6; RFI coefficient =-2.69 ± 0.58 kg dry matter intake(DMI)/d) and the two least-efficient animals(n = 6; RFI coefficient = 3.08 ± 0.55 kg DMI/d) were selected. Immediately after slaughter, ruminal solids-fraction and ruminal epithelium were collected for bacteria relative abundance and epithelial gene expression analyses, respectively, using real-time ***: The most-efficient animals consumed less feed(P = 0.01; 5.03 kg less DMI/d) compared with the leastefficient animals. No differences(P > 0.10) in initial body weight(Bw), final Bw, and average daily gain(ADG) were observed between the two RFI classes. There were no significant RFI × sex effects(P > 0.10) on growth *** with the least-efficient group, hot carcass weight(HCw), ribeye area(REA), and kidney, pelvic, and heart fat(KPH) were greater(P ≤ 0.05) in the most-efficient cattle. No RFI × sex effect(P > 0.10) for carcass traits was detected between RFI groups. Of the 10 bacterial species evaluated, the most-efficient compared with least efficient cattle had greater(P ≤ 0.05) relative abundance of Eubacterium ruminantium, Fibrobacter succinogenes, and Megasphaera elsdenii, and lower(P ≤ 0.05) Succinimonas amylolytica and total bacterial density. No RFI × sex effect on ruminal bacteria was detected between RFI groups. Of the 34 genes evaluated in ruminal epithelium, the most

关键词： Beef cattle Carcass Gene expression Growth RFI Ruminal bacteria Ruminal epithelium Sex

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