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Diagnosing upper tract urothelial carcinoma: A review of the role of diagnostic ureteroscopy and novel developments over last two decades

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 242-252页

作者： Paul Gravestock daniel Cullum Bhaskar Somani Rajan Veeratterapillay Urology Department Freeman HospitalNewcastle Upon TyneUK Department of Urology University Hospital SouthamptonSouthamptonUK

Objective: the role of ureteroscopy in the diagnosis of upper tract urothelial carcinoma is yet to be fully determined. We aimed to provide an up to date evaluation of its role and the emerging technologies in the field.Methods: A literature search of the last two decades (from 24th May, 2001 to 24th May, 2021) was carried out identifying 147 papers for potential inclusion within this narrative review.Results: Diagnostic ureteroscopy is undeniably useful in its ability to visualise and biopsy indeterminate lesions, and to risk stratify malignant lesions that may be suitable for kidney sparing surgery. However, an increased risk of intravesical recurrence following nephroureterectomy when a prior diagnostic ureteroscopy has been performed, inadequate sampling at biopsy, complications from the procedure, and difficult ureteric access are all potential drawbacks. Furthermore, whilst generally an accurate diagnostic procedure, it risks missing carcinoma in-situ lesions. Despite this, evidence shows that routine use of ureteroscopy changes the management of patients in a large proportion of cases, preventing unnecessary surgery or facilitating kidney sparing surgery. the overall rate of complications is low, and improved biopsy techniques and the use of tissue biomarkers for improved staging and grading are encouraging. the risks of delays to definitive management and post-ureteroscopy intravesical recurrence do not seem to affect survival, and trials are in progress to determine whether intravesical therapy can mitigate the latter. Further promising techniques are being investigated to improve shortcomings, particularly in relation to improved diagnosis of carcinoma in situ and preoperative staging.Conclusion: Ureteroscopy has a role in the diagnosis of upper tract malignancy, though whether it should be used routinely is yet to be determined.

关键词： Ureteroscopy Carcinoma Transitional cell Ureteralneoplasms Urinary bladder neoplasms Carcinomainsitu Biopsy

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Large contributions of emission reductions and meteorological conditions to the abatement of PM_(2.5)in Beijing during the 24th Winter Olympic Games in 2022

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 172-188页

作者： Yaping Jiang Shaocai Yu Xue Chen Yibo Zhang Mengying Li Zhen Li Zhe Song Pengfei Li Xiaoye Zhang Eric Lichtfouse daniel Rosenfeld Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health Ministry of EducationResearch Center for Air Pollution and HealthCollege of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China College of Science and Technology Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000China Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Aix-Marseille Univ CNRSColl FranceCNRSIRDINRAEEuropole Mediterraneen de l’ArboisAvenue Louis Philibert13100 Aix en ProvenceFrance Xi’an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi’an 710049China Institute of Earth Sciences The Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael

To guarantee the blue skies for the 2022 Winter Olympics held in Beijing and Zhangjiakou from February 4 to 20,Beijing and its surrounding areas adopted a series of emission control measures.this provides an opportunity to determine the impacts of large-scale temporary control measures on the air quality in Beijing during this special period.Here,we applied the WRF-CMAQ model to quantify the contributions of emission reduction measures and meteorological conditions.Results show that meteorological conditions in 2022 decreased PM_(2.5)in Beijing by 6.9 and 11.8μg/m^(3)relative to 2021 under the scenarios with and without emission reductions,respectively.Strict emission reduction measures implemented in Beijing and seven neighboring provinces resulted in an average decrease of 13.0μg/m^(3)(-41.2%)in PM_(2.5)in Beijing.Over the entire period,local emission reductions contributed more to good air quality in Beijing than nonlocal emission reductions.Under the emission reduction scenario,local,controlled regions,other regions,and boundary conditions contributed 47.7%,42.0%,5.3%,and 5.0%to the PM_(2.5)concentrations in Beijing,respectively.the results indicate that during the cleaning period with the air masses from the northwest,the abatements of PM_(2.5)were mainly caused by local emission reductions.However,during the potential pollution period with the air masses from the east-northeast and west-southwest,the abatements of PM_(2.5)were caused by both local and nonlocal emission reductions almost equally.this implies that regional coordinated prevention and control strategies need to be arranged scientifically and rationally when heavy pollution events are forecasted.

关键词： PM_(2.5) WRF-CMAQ Meteorological conditions Emission reductions Winter Olympic games

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Elbow Dislocation in Children: About Two Cases and Review of the Literature

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 218-226页

作者： Nyanit Bob Dorcas Atangana Cédric Paterson Mantho Fopa Pauline Kouna TsalaIrène Nadine Mvouni Bob thérèse Raissa Bekima King Francis Ateaze Chrisantus Dikongue Diwondi Audrey Ndongo Réné Akoa Manga Ismael Evoni Molo Tatiana Choupo Guetchuin Stéphane Handy Eone daniel Department of Surgery and Specialties Faculty of Medecine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Infant Surgery Department of Yaounde Central Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Medecine and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Douala Douala Cameroon Troyes Hospital Center Troyes France Vire Normandie Hospital Center Normandie France Traumatology Department of Yaounde Central Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: Elbow dislocations in pediatric patients are rare injuries. this is a therapeutic emergency because a delay in treatment can have disastrous consequences on the functional level of the upper limb. Objective: To present the management of elbow dislocation in children in cases of limited resources. Presentation of the Cases: these were 2 older male children aged 7 and 9 years old, admitted to the emergency room for painful functional impotence of the right elbow after a fall and landing on the right hand. Clinical and radiological examinations were in favor of posterior elbow dislocations. the reductions were carried out under sedation and immobilization in Jersey. According to Robert’s criteria, the functional result was excellent in both patients. Conclusion: Emergency reduction and immobilization whatever the means ensure an excellent functional prognosis even in cases of limited resources.

关键词： Elbow Dislocation Child Diagnosis Treatment Limited Resources

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Laparoscopic Surgery of Incisional Hernia: Technique and Short-Term Results in three Surgical Units in Cameroon

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Surgical Science 2024年第4期15卷 232-243页

作者： Guy Aristide Bang Eric Patrick Savom Achille Aimé Bekolo Otiti Fred Dikongue Dikongue Mahamat Yannick Ekani Boukar Richard II Mbele Cédric Paterson Atangana daniel Biwole Biwole Arthur Essomba Yaoundé Teaching Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaoundé I Yaound&#233 Cameroon Yaoundé General Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Yaoundé Central Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon

Introduction: Incisional hernia is a common medical situation and its treatment has always been a challenge for general surgeons. If laparoscopic repair has become a gold standard elsewhere, it is increasingly done in our milieu, but no data has been found. the aim of this study was to review this surgery done in our country so far, to describe the operative technique and to evaluate the postoperative outcomes. Patients and Methods: We conducted an observational descriptive study with retrospective collection of data from the 1st of July 2018 to 30th of June 2022, in three hospitals in Cameroon. Data on socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, surgical technique and postoperative outcomes of patients who had a laparoscopic repair of their incisional hernia were collected. Results: We reviewed 20 files. there were 14 women with an average age of 54.6 years. the average BMI was 32.8 kg/m2. thirteen patients had a moderate size hernia and the hernia was localized at the midline in 18 cases. Only composite biface meshes were used with dimensions chosen to obtain at least 5 cm overlap. Spiral tacks were the only fixation means used. We registered 3 complications. One case of generalized peritonitis secondary to missed digestive perforation, one case of seroma and one case of postoperative ileus. We registered no death. Conclusion: Laparoscopic repair of incisional hernias is feasible in a resource-limited setting like ours. Compliance with the operative technique and recommendations is important to obtain short-term results closed to that put forward by literature.

关键词： Incisional Hernia Laparoscopy Repair Composite Biface Mesh Postoperative Outcomes

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Two-tiered reconstruction of Late Pleistocene to Holocene changes in the freezing level height in the largest glacierized areas of the Colombian Andes

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第3期19卷 615-636页

作者： daniel RUIZ-CARRASCAL daniel GONZALEZ-DUQUE Isabel RESTREPO-CORREA Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental BiologyColumbia University in the City of New YorkNew YorkNY 10027USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Vanderbilt University40024th Avenue South269 Jacobs HallNashville TN 3720USA Department of Earth Sciences Universidad EAFITCarrera 49 No.7Sur-50MedellínColombia

One way of deducing vertical shifts in the altitudinal distribution of Colombian high-altitude páramo environments is by inferring fluctuations in the height of the local freezing level.In our research,we are implementing two complementary approaches to reconstruct Late Pleistocene to Holocene changes in the freezing level height(FLH)in two of the most extensively glacier-covered areas of the northern Andes.We combined remote sensing and field-based geomorphological mapping with time-series reconstruction of changes in the altitude of the 0°C isotherm.Changes in the FLH were based on alreadypublished~30 kyr paleo-reconstructions of sea surface temperatures(SSTs)of the eastern tropical Pacific and the western tropical Atlantic,as well as on reconstructed long-term sea level changes and empirical orthogonal functions of present-day(historical)Indo-Pacific and tropical Atlantic SST anomalies.We also analyzed the probability distribution of air-sea temperature differences and the spatial distribution of grid points with SSTs above the minimum threshold necessary to initiate deep convection.We considered available historical nearsurface and free air temperature data of ERA-Interim reanalysis products,General Circulation Model(GCM)simulations,weather stations,and(deployed by our group)digital sensors,to assess the normal Environmental Lapse Rates(ELRs)at the regional to local scale.the combined maps of glacial landforms and our reconstructed FLHs provided us with a wellfounded inference of potential past glacier advances,narrowing down the coarse resolution of ice margins suggested by previous research efforts.the extent of the areas with temperatures below the freezing point suggested here for the summits of our main study site exceeds in magnitude the corresponding glacier icecaps and front advances proposed by previous studies.Conversely,our average lowest altitudes of the FLH for our comparative site are consistently above the main glacier-front advances previously suggested.Our results indicate that,compared to th

关键词： Glacial events Colombian Andes Climate reconstruction Geomorphology Mountain glaciers Freezing level height

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AIdeal:Sentience and Ideology

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Journal of Social Computing 2023年第4期4卷 275-325页

作者： daniel Estrada the Department of Humanities and Social Sciences New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJ 07102USA

this paper addresses a set of ideological tensions involving the classification of agential kinds,which I see as the methodological and conceptual core of the sentience discourse.Specifically,I consider ideals involved in the classification of biological and artifactual kinds,and ideals related to agency,identity,and value.these ideals frame the background against which sentience in Artificial Intelligence(AI)is theorized and debated,a framework I call the AIdeal.To make this framework explicit,I review the historical discourse on sentience as it appears in ancient,early modern,and the 20th century philosophy,paying special attention to how these ideals are projected onto artificial agents.I argue that tensions among these ideals create conditions where artificial sentience is both necessary and impossible,resulting in a crisis of ideology.Moving past this crisis does not require a satisfying resolution among competing ideals,but instead requires a shift in focus to the material conditions and actual practices in which these ideals operate.Following Charles Mills,I sketch a nonideal approach to AI and artificial sentience that seeks to loosen the grip of ideology on the discourse.Specifically,I propose a notion of participation that deflates the sentience discourse in AI and shifts focus to the material conditions in which sociotechnical networks operate.

关键词： sentience agency artifacts artificial intelligence ideology nonideal theory natural kinds participation

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Existence Results for a Class of Periodic Evolution Variational Inequalities

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2007年第6期28卷 629-650页

作者： Samir ADLY daniel GOELEVEN Michel thRA DMI-XLIM UMR-CNRS 6172Université de Limoges123 Avenue A.Thomas87060 Limoges CedexFrance. IREMIA Université de La Réunion97400 Saint-DenisFrance.

在这篇论文，用 Brouwer 拓扑的度，作者为有限变化不平等证明存在结果。这条途径也被用来获得进化的一个类的周期的解决方案的存在变化不平等。

关键词：变分不等式微分包含拓扑学导向功能

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Effective rural electrification via optimal network: Optimal path-finding in highly anisotropic search space using multiplier-accelerated A* algorithm

能源与人工智能(英文)

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2022年第1期7卷 1-17页

作者： Jerry CFLi daniel Zimmerle Peter MYoung Colorado State University United States

United Nations’7th Sustainable Development Goal envisions the availability of modern energy for everyone by 2030.While the progress has been satisfactory in the last few years,further rural electrification is increasingly challenging.the current mainstream approach of electrifying villages individually is becoming cost-ineffective due to uncertainties in both resource availability and energy demand for small,difficult-to-reach,residences.A networked rural electrification model,i.e.a cost-optimized network connecting villages and generation facilities,could improve resources utilization,reliability and flexibility.However,determining optimal paths with common search algorithms is extremely inefficient due to complex topographic features of rural areas.this work develops and applies an artificial intelligence search method to efficiently route inter-village power connections in the common rural electrification situation where substantial topological variations exist.the method is evolved from the canonical A*algorithm.Results compare favorably with optimal A*results,at significantly reduced computational effort.Furthermore,users can adaptively trade-off between computation speed and optimality and hence quickly evaluate sites and configurations at reasonable accuracy,which is impossible with classical methods.

关键词： A*routing Optimal path finding System optimization Rural electrification Sustainable development goals SDG7 energy utilization

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Monitoring of central corneal thickness after phacoemulsification—comparison of statical and rotating Scheimpflug pachymetry,and spectral-domain OCT

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第8期15卷 1266-1272页

作者： daniel M.Handzel Carsten H.Meyer Alfred Wegener Augenaerzte im Altstadt-Carree Fulda 36037Germany University Eye Hospital Philipps-UniversitätMarburg 35032Germany University Eye Hospital Rheinische Friedrich-WilhelmsUniveritätBonn 53124Germany

AIM:To explore the possibility of deploying three contactless devices(static and rotating Scheimpflug technology,spectral domain optical coherence tomography)for measuring central corneal thickness(CCT)in preoperative and postoperative examinations of cataract patients.MEthODS:Totally 72 patients who had undergone surgery without complications were selected.the CCT was measured prior to the operation,as well as on the first,5th-7th and 28th day following the operation using the Nidek NT 530-P,Sirius?,and Topcon OCT-2000 devices.RESULTS:A significant postoperative increase and subsequent decrease in CCT was identified with all three devices.the correlations were highly significant and thus reflect a very good degree of comparability at all times with the exception of the rotating Scheimpflug camera.the postoperative results from the latter differed significantly from the other devices.the correlations were Sirius/Topcon(P=0.010)and Sirius/Nidek(Pthe comparison between Topcon and Nidek(P=0.056).CONCLUSION:All three devices are suitable for postoperative monitoring of CCT.the measurement results are only comparable to a limited extent and not interchangeable in the course of treating a single patient.this is due to the different imaging technology used in the devices and the resulting modalities for conducting the measurements.

关键词： cataract surgery pachymetry corneal thickness Scheimpflug imaging optical coherence tomography

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Periodic Solutions of Evolution Variational Inequalities—a Method of Guiding Functions

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2009年第3期30卷 261-272页

作者： Samir ADLY daniel GOELEVEN Michel thRA Département de Math'ematiques et Informatique Laboratoire XLIM(Unité Mixte 6172 du CNRS)Université de Limoges123 Avenue A.Thomas87060 Limoges CedexFrance. Laboratoire d' Informatique et de Mathématiques Université de La Réunion97400 Saint-DenisFrance.

this paper focuses on a part of the presentation given by the third author at the Shanghai Forum on Industrial and Applied Mathematics(Shanghai 2006).It is related to the existence of a periodic solution of evolution ... 详细信息

关键词：变分不等式周期解进化应用数学上海

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